Bone Demineralization, Pathologic ; prevention & control ; Dental Caries ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Education, Dental ; Gingivitis ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Preventive Dentistry ; education

Objective To explore the bacterial flora distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pus bacterial culture in a‐cute mastitis and to analyze thechange trend of drug resistance spectrum to provide a evidence‐based basis for the rational use of an‐timicrobial agents in clinic .Methods The pus collected from 207 cases of acute mastitis was conducted the bacterial culture .The bacterial identification and antibacterial susceptibility test were performed by adopting the manual experiment combined with the DL‐96 system .Partial drug susceptibility test was performed by combining with the K‐B method .Results Among 207 specimens , 82 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected with the detection rate of 39 .6% ,including 51 strains (62 .2% ) of staphylococcus aureus ,7 strains (8 .5% ) of pseudomonas aeruginosa ,4 strains (4 .9% ) of staphylococcus intermedius ,4 strains (4 .9% ) of staphy‐lococcus epidermis ,3 strains (3 .7% ) of acid‐producing klebsiella bacteria and each 1 strain of staphylococcus hemolyticus and other 13 kinds of bacterium .The resistance rates of staphylococcus aureus to azithromycin ,erythromycin and clarithromycin were 92 .2% ,84 .3% and 84 .3% respectively ,indicating that macrolides drugs had a higher overall drug resistance rate and were not suitable for selection and use;the resistance rates of moxifloxacin and ciprofloxacin were 3 .9% and 4 .1% respectively ,the MRSA detection rate was 27 .5% .The resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid was 85 .7% ;the drug resitance rate of cefoperazone was 83 .3% ;which of gentamycin and amikacin was 71 .4% ;which of aztreonam was 14 .3% ;which of ceftazidime was 28 .6% and which of meropenem was 28 .6% .Conclusion The majority of detected bacteria in pus from the pa‐tients with acute mastitis are Staphylococcus aureus ,followed by pseudomonas aeruginosa ,which is different from that reported by other literatures ,showing the bacterial distribution has regional difference .Staphylococcus aureus has high resistance rate to macrol‐ides antibacterial drugs ,but is highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin;Pseudomonas aeruginosa has higher resistant rate to ticarcillin/clavulanic and cefoperazone ,but it is highly sensitive to aztreonam ,ceftazidime and meropenem .Empirical medication should be comprehensively considered by combining with drug resistance spectrum of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,and the sensitive drugs should be selected according to the drug susceptibility results after the antimicrobial susceptibili‐ty test for conducting the targeted medication .

Objective To investigate the correhtion between cognitive impairment and cerebral atherosclerosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods Acute ischemic stroke patients without cognitive impairment were recruited before symptom onset.The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to identify the infarct locations and sides.Magnetic resonance angiography,CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography were used to identify atherosclerotic arteries.Resul~ A total of 101 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled,including 75 (74.3％) with cognitive impairment.The proportions of age (54.54 ± 12.59 years vs.64.43 ± 10.37 years;t =-3.960,P ＜0.001),years of education ≤6 years (50.7％ vs.11.5％;x2 =12.257,P ＜ 0.001),and cerebral atherosclerosis (89.3％ vs.50.0％;x2 =18.137,P ＜0.001) of the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those of the normal cognitive function group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cerebral atherosclerosis was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in patients with acute ischemic stroke (odds ratio 1.720,95％ confidence interval 1.005-2.942;P=0.048).MoCA score was negatively correlated with the offending vessels (r=-0.365,P＜ 0.001) and the most severe vessels of atherosclerotic degree (r=-0.243,P =0.014).Conclusions Most patients with acute ischemic stroke had cognitive impairment in the early stage after onset,and the MoCA scores was negatively correlated with the degree of cerebral atherosclerosis.Cerebral atherosclerosis was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in patientswith acute ischemic stroke.

Bone Diseases ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; pathology

Fourteen compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract by silica gel, MCI, and ODS column chromatography. These compounds were respectively identified as quercetin (1), kaempferol (2), (+)-catechin (3), fraxin (4), protocatechuic acid (5), gallic acid (6), methyl gallate (7), ethyl gallate (8), apocynol A (9), baccatin (10), cerevisterol (11), ellagic acid (12), 3, 3',4'-tri-0-methylellagic acid(13) and N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninyl-N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninate(14) by analyzing their spectral data and comparing with the previously reported literatures. Except for gallic acid (6), all other compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1, 2 and 6 showed moderate anti-proliferation activities on tumor cells.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Euphorbiaceae ; chemistry ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Objective To evaluate the effects of rapamycin combined with rosiglitazone on lung injury in septic rats.Methods One hundred and twenty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =6 each):sham operation group (group S); cecum ligation and punture (CLP) group; rapamycin group (group RPM) ; rosiglitazone group (group RGZ) ; rapamycin plus rosiglitazone group (group RPM + RGZ).The rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 100 mg/kg.Sepsis was induced by CLP in groups CLP,RPM,RGZ and RPM + RGZ.At 30 min before CLP,rapamycin 0.4 mg/kg was injected subcutaneously in RPM group,rosiglitazone 0.3 mg/kg was injected via the femoral vein in RGZ group,and rapamycin 0.4 mg/kg was injected subcutaneously and rosiglitazone 0.3 mg/kg was injected via the femoral vein in group RPM + RGZ.While the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in CLP group.Six rats were sacrificed at 2,6,24 and 48 h after CLP in each group,and lungs were removed and cut into sections which were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and examined under microscope.The pathological changes of lungs were scored.The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-DNA binding activity in lung tissues were measured.Results Compared with group S,the pathological scores,MPO activity and STAT3-DNA binding activity were significantly increased in groups CLP,RPM,RGZ,RPM + RGZ (P ＜ 0.05).The pathological scores,MPO activity and STAT3-DNA binding activity were significantly lower in groups RPM,RGZ and RPM +RGZ than in group CLP,and in group RPM + RGZ than in groups RPM and RGZ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Rapamycin combined with rosiglitazone offers additional benefit to attenuating lung injury induced by sepsis over rapamycin or rosiglitazone alone,and inhibition of activation of STAT3 pathway is involved in the mechanism.

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI/CLA-1) are the key proteins in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). The high expression of ABCA1 and SR-BI/CLA-1 can decrease the danger of atherosclerosis. The purpose of the study is to find ABCA1 and CLA-1up-regulators for treating atherosclerosis by using cell-based high throughput screening models. Among 20 000 compounds screened, E0869 [1-(3, 4-dimethylphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yll4-((methylsulfonyl)methyl)benzoate] was found as the positive hit. The up-regulated activities of E0869 in ABCAl1-LUC and bCA-l1-LUC HepG2 cell were 160% and 175%, respectively. The EC50 values of E0869 in ABCAl1-LUC and CLA-l1-LUC HepG2 cell were 3.79 and 1.42 pμol- x ,(-1) respectively. E0869 could upregulate the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1, SR-BI/CLA-1 and ABCGJ1genes in HepG2 and RAW264.7 cells by Real-Time Quantitative PCR and Western blotting analysis, but could not influence the expression of FAS, SREBP-l1 and CD36. Foam cell assay showed that E0869 could inhibit lipids accumulation in mouse peritoneal macrophages RAW264.7. Cholesterol efflux assay showed that E0869 could induce HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux in mouse peritoneal macrophages RAW264.7. In conclusion, E0869 could up-regulate ABCA1 and CLA-1 activity, and had good anti-atherosclerotic activity in vitro.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; drug therapy ; Biological Transport ; Cholesterol ; Hep G2 Cells ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Humans ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; drug effects ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; Scavenger Receptors, Class B ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; complications ; Retinol-Binding Proteins ; urine

Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedctomidine pretreatment and postconditioning on renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods Thirty-two male Wistar rats,aged 3-4 months,weighing 220-300 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =8 each):sham operation group ( group S),I/R group,dexmedetomidine pretreatment group (group Pre) and dexmedetomidine postconditioning group (group Post).The rats were anesthetized with phenobarbital sodium 65 mg/kg.Renal I/R was produced by occlusion of both renal pedicles for 60 min followed by 48 h reperfusion.Dexmedetomidine 50 μg/kg was given intraperitoneally at 30 min before ischemia and at the beginning of reperfusion in Pre and Post groups respectively.The concentrations of serum creatinine and blood urea were determined at 0,24 and 48 h of reperfusion (T1-3).The renal tissues were obtained at the end of reperfusion for microscopic examination and detection of apoptosis by TUNEL assay.Acute kidney tubular necrosis was scored and apoptosis index (AI) was calculated.Results Compared with group S,the concentration of serum creatinine and blood urea at T2.3,and acute kidney tubular necrosis score and AI were significantly increased in I/R,Pre and Post groups ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with I/R group,the concentration of serum creatinine and blood urea at T2.3,acute kidney tubular necrosis score and AI were significantly decreased in Pre and Post groups ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Both dexmedetomidine pretreatment and postconditioning can attenuate renal I/R injury through inhibition of cell apoptosis in rats.

Objective: To observe the effectiveness and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) plus Luohua Anshen oral liquid for patients with perimenopausal insomnia. Methods: A total of 66 participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the randomized controlled trial and allocated to a treatment group and a control group at a ratio of 1:1, with 33 cases in each group. Both groups were given Luohua Anshen oral liquid as a basic treatment. The treatment group was additionally given EA every other day, three times a week. Both groups were treated for four weeks and a four-week follow-up was conducted. The scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Kupperman index (KI) and traditional Chinese medicine sleep syndrome scale (TCMSSS) were recorded at pre- and post-treatment, and at the follow-up. Meanwhile, adverse effects were monitored and recorded. Results: After four-week treatment, the global scores of PSQI, KI and TCMSSS in both groups declined significantly (all P<0.05), and the decreases in the treatment group were more significant than those in the control group (allP<0.05). The global scores of PSQI, KI and TCMSSS in both groups at the follow-up visit were significantly different from the corresponding baseline (allP<0.05), while insignificantly different from those assessed at post-treatment (allP>0.05). The total effective rate was 93.9％ in the treatment group, significantly higher than 72.2％ in the control group (P<0.05). No significant adverse event was reported in this trial excepted one patient experienced slight dizziness in the first acupuncture treatment. Conclusion: EA plus Luohua Anshen oral liquid is safe for perimenopausal insomnia with satisfactory short- and long-term effectiveness, and it shows certain advantage compared with using Luohua Anshen oral liquid alone.