Sustained release drug delivery from microparticles is an excellent alternative for daily protein/peptide drug administration protocol. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are the most commonly used polymer carriers in the development of protein/peptide microspheres. Basically there are three preparation methods for PLA/PLGA microspheres: the solvent extraction/evaporation based multiple emulsion (W/O/W emulsion) method, the phase separation method and the spray drying method. The stability of the protein/pipetide loaded, encapsulation efficiency, and the burst effect of the microspheres are key problems usually met in the preparation of microspheres. In this review the preparation techniques and progress in the development of protein/pipetide microspheres which aimed to stabilize protein/peptide structural integrity, keep the bioactivity of drugs, increase the encapsulation efficiency and improve the release profile were summarized and evaluated.

Purpose:To explore the tumor cell responses after IFN-? gene transfer by analyzing the expression of cell surface antigen,apoptosis and the impact of cell period. Methods:We constructed IFN-? gene expression vector-pcDNA3- IFN-?, and transfected it into HeLa cell lines by Lipofectamine. The expression of IFN-??the Human Leukocyte antigen(HLA-DR) after gene transfer were measured. The apoptosis of tumor cells and the variety of cell period were also measured to investigate the anti-tumor mechanism by IFN-? gene therapy. Results:The results showed that the HLA-DR expression in Hela cell lines increased significantly(P

0.05). Conclusion This method is sensitive, accurate, stabile and is applicable to the determination of inorganic arsenic in groundwater samples.

Objective To investigate the correlation between caspase-3 and left ventricular function at different phases after ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Totally 36 wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham operation group and ischemia-reperfusion(IR)group. The rat ischemic cardiac region of IR group was taken after 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24-hour reperfusion followed to 30-minute ischemia and detected for the activity fragment of caspase-3 P20, the activity of caspase-3, myocardial apoptosis index, left ventricular function (LVF) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) respectively. Results With reperfusion time prolonging, the activity fragment of caspase-3 P20 increased, the activity of caspase-3, myocardial apoptosis index, left ventricular function and CK-MB all changed. The activity fragment of caspase-3 P20 and CK-MB peaked at 6 h, and the activity of caspase-3 and myocardial apoptosis index at 12 h, and then maintained platform; LVSP and ?dp/dt_max increased while LVEDP decreased gradually with the reperfusion time prolonging. All indexes mentioned above of IR group had statistical significance as compared with that of Sham operation group(P

Allergic rhinitis is a common disease, which was released by the IgE-mediated atopic individuals exposed to allergens in the earlier researches. However, there are variety of immunocompetent cells and cytokines involved in the nasal mucosa immunologic mechanism in nowadays researches. The mechanism of AR is caused by the imbalance of the Th1/Th2, a kind of allergic inflammation who is characterized by the nasal Th2 immune response dominant. Th1 cells mainly produce of IFN-gamma (does not include IL-4 and IL-5), Th2 cells produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 (not including IFN-gamma). Recently it was found that regulatory T cells (T regulatory cells, Treg) and Th17 cell research played a crucial role in the occurrence of allergic inflammation.
Cytokines ; immunology ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; immunology

Objective To establish a quality control method for tanshinone ⅡA in Niaotong Tablets.Methods The content of tanshinone ⅡA was determined by TLC-scanning method. Benzene-ethyl acetate(19 ∶1) was used as the developer, ?s = 470nm,?R = 620nm,SX=3.Results A linearity was obtained from 0.44?g to 2.20 ?g of tanshinone ⅡA in Niaotong Tablets (r=0.9993,n=5);the average recovery rate was 98.08 %,RSD=3.29 %.Conclusion This method is simple, sensitive and reproducible for the determination of tanshinone ⅡA in Niaotong Tablets and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of 5-O-methylvisamminol in Shufeng oral liquid.Methods The sample was extracted with methyl and HPLC method was used.The chromatographic conditions were as follows: Alltima-C18 column(150 mm ? 4.6 mm,5 ?m)with a mobile phase of methanol-water(41∶59),the detection wavelength at 293 nm and the flow rate being 1.0mL?min-1.Results A linearity was obtained from 0.12 ?g to 0.84 ?g of 5-O-Methyvisammioside in Shufeng oral liquid with a good correlation(r = 0.99998,n = 7).The average recovery was 99.8 % and RSD = 2.05 %(n = 5).Conclusion This method for determination of 5-O-Methyvisammioside in Shufeng oral liquid is simple,sensitive,specific and accurate.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells as non-hematopoietic stem cells from the mesoderm mostly come from the bone marrow, which have a stronger self-renewal ability, multilineage differentiation ability and low immunogenicity and are easy to receive the introduction of foreign genes. Therefore this kind of cells have become the research hotspot in recent years. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the latest clinical application and advancement of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in the treatment of various diseases. METHODS: PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and SinoMed (http://www.sinomed.ac.cn/zh/) databases were searched by the first author using the keywords of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, therapy to identify the relevant articles published in English and Chinese, respectively, from 2011 to 2016. After excluding repetitive, irrelevant or Meta-analysis literatures, we enrolled 49 literatures for final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Studies on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have achieved new grades in the treatment of respiratory system disease, cardiovascular disease, urinary system disease, nervous system disease, liver disease, diabetes mellitus, hematological system disease, autoimmune disease, graft-versus-host disease, motor system disease, although its application has the risk of oncogenicity. Further investigation on the oncogenicity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells will be gradually explored, aiming to a better clinical use of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective:To Study the equity of Chinese health systems performance and provide evidence for strengthening health system.Methods:Based on WHO health systems performance evaluation framework,the provincial data of expanded pilots under the national health service investigation and relative concentration index (RCI) were used to study the inequality of Chinese health systems performance from regions,income and education,etc.Results:The RCI values were lower than 0.1 on health status and satisfaction dimensions.The RCI of financial risks protection was higher than 0.2,which was at a respective higher level.Conclusion:The health performance of people with lower education and wealth were fragility and these people usually with health shocks.Therefore,the national and regional government should pay more attention on vulnerable group and provide more healthcare management and security support.

Objective To Study on the immune function of Cedar pollinosis.Methods The radioimmunosorbent test was used to measure IgE and the nephelometry was used to measure serum IgG,IgM,IgA,C3 and C4 levels.Results Total IgE leve in the patients serum was obviously higher than that in the control group,the serum IgG,IgM levels were also higher than those of control group,but the IgA level was no evident difference between two groups,and the serum C3 and C4 levels were lower than that of the control group.Conclusion Combination of a rising serum IE,IgG,IgM and a decreasing serum C3,C4 levels may be a diagnostic marker of cedar pollinosis,periodical determination of immune function for patients with cedar pollinosis could dynamic observe the change of the patients' condition.