Sudden cardiac arrest is one of the critical clinical syndromes in emergency situations. A cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a necessary curing means for those patients with sudden cardiac arrest. In order to simulate effectively the hemodynamic effects of human under AEI-CPR, which is active compression-decompression CPR coupled with enhanced external counter-pulsation and inspiratory impedance threshold valve, and research physiological parameters of each part of lower limbs in more detail, a CPR simulation model established by Babbs was refined. The part of lower limbs was divided into iliac, thigh and calf, which had 15 physiological parameters. Then, these 15 physiological parameters based on genetic algorithm were optimized, and ideal simulation results were obtained finally.
Algorithms ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Electric Impedance ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Leg ; Models, Cardiovascular

· Mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs ) are a population of multipotent stem cells with various neurotrophins from bone marrow which are widely used in tissue, cell repair and alternative research.Recently, some researches have shown that MSCs could enhance the viability of neurons under a pathological circumstance by secreting some neurotrophins. So the neuroprotection of MSCs can provide a new method of the treatment on retinopathy that it possible to promote cells survial and functional recovery.Here we make a brief review on the secretory function of neurotrophin and neuroprotective effects of MSCs on retinal cells and its application in the treatment of retinal disease.

With the development of the thoracic surgery, clinicians are paying more and more attention to acute lung injury (ALI) following thoracic surgical procedures. Many factors may cause ALI during the operation. This review updates recent researches on the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of the ALI in thoracic surgical procedures.

Objective To study the expression changes and profiles of nuclear structure and biogenesis-related genes in rat liver regeneration(LR). Methods Genes involved in nuclear structure and biogenesis were obtained by data collection and literature review.The gene expression changes during LR were checked by Rat Genome 230 2.0 array,and LR-related genes were identified by comparing gene expression difference between partial hepatectomy(PH) and sham operation(SO) groups.Results 406 genes were found to be LR-related.The numbers of initially and totally expressed genes occurring in the forepart(0.5-4 hours after PH) of LR,the prophase(6-12 hours after PH),the metaphase(12-66 hours after PH),and the anaphase(72-168 hours after PH) were 200,29,179,5 and 374,290,1?876,603,respectively.The numbers of their up-regulation and down-regulation were 1?224 and 496 times.The elevated transcription levels occur red to the nuclear organization and biogenesis-involved genes in the prophase and the metaphase of LR and to the nuclear membrane,nuclear matrix and nucleoplasm-involved genes in the metaphase;nuclear chromosome,nucleolus and nuclear functional protein complex-involved genes were up-regulated in the metaphase and the anaphase.Conclusion The expression of nuclear structure and biogenesis-related genes was active during LR,and it was tightly related with LR.

Objective To discuss the procedural problems and solution correlatively of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy of spinal diseases,with simultaneous evaluation of the safety and clinical application.Methods Sixty-eight cases with spinal diseases were taken CT-guided percutaneous biopsy under local anesthesia and CT guidance,including 9 in cervical spine,19 in thoracic spine,28 in lumbar spine and 12 in sacral spine.The program of carrying out the procedure was decided according to the site,approach route of the lesion with the destination of sampling,under CT guidance.Results The successful rate of needle puncture was 100%(68/68)with diagnostic accuracy of 92.6%(63/68),and false-negative rate of 7.4%(5/68),together with complications rate of 5.9%(4/68).Conclusions CT-guided vertebral biopsy is safe,reliable,less complication,high accuracy and together with clear demonstration of the position of puncture needle and the complex anatomic structures nearby,providing basic information for further clinical treatment and worthy to be recommended.

Objective We aimed to translate the English version of Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) into Chinese and test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PDI in terminal stage patients.Methods Totally 285 patients in terminal stage was recruited and investigated by the Chinese version of PDI.Results The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of PDI ranged from 0.728 to 0.953,which was ＞0.70; split half coefficient was 0.561; the test-retest reliability was 0.824,which showed that internal consistency of Chinese version of PDI was good.The content validity index was 0.912.Factor analysis got five factors,which explained 62.172％ of the total variance; the factor loading of each item was ＞0.4.Conclusions The Chinese version of PDI has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of dignity in terminal stage patients.

Objective:To establish a system for quantitatively measuring alveolar bone density and to test its precision and validity. Methods: With the aid of computer technique, the system measured the average gray level intensity of regions of interest (ROIs) on standardized exposed direct digital periapical radiograph. To correct the variation resulting from exposure condition, an aluminum stepwedge was exposed simultaneously. By referring the image of aluminum stepwedge on each radiograph the equivalent aluminum thickness(EAT)and corrected gray level intensity(CGL)of the ROIs could be calculated as indicators of alveolar bone density. Nineteen specimens containing different amounts of hydroxy-phosphorite were radiographed. The precision of the system was tested by repeatedly measuring 2 of the specimens. The set of specimens was exposed under two different exposure time in order to test the system's validity to correct the gray level difference caused by different exposure time. Results: After repeated measurement of specimens, we found the Relative Standard Deviation(RSD) of EAT and CGL was between 0.83%-2.15%; At the level of 95%, if the difference of EAT between the two ROIs was larger than 0.05 mm or the difference of CGL was larger than 3, the content of hydroxy-phosphorite in them was different; The two sets of data during different exposure time were processed with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, and the result showed effective correction of the variation caused by different exposure time. Conclusion:The precision and validity of the quantitative alveolar bone density measuring system are acceptable. The system can be used to compare alveolar bone density longitudinally and cross-sectionally.

Objective: To explore the gender difference of defensive style in Chinese college students. Method; Meta-analytic method was used to calculate 15 group data in 13 studies from 1990 to 2009, to test whether there were differences between male and female college students in three defensive styles and image distorting factor. Results: The d-values of immature defense style, mature defense style, and intermediate/neurotic defense style were -0.08 (95% CI : -0.12～ -0.04), -0.01 (95% CI: -0.05～ -0.03), and -0.05(95% CI: -0.09～-0.01) respectively. And the d - value of image distorting factor was 0.07 (95% CI: -0.02 ～0.15) . Conclusion: There is no gender difference in the defensive styles in Chinese college students.

Objective To determine the relationship between preoperative plasma D-dimer level and the lymphnode metastasis characteristics in colorectal cancer patients.Methods A total of 106 patients with colorectal cancer were studied in order to evaluate this relationship.Their preoperative plasma D-dimer levels were measured.Results were correlated with the clinicopathological findings.Results Significantly different plasma D-dimer levels were found with respect to histologic N(P ＜ 0.001).The number of lymph node metastases was found to have the strongest association with D-dimer level among the significant clinicopathologic factors (Spearman rank correlation,P ＜0.001).The most useful cutoff of the plasma D-dimer levels for diagnosis of lymph node metastasis was determined to be 0.4 μg/mL.Conclusion Plasma D-dimer levels can help assess lymph node metastasis in patients with eophageal cancer and should be measured preoperatively.