Objective To establish a LC-MS/MS assay for simultaneous determination of 25 psychotropic drugs in human blood and apply the method to analyze the relationship between(driving under the inference of drugs, DUID)and traffic violations. Methods Acetonitrile was added to the sample for precipitating the protein, the mixture was centrifuged for 10min at 4℃ , 14000r/min, the supernatant was filtered, and then the filtrate was analyzed with LC-MS/MS. The separation was performed on C18 chromatography column (50mm×3.0mm, 2.6μm), the mobile phase was consisted of 0.1% formic acid (phase A), acetonitrile:methanol=1:1 (phase B) with gradient elution. Results The calibration curves for 25 psychotropic drugs were linear over the ranges of 0.05~20ng/mL, R=0.9944~0.9996, the assay recoveries were 83.0%~99.7%, the method recoveries were 80.2%~97.4%, the intraday and interday precious were 1.6%~14% and 3.1%~14% respectively. The method was applied to analyze 3140 human samples stored by Center of Forensic Sciences of Hangzhou. Conclusion The method is sensitive and accurate for fast detection of 25 psychotropic drugs in human blood.

With rapid and efficient drug release, few side effects and excellent biodegradable properties, the reduction-sensitive carriers is not only the new hot point in the field of pharmaceutical research, but also the most promising intelligent drug carrier on clinical application. This paper reviews the latest research of reduction-sensitive drug and gene carriers, including the mechanisms of drug release and the synthesis of the reduction-sensitive conjugates, reduction-sensitive nano polymer micelles, nano vesicles, nano hollow microspheres, nano liposomes, as well as the characteristics and advantages of various kinds of carrier system. It will provide a theoretical basis for its further application.

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin 18 (IL-18) in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and its clinical significance.Methods Totally 172 CHB patients admitted in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2012 to December 2012 were enrolled.The tissue specimens were obtained by liver biopsy from all patients,and 22 normal liver specimens were also collected as controls.Liver function,serum markers of HBV and HBV DNA load were measured and liver inflammation grades and fibrosis stages were assessed.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of IL-18 in liver tissues.Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlations between IL-18 expression and the above indicators.Results IL-18 was mainly expressed in cytoplasm of liver cells.It was positive or strong positive in liver cells of healthy people,but weakly positive in liver cells of CHB patients.The difference of IL-18 expression between CHB patients and healthy people was of statistical significance (x2 =42.124,P ＜ 0.05).In CHB patients,the expression of IL-18 was gradually enhanced with the increasing of ALT,inflammation grades and fibrosis stages (r =0.182,0.173 and 0.068,P ＜0.05),but it was not correlated with HBV DNA load and HBeAg (r =-0.05 and 0.041,P ＞0.05).Conclusion In CHB patients,the expression of IL-18 may be involved in liver injury and fibrosis formation.

Objective:To investigate the demographic characteristics and the causes for pulmonary hypertension (PH) in adult patients.Methods:A total of 2 508 adult patients diagnosed as PH,who came from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2010 to December 2014,were retrospectively investigated.All subjects underwent the clinical diagnosis,or the echocardiographic diagnosis,or thetraditional hemodynamic criteria by right heart catheterization (RHC).The patient's data including hospital numbers,gender,ages,primary diseases,etc,are collected and analyzed.Results:In this study,the number of patients diagnosed as PH was increased year by year.The median age of 2 508 patients was 47 (18-93) years old,and there were 933 males (37.2％),the ratio of male to female was 1:1.69 (P＜0.05).Female was more common in Class Ⅰ PH (pulmonary arterial hypertension) and Class Ⅱ PH (pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease)(＞70％),but there were more male patients (74.5％) in Class Ⅲ PH (pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases and/or hypoxia).In our study,896 cases (35.73％) were the Class Ⅰ PH,1 163 cases was the Class Ⅱ PH (46.37％),411 cases was the Class Ⅲ PH (16.39％),and the Class Ⅳ PH (chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension) and the Class Ⅴ PH (PH with unclear and/ or multifactorial mechanisms) were diagnosed in 32(1.27％) and 6 patients (0.24％),respectively.The diseases with largest number of patients for the top 7 primary PH were rheumatic heart disease (1 090,43.48％),congenital heart disease (692,27.60％),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (358,14.28％),connective tissue related disease(156,6.22％),valvular heart disease (66,2.63％),idiopathic PH (46,1.83％) and pulmonary embolism (27,1.08％).Conclusion:Adult PH patients' peak incidence age is 41-50 years old.This disease is more common among women,and the Class Ⅰ/Ⅱ PH are common in women while the Class Ⅲ is more common in men.Rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease may be the most common cause for pulmonary hypertension in China,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the most common cause for the Class Ⅲ PH,in which the patients are old.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the utilization status and developing trend of drugs in Chengdu area. METHODS:Data regarding the drug variety,consumption quantity and sum of money in 16 hospitals of Chengdu area between 2001 and 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS:The drug consumption sum in 16 Hospitals of Chengdu area from 2001 to 2006 increased by 19.56%,27.19%,17.84%,15.08% and 10.40%,respectively,assuming an downtrend. Among the top 14 chief drug categories on the list of consumption sum,the sequence of anti-infective agents,cardiovascular agents,antineoplastic agents and nervous system agents experienced no obvious changes. CONCLUSION:The drug utilization in Chengdu area tends to be rational and standard.

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical constituents in antioxidant activity part of Semiaquilegia adoxoides. METH-ODS:The antioxidant activity part of S. adoxoides were isolated and purified by chromatography on silicagel and Sephadex LH-20 column,and compound structures were identified physicochemical properties and spectral data analysis. RESULTS:Nine com-pounds were isolated from the antioxidant activity part of S. adoxoides,namely magnoflorine (1),griffonilide (2),salidroside (3),ferulic acid(4),genistein(5),2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid(6),chlorogenic acid(7),caffeic acid(8)and p-coumaric acid (9). CONCLUSIONS:The study confirms the active material basis in antioxidant activity part of S. adoxoides for the first time.

AIM and METHOD:To determine the production of nitric oxide(NO) and change of NO synthase(NOS) activity in mitochondria isolated from the rat brains of the ischemia/reperfusion rat model produced by transient occlusion of middle cerebral artery on the following the points: 2 h after occlusion of artery and 30 min, 2h, 4h after reperfusion. RESULTS: After the occlusion of middle cerebral artery, the respiratory control rate(RCR) of mitochondria significantly decreased and slightly increased at 4h after reperfusion. Meantime, the production of NO in mitochondria increased significantly. But with the increase of perfusion, production of NO gradually decreased and reached normal level as in the control group. It also shows that cerebral ischemia increased NOS's activity significantly in the mitochondria and still kept a higher level than the control group although it decreased gradually after reperfusion. But the iNOS's activity did not show obvious change. The change of total NOS's activity depends on the change of cNOS's activity. CONCLUSION: The activation of NO/NOS system in the mitochondria might play an important role in the reperfusion injury during reperfusion of ischemic brain.

Objective To investigate the protein expression of cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 and their correlation in human gastric carcinoma.Methods The protein expression of COX-2 and MMP-2 was determined by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues and adjacent cancerous tissues (3 cm and 6 cm away from tumor margin) of 30 patients with gastric cancer,and in gastric mucosa of 10 healthy individuals.Results Expression of COX-2 was found in cancer cells of 26 out of 30 cases (86.67%),which was significantly higher than that in normal control (0 of 10,P

Objective To observe the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on c-fos gene expression in spinal cord neurons of rats after tractive spinal cord injury. Methods The animal model of SD rats with tractive spinal cord injury was established through tracting T_ 13-L_2 spine longitudinally with a special spinal tractor that was put on parapophysis of T_ 12-L_3 vertebrae after exposing T_ 13-L_2 spinal cord via dual laminectomy, meanwhile spinal cord function was monitored by cortical somatosensory evoked potential (CSEP). Forty model rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, the bFGF treatment group (n=20) with bFGF injection into the subarachnoid cavity and the control group (n=20) with saline injection. Five SD rats without any treatment served as normal control. The c-fos gene expression was detected with immunohistochemistry and analyzed quantitatively with image system of computer. Results The c-fos gene expression in tractive spinal cord injury was higher than that in normal control group, especially increased markedly in damaged neurons. The peak value of c-fos gene appeared in 2 h after the injury, but c-fos level in the bFGF treatment group was lower evidently than that in the control group at the different sacrificed time (P

Objective The existing Quality Standards for Qianliean Capsules lack the quantitation control item and therefore cannot completely reflect the quality of the preparation .This study aimed to establish the methods for qualitation and quantitation of Qianliean Capsules . Methods Thin-layer chromatography ( TLC) was used for the qualitative identification of Radix Salviae miltior-rhizae, Rhizoma curcumae, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis in Qianliean Capsules .The content of hesperidin was determined by high-per-formance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) , and the method of determination was systematically evaluated . Results TLC spots were clear with a strong specificity .The content of hesperidin showed a good linear relationship within the range of 11 .56-310 .00μg/mL (r=0.999 5), with a mean recovery rate of 99.55% and relative standard deviation of 1.93%. Conclusion The qualitation and quantitation methods we established were simple , accurate and reliable , with a good reproducibility , and can be used for the quality control of Qianliean Capsules .