Objective To study the chemical constituents in the root of Baccaurea ramiflora.Methods Various chromatographic techniques were used to separate and purify the constituents.The structures of the compounds were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses(UV,IR,ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,Dept90,Dept135,1H-1H COSY,1H-1H NOESY,HMQC,HMBC).Results A new compound was isolated and idertified.Conclusion This compound is a novel compound and named as epidihydrotutin.

Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiology of GJB2 mutations as a causative effect of prelingual deafness in northwestern China. Methods The medical history of 274 deaf-mute students was collected. Blood samples were obtained from them with informed consent. GJB2 gene sequences of genomic DNAs were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a pair of primers, and bidirectional sequencing of PCR products was performed and analyzed with DNAStar Software. Results A total number of 274 deaf-mute students were diagnosed as non-syndromic hearing impairment, and profound prelingual deafness. Two kinds of polymorphism, seven pathologic mutations and one novel mutation were revealed in the GJB2 screenings of them, and 79G→A and 341A→G were polymorphism with high frequency. Conclusion GJB2 gene mutation is the causative gene in the prelingual deafness with a high incidence of 10.95% in northwestern China. Based on the investigation, it is clear that screening of GJB2 gene mutation should play a significant role in early diagnosis of deaf-mutism in this region.

Adult ; Female ; Foreign-Body Migration ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; pathology ; Pharynx

This paper reviewed the researches of TCM syndromes of rheumatoid arthritis in the past four years.The author believed that more and deeper epidemiological surveys are needed for studying rheumatoid arthritis and hence to improve its clinical effects.

Objective To study the effects of wedelolactone on the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and to explore the multi-drug resistance reversing mechanism of wedelolactone in K562/A02 cells in vitro.Methods The half maximal inhibitory concentration of ADM in K562/A02 was determined by MTT method.The protein expression level of P-gp was determined by Western blot after wedelolactone pretreatment.Results Wedelolactone remarkably enhanced chemo-sensitivity to ADM of K562/A02 cells.After 0.2, 2, 20 μmol/L different concentration of wedelolactone treatment in 24 h, the relative reversal efficiency of K562/A02 to ADM was 23.5％, 47.1％ and 67.7％, respectively.according to the results of Western blot, wedelolactone was shown to efficiently inhibit the expression of P-gp (P＜0.05).The relative efficiency of K562/A02 to ADM was 25.4％,46％ and 55.6％, respectively.Conclusion Wedelolactone could modulate P-gp expression, and P-gp expression down regulation may be one of the MDR reversal mechanisms in K562/A02 cells by wedelolactone.

Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. The elimination of Oncomelania snails is the key technique step for schistosomiasis control. This paper summarizes the progress of the techniques of snail control，including the methods of ecology engineering，biology，molluscicides and the study on novel molluscicides，and reviews their features. In addition，this paper explores the appropriate approach to control the snails.

Objective Androgen receptor ( AR) is extensively expressed in breast cancer and influences the proliferation of the malignant cells.Our study aimed to investigate the effect of AR on estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Methods ER-positive MCF-7 breast cells were exposed to various concentrations of agonist dihydrotestosterone ( DHT) or antagonist bicalutamide or left untreated .Then the proliferation and apoptosis of the cells were determined by MTT assay , cell counting , and flow cytometry , and the expressions of the proteins related to cell cycle regulation were detected by Western blot . Results The relative gray value of AR was significantly increased in the DHT group (1.055 ±0.020) but decreased in the bicalutamide group (0.705 ±0.010) as com-pared with the blank control (0.795 ±0.020) (both P<0.05).Flow cytometry showed that the early apoptosis rate of the breast cancer cells was markedly higher in the DHT group ([51.20 ±0.312]%) but lower in the bicalutamide group ([2.410 ±0.367]%) than in the blank control ([3.540 ±0.375]%) (both P<0 .01). In comparison with the control group , the expressions of the p53, p73 and p21 proteins in the MCF-7 cells were remarkably up-regulated in the DHT group but down-regulated in the bicalutamide group ( both P<0.05). Conclusion AR inhibits the proliferation of ER-posi-tive breast cancer cells , which suggests that it may be a potential ther-apeutic target for ER-positive breast cancer .

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of other-infectious diarrhea (OID) in Shaanxi Province from 2006 to 2015 to further clarify the prevention and control strategies.Methods We collected data from the Infectious Disease Report Information System in China for Disease Prevention and Control and made a statistical description of the epidemiological characteristics of incidence distribution in Shaanxi from 2006 to 2015.Results Totally 207 437 cases of other-infectious diarrhea were reported in Shaanxi Province during 2006 -2015,with the average yearly incidence rate of 52.43/105.The incidence number was higher in males (126 673 cases) than in females (80 764 cases),with male-female ratio of 1.57 ∶ 1.The diseases were most serious in age groups 0-and 1-4 years,accounting for 72.48％.The top-three careers of reported cases were scattered children (74.88 ％),farmers (10.75 ％) and students (5.75 ％),respectively.The cities with the highest incidence in Shaanxi Province were Baoji,Yan'an and Ankang.Two high-incidence seasons were summer (July to August) and winter (November to December).The main pathogen of viral diarrhea was rotavirus,but laboratory-confirmed proportion was low (4.60％).Conclusion Other-infectious diarrhea,especially infection caused by rotavirus in autumn and winter,mainly occurred in children younger than 5 years old.Etiological diagnosis should be strengthened because of the poor laboratory diagnosis reporting rate.

ABSTRACT:In the present study ,we aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins between induced worms (the infec‐ted mice were treated intragastrically with ED50 PZQ) and uninduced worms (control group) for clarifying the mechanism of PZQ .ED50 PZQ was used to administrate mice that were infected with S .japonicum via intragastric incubation for consecutive‐ly 30 days .Twenty‐one days later ,mice were sacrificed after treatment with 200 mg/kg PZQ for continuously five days ,and the male worms were obtained and some of them were subjected in DMEM medium with different concentrations of PZQ in vitro for 16 hours .Then the worms were washed twice and incubated in PZQ‐free medium for 72 hours .Compared with control group ,the induced worms had lesser sensitivity to PZQ .The survival rate of induced worms was 75 .6% in vitro when the con‐centration of PZQ was 112 mol/L (the concentration was 8 times of uninduced worms Lethal Concentration ) ,significantly higher than that in the uninduced worms (11 .1% ,P<0 .05) ,showing obviously tolerance .The other induced and uninduced worms were acquired and collected for 2D‐DIGE and MALDI‐TOF‐MS ,and combined with bioinformatics to analyse the func‐tion of the identified protein .Thirty differential expression proteins were confirmed between induced and uninduced worms ,in‐cluding 12 proteins up‐regulated and 18 proteins down‐regulated .These proteins respectively ascribed to cytoskeleton‐associat‐ed protein ,glucose and energy metabolism enzymes ,stress proteins ,thioredoxin peroxidase enzymes ,and other protease .Up‐or down‐regulation of these differential proteins indicated that PZQ promote or inhibit the expression of some specific genes . These findings may help to clarify the mechanism of PZQ ,simultaneously ,providing a scientific basis for exploring new vaccine candidate antigens and targets for drug therapy .

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in the treatment of recurrent endometriosis after conservative surgery or conservative surgery combined with medical treatment. Methods Twenty-three patients with recurrent endometriosis after conservative surgery or conservative surgery combined with medical treatment were treated by LNG-IUS. All patients rejected further operation and had no desire of fertility. The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores of pain, menstrual model, weight and serum CA125 level and the volume of ovarian endometriotic cysts before and after 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of treatment were recorded and compared. Results ( 1 ) VAS score:after 12 months of using LNG-IUS, dysmenorrheal, chronic pelvic pain or dyspareunia were relieved significantly. VAS score were dropped from 5.9 ± 2. 3,4. 3 ± 2.0 to 1.0 ± 0. 7,1.4 ± 1. 1 ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). ( 2 )Volum of cysts :after 6 months of using LNG-IUS, the volume of recurrent ovarian endometriotic cysts in 11 patients were reduced from ( 11.4 ± 6. 1 ) em3 to ( 5. 5 ± 3.4 ) em3 significantly ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). At 12 months of follow-up, it suggested that 2 patients' ovarian endometriotic cysts disappeared. At 24 months follow-up,9 patients ovarian endometriotic cysts disappeared ( 3 ) CA125: serum CA125 decreased from ( 65.5 ± 19. 6 )kU/L to (42. 1 ± 13.6) kU/L at 6 months after treatment remarkably (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Continued to decrease after 12 months and then become steady. Irregular bleeding and spotting was the main side effects, weight gain was also observed in few patients. Conclusions LNG-IUS could be used in treatment of recurrent endometriosis after conservative surgery or conservative surgery combined with medical treatment effectively. It could relieve pain, reduce the level of CA125 and decrease the size of ovarian endometriotic cysts. LNG-IUS seems to be an effective, safe, and long term treatment for endometriosis with fewer side effects and better compliance.