Objective To evaluate the prevalence of low back pain in Chinese nurses.Methods We searched PubMed,Springer,OVID,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP databases for relevant studies.Pooled estimates were summarized by meta-analysis.Results The pooled low back pain prevalence for all studies was 72％(65％～79％).We also obtained the estimates according to different study characteristics,such as working department,seniority,study published year and study quality.Conclusions The incidence of low back pain of Chinese nurses is high.The problem is more serious among nurses working in ICU,the longer the working years,the higher incidence of low back pain.

Objective To investigate the evolution of nonspecific manifestations of pulmonary function in elderly people.Methods Retrospective analysis of the data of nonspecific pulmonary function(NSPF) on the initial PF testing in elderly people from the same PFT apparatus in Beijing Hospital were collected from January 2004 to December 2012.All the patients with complete clinical data and reexamination at least one time were enrolled into this analysis.NSPF was defined as normal FEV1/FVC and TLC combined with a decreased FEV1 or FVC or both.All the patients with complete clinical data were divided into blocking group,restricted group,NFSP group and normal group according to their PF.The comparison was performed among these groups.Kaplan-Meier was used for analysis of the turnover and outcome of elderly NSPF patients,log-rank test was used for comparing the difference of turnover and outcome and COX regression was used for analyzing single and multiple factors of different turnover and outcome.Results Overall 59 patients were diagnosed as NSPF,with male:female ratio of 52:7,the average age of(71.8 ± 8.8)years and at a median follow-up of 4 years.The statistically significant differences in age,sex,body mass index(BMI),smoking status,both the clinical manifestations and chest CT performance at first visit and during the following-up were not found among the groups(all P ＞0.05).The pulmonary functions of NSPF patients were transformed into an obstructive pattern(19.6 ％),into a restrictive pattern(7.6 ％)and into a normal pattern(8.8 ％) in 4 years cumulative incidence rate,with statistically significant in differences(x2 =7.411,P =0.024).An invariant pulmonary function in NSPF patients accounted for 64.0％ in the most,and the second was obstructive ventilation function disability.Monomial and multinomial Cox regression analysis showed that emphysema and bulla in the initial CT scan was the predictor of the change to the obstructive pattern from NSPF during follow-up(HR=4.325,P=0.045),age was the predictor of the change to the restrictive pattern(HR=1.143,P=0.020).And pleural thickening and disappearing of pleural effusion were the predictor of change to the normal pattern (HR =8.889,P =0.018) respectively.Conclusions Most NSPF in elderly people could exist consistently.Obstructive pattern is the maximal likelihood of NSPF changing to the other pattern.Emphysema and bulla in the initial CT scan is the predictor of the obstructive pattern.The change is related with emphysema and bulla in the initial CT scan.

Objective To investigate the biological activity of cytokine-induced killer(CIK)cells in vitro.Methods Lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood in leukemic children were induced with interferon-?(IFN-?),anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody(CD3McAb)and interleukin-2(IL-2)and co-cultured with dendritic cells(DC)to generate DC-CIK cells.The morphology and immunophenotype of these cells were determined by electron microscopy and flow cytometry,respectively.Cytotoxicity of DC-CIK cells against leukemia cell lines was measured by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.Interleukin-12(IL-12),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?)levels released by DC-CIK cells were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results Induced DC-CIK cells were regular,round and transparent with variable cell volume and cellular aggregation.At the 0th-4th day,its amplification was very slow,and it increased quickly at the 5th-8th day,it reached its peak amplification at the 9th-10th day,at approximately 100-fold.The main effector cells in this population were CD3+CD8+ cells and CD3+CD56+ cells.DC-CIK cells were cytotoxic to B95 cells,K562 cells and HL-60 cells,with the highest cytotoxicity towards B95 cells.The expression levels of IL-12 and TNF-? in supernatant were very high.Conclusions DC-CIK cells induced with cytokines displayed powerful amplification and strongly killing activities in vitro.It suggested that DC-CIK cells induced with cytokines may play killing activities through Th1 pathway in vitro,as a result of high secretion of Th1 cytokines,such as IL-12 and TNF-?.

Objective To study the relationship between apoE alleles and the occurrence of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD) and to compare the alleles relating to the SAD and the vascular dementia (VD). Methods The polymorphism of apoE gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR RFLP) technique for 58 patients with SAD, 59 patients with VD and 60 normal controls. Results The frequencies of the ?4 and 3/4 genotype in SAD group(19 82% and 25 86%)were significantly higher than those in the controls(5 00% and 6 67%, ? 2=13 87, P 0 05). Conclusions The apoE ?4 allele is a genetic risk factor for the occurrence of SAD.

Objective: To study relationship among ambulatory pulse pressure (PP), pulse pressure index (PPI) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in aged patients with hypertension. Methods: The 24h ambulatory blood pressures of 159 subjects were measured, and their ambulatory PP [(mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) - mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP)] and ambulatory PPI (ambulatory PP/mean SBP) were calculated. Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure carotid IMT. Relationship between ambulatory PPI and carotid IMT was analyzed. Results: Pearson correlation analysis indicated that carotid IMT was correlated with age (r=0.353), mean SBP (r=0.594), mean DBP (r=-0.355), ambulatory PP (r=0.855) and ambulatory PPI (r=0.883), P<0.001 all. Multivariant gradual regressive analysis indicated that carotid IMT possessed significant linear correlation with ambulatory PP and ambulatory PPI (R2=0.789), and standardized regression coefficient β of ambulatory PPI (β=0.621) was higher than that of ambulatory PP (β=0.284). Conclusion: Ambulatory pulse pressure index and ambulatory pulse pressure are good indicators for evaluation of carotid arteriosclerosis, and value of ambulatory pulse pressure index is more than.

Animals ; Camptothecin ; pharmacology ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; immunology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Sarcoma, Experimental ; immunology ; Transplantation, Isogeneic

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on allergic rhinitis and its influence on the patients' quality of life. Method Seventy-two patients with allergic rhinitis were allocated, according to different protocols, to control and observation groups, 36 cases each. The control group received conventional Western drug treatment and the observation group, acupuncture and moxibustion. Both groups were treated for three consecutive months. The effects were evaluated after the completion of treatment. VCAM-1, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF. The clinical therapeutic effects and the influences on the patients' quality of life were compared between the two groups. Result The total efficacy rate was 97.2％ in the observation group, which was higher than 86.1％ in the control group (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant pre-treatment differences in VCAM-1, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, VCAM-1, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 levels decreased in both observation and control groups compared with before (P<0.05) and were lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environment and independent ability scores increased in both observation and control groups compared with before (P<0.05) and were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion has a definite therapeutic effect on allergic rhinitis. It can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors and improve the patients' quality of life.

Objective To study the expression of phosphorylated myosin light chain kinase(P-MLCK) in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cell(HPAEC) induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Methods HPAECs were cultured in vitro and treated with LPS(2 ?g/mL) and normal saline for 1 h,respectively.Immunofluorescence method and western blotting were used to detect P-MLCK. Results Compared with normal saline group,the number of HPAECs decreased,but the morphology of cells did not change.After treatment of LPS for 30 and 60 min,the expression of P-MLCK in HPAEC increased from 0.41?0.05 to 0.82?0.43 and 1.56?0.07,respectively(P

Objective To explore the practical ways on establishing fine course of oral and maxillofacial surgery effectively. Methods Relying on the advantages of the discipline,great efforts had been made in step-by-step enhancement of the quality of teachers,teaching contents,teaching methods and administration. Results Through the establishing of fine course,we could improve the curriculum system,enhance the force of education team,and improve the quality of education. Conclusion Establishing fine course of oral and maxillofacial surgery depends on the environment of sharing educational resources,adjusting the curriculum system and establishing an excellent educational team.