Objective To compare the consumption of the drugs for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in patients with different blood groups. Methods One hundred female ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients, aged 30-50 yr, body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2 , scheduled for elective total hysterectomy or myomectomy, were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the blood group: group A ( n= 25), group B ( n = 30), group AB ( n = 11 ) and group O ( n = 34). Patients received iv injection of flurbiprofen 30 min before the end of surgery and sufentanil at the end of surgery. PCIA with sufentanil 1.2 μg/ml ( bolus dose 2.0 ml, background infusion 0.5 ml/h, lockout interval 5 min) was performed when the VAS score ≤4. The loading dose and consumption on 1 st and 2nd day after operation for sufentanil were recorded. The adverse reactions were observed.Results The loading dose and consumption on 1st day after operation for sufentanil were the highest in group A and B, the second in group AB, and the lowest in group O among the 4 groups. Conclusion The consumption of the drugs for PCIA is different in patients with different blood groups.

Objective To investigate the MRI characteristics of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS),and to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis.Methods The clinical and MRI data of 4 cases with LGESS confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.All cases underwent conventional MRI scans.Results All 4 cases had enlarged uterus in different degrees. The average diameter of lesions was 9 cm (range from 5 cm to 12.1 cm).Uterine cavity masses were found in 3 cases,all of which were solid masses and invaded into myometrium exhibiting disconnection or disappearance of the connection band of uterus,and one of which involved the bladder and right ureter,oviduct and ovary.The solid tumors in 3 cases showed isointensity on T1 WI and slight hyperin-tensity on T2 WI,1 of which was heterogenous with dilated vascular void signal in the inner and peripheral portion.In addition, myometrial mass was found in 1 case,which was cystic with septum and clear boundaries.The cystic tumor showed hypointensity on T1 WI and hyperintensity on T2 WI with hypointensive internal septum.There were 3 cases accompanied with uterine leiomyoma, and 1 case with pelvic lymph node metastasis.Conclusion Most of endometrial stromal sarcomas are located in uterine cavity,a few in myometrium.The tumors are solid,few can also show cystic,showing invasive growth into myometrium.The manifestation of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma has a certain characteristics on MRI,which is low or iso-signal intensity on T1 WI and high signal intensity on T2 WI,the signal intensity may be heterogeneous,so MRI can provide help for the correct diagnosis of the disease.

Objective: To observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture plus TDP for treating functional dyspepsia Methods: Sixty cases of functional dyspepsia were treated with electroacupuncture plus TDP, and another 60 cases were treated with Domperidone as a control. Results: After 10 treatments, the curative rate in treatment group was 33.3%, with a total effective rate of 91.7%. While in control group, the curative rate was 13.3%, with a total effective rate of 66.7%. There were significant differences between the two groups (P＜0.01,P＜0.001). Conclusion: Electroacupuncture plus TDP had the better therapeutic effect in treating functional dyspepsia.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of exploratory behaviors on depression-like rats treated with sleep deprivation,and the mechanism of the point of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).Methods30 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal group,depression group and deprivation group,and the depression model of rats were established by chronic unpredictable stress.At the day of 6th,12th,18th,24th the deprivation group was deprived sleep for 24h by the method of multi-platform water environment,and then all groups were on the open-field test.The approach of immunohistochemistry and retrovirus polymerization chain reaction measured BDNF expression level in the hippocampal neurons.ResultsThe four open-field test scores of the day of 6th,12th,18th,24th indicated that the scores of deprivation group was a low-to high trend,and at the open-field test of the 24th day was significantly different compared with depression group(P ＜0.01 ),while no significant difference was found compared with the normal group (P ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with depression group( gray level:108.53 ± 4.45,positive area rate:0.0747 ± 0.0262 ),BDNF protein expression was significantly higher in the hippocampal neurons of deprivation group( gray level:116.00 ±5.61,positive area rate:0.2034 ± 0.0352 ) (P ＜ 0.05 ),while there was no significant difference in normal group ( gray level:117.27 ±10.66,positive area rate:0.2252 ±0.1143 ) (P＞0.05 ).Results of RT-PCR were in accord with that of immunohistochemistry.ConclusionSleep deprivation can improve the exploratory behaviors of depressive rats and the mechanism may be related to the increasing concentration of BDNF in hippocampal neurons.

Objective To observe the effects of dorsiflexion ankle foot orthotics (d-AFO) on pelvic control of hemiplegic patients by analyzing the time-space gait parameters and 3D pelvic motion parameters.Methods Fifteen hemiplegic patients (14 male and 1 female) were enrolled in this study.The time-space gait parameters and pelvic 3D motion parameters were collecte with a Motion Analysis System while the patients were asked to walk under 3 conditions:wearing d-AFO (5°dorsiflexion),f-AFO (0°dorsiflexion) or barefoot.Results It was found that,while wearing d-AFO,the velocity,the paralyzed step length and the nonparalyzed step length were significantly increased,and the step width was significantly decreased when compared with those while walking barefoot (P ＜ 0.05).Comparison between wearing d-AFO and f-AFO showed that the sagittal and coronal plane inclinations,but not the transverse rotation of pelvis were significantly decreased when wearing the d-AFO (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions d-AFO can significantly improve pelvis control and increase gait stability in hemiplegic patients.

Objective To develop an alignment technique based on the movement of body gravity center. Methods As join forces in the system of balance is zero, the position of body gravity center can be calculated by body gravity which is taken from weight sensors, by the special software. Meanwhile, the position of body gravity will be sent to control unit, which can be transformed to driving signal of motor. The sliding table with laser, linked to motor, can make pursuit movement following with body gravity. A precise alignment can be made as the movement of body gravity. The balance function test is also used to make an assistant estimate for the alignment. Results and Conclusion An alignment technique has been developed for the fit of prosthesis and orthotics.

With the development of natural products, the research activities on the solubilization methods of water-insoluble natural products have been carried out worldwide. Big molecular weight and poor solubility of most natural active ingredients lead to a very poor oral absorption and low bioavailability, which has extremely limited their development in pharmaceutical fields and clinical application. As a result, it is necessary to find out a suitable technique to improve the solubility and enhance the oral bioavailability of insoluble natural drugs. Based on the related references published in these years, this review introduced some new techniques to improve the solubility and bioavailability of natural drugs, including prodrugs, inclusion complex, solid dispersion, cocrystals, osmotic pump, liquisolid compacts, micronization, self-microemulsifying, nanosuspensions, lipsomes, polymeric micelles and so on, and summarized the theory, characteristics, application range, application examples, problems and development direction of each technique.
Administration, Oral ; Biological Availability ; Biological Products ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Water

Objective: To compare the contents of saikosaponin a, d and total flavonoids in different parts of Hollow bupleurum to provide reference for the clinical use of medicinal parts.Methods: The determination was performed on a SHIMADZU Inertsil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)column.The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water with the ratio of 40∶60, and the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1.The detection wavelength was 210nm, the column temperature was 40℃, and the injection volume was 10 μl.A colorimetric method was used to detect total flavonoids with the detection wavelength of 500 nm.Results: The calibration curve of Saikosaponin a, d and total flavonoids showed a good linear relationship respectively over the range of 0.21-1.26 mg·ml-1(r=0.999 6),0.25-1.51 mg·ml-1(r=0.9997) and 4.00-25.00 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 6).The average recovery was 99.27%(RSD=2.15%, n=6),99.4%(RSD=2.14%,n=6)and 99.03%(RSD=1.34%,n=6), respectively.The content of saikosaponin a and d respectively was 0.31% and 0.50% in the root, while that in the other parts was low.The content of total flavonoids was as high as 8.48% in flowers, and that in leaves, stem and root reduced in turn.Conclusion: The aerial parts of Hollow bupleurum are rich in flavonoids, and the content of saikosaponin in root is higher, therefore, the whole plant with root is more reasonable in the clinical use.

BACKGROUND: The full three-dimensional finite element model can not only establish a realistic three-dimensionalmodel, but also can simulate the osteotomy on the model. Analysis of biomechanics guides the clinical operation.OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of ankylosing spondylitis kyphosis and provide an effective digital platform for further studies.METHODS: A 30-year-old male patient with ankylosing spondylitis kyphosis participated voluntarily in the current study. CTimages obtained from CT transverse scanning from C1 to the sacrococcyx were imported into Mimics 17.0 software toestablish a three-dimensional geometric model of the posterior spine. The geometric model was then imported into Studio Geomagic 2013 software. For the subsequent optimization of image processing, the posterior spine convex geometry wasestablished on the three-dimensional geometric model. We used Unigraphics NX 8.5 to establish the spinal kyphosis surfacemodel, then added modeling of calcification of the ligaments, partial resection of useless sacral bone, and finally, imported themodel into ANSYS 15.0 finite element analysis software, then added the ligaments and set the parameters of the material,generating a complete three-dimensional finite element model of ankylosing spondylitis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A three-dimensional finite element model of complete ankylosing spondylitis wassuccessfully established. Using the ten-node approach, we generated 398370 tetrahedral elements, and 668538 nodes.This will provide a reliable digital platform for the next step of biomechanical analysis.

Objective To investigate whether overexpression of VHL can inhibit the growth and metasta-sis of colon cancer .Methods Adenovirus vectors containing VHL were used to overexpress VHL protein in vitro and in vivo.The proliferation,apoptosis and migration of colon cancer cells CT 26 were examined in vitro.The ex-pressions of related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis .Subcutaneous and liver metastasis of colon cancer models were established and the therapeutic effects were evaluated .Results Overexpression of VHL pro-tein inhibited the proliferation and invasion of CT26,and promoted the apoptosis of CT26 via the regulation of COX-2,Bcl-2 and MMP-9.Overexpression of VHL protein inhibited the growth of subcutaneous colon cancer and liver metastasis in vivo .Conclusion Overexpression of VHL protien can inhibit the growth and metastasis of colon cancer ,and enhance the apoptosis of colon cancer ,indicating that VHL can be used as a potential target for colon cancer therapy .