Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the male urinary system as well as the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening is the main method for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer, but has a low specificity for its detection. In recent years, a variety of tumor markers with high sensitivity and specificity have been found. This review focuses on some of the more promising tumor biomarkers such as prostate cancer antigen 3, early prostate cancer antigen, prostate-specific membrane antigen, alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase, and vascular endothelial growth factor.
Antigens, Neoplasm ; blood ; Antigens, Surface ; blood ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Early Detection of Cancer ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; blood ; Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Proteins ; blood ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Racemases and Epimerases ; blood ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Fistula ; surgery ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; surgery ; Infection ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyroglossal Cyst ; surgery ; Young Adult

Near infrared spectra in the range of 11501.4 ～ 6047.7 cm- 1 were used for simultaneously determination four oestrogens and progestogens: estradiol, estriol, medroxyprogesterone acetate and estrone. Constant offset elimination data pretreatment and partial least square regression method were used to resolve the spectra overlap of the four substancesas well as the tetrahydrofuran solvent. 100 samples were taken as the calibration set getting a correlation coefficient of 0. 99. The relative deviations for prediction samples were < 5 %. Some measuring factors influencing regressive accuracy like moistrue, temperature and dissolvent were discussed.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcome before and immediately after implementation of fast track surgery protocol on patients with gastric cancer.Methods One hundred and thirty patients with gastric cancer in our hospital underwent an elective,uncomplicated,open gastric surgery before (Traditional care group,n =65) and immediately after implementing fast track surgery (Fast track surgery group,n =65).Postoperative food and fluid intake,mobilization,length of hospital stay,and clinical outcome were recorded and analysed,and a interview-based assessment was performed on days 14 and 30 postoperatively.Results Patients implemented fast track surgery were associated with a significantly earlier resumption of mobilization and oral fluids and normal diet,shorter duration of intravenous infusion compared with traditional care patients 0.3 (0-1) d vs 3.3 (2-4) d,0.2(0-1) d vs 3.5(3-4) d,3.3(3-4) d vs 5.6(5-6) d,3.4(3-4) d vs 5.2(5-6) d; P=0.000,respectively.Postoperative hospital stay was also shorter in fast track surgery group 6.6 (6-8) d vs 8.6 (8-9) d ; P =0.000.Instrumental activities of daily living decreased in both groups on day 14,but significantly more in the traditional care group,despite having a higher preoperative instrumental activities of daily living level compared with the fast track surgery group 5.0 (3-6) vs 3.0 (3-5),4.0 (3-6) vs 3.0 (3-5) ; P =0.000,respectively.Preoperative fatigue score was not different between two groups,but the fatigue score was significantly increased on day 14,and returned to normal value on day 30 in the traditional care group 2.0 (1-5) vs 3.0 (1-5),2.0(1-5) vs 2.0(1-6) ; P =0.005,P =0.065.Total length of sleep on day 14 was increased significantly in the traditional care group,but not changed in the fast track surgery group compared with preoperative value 9.0 (6-11) vs 8.0(5-10) h,8.0(5-11) vs 8.0(6-10) h; P=0.000,P=0.327.Conclusions A fast track surgery protocol can lessen postoperative stress reactions and enhance recovery for patients with gastric cancer undergoing an elective,uncomplicated,open resection.

Objective To investigate the effects of different thickness of cell culture dishes on fluorescent image with confocal microscope.Methods The fluorescent staining experiments of live cells and fixed cells were used to determine the differences among three dishes with different thickness coverslips of 0.085～0.13 mm,0.13～0.16 mm and 0.16～0.19 mm,while the cell appearance,fluorescence lightness and mean of fluorescence intensity were studied with confocal microscope.Results Demonstrated by the results of cytoskeleton staining experiments,the dish with 0.13～0.16 mm thickness coverslip was the best choice for confocal microscope,the dish with 0.16～0.19 mm thickness coverslip was the second one,the dish with 0.16～0.19 mmthickness coverslip was the last one.ConclusionThe dish with 0.13～0.16 mm thickness coverslip is the best choice for confocal microscope.On this type of dish,the cytoskeleton is unfolding and clear after staining.The intensity of fluorescence is the strongest,and the imaging effect is the best.

Objective To investigate the correlation between angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) gene polymorphism and kawasaki disease(KD).Methods A 287 bp Alu fragment in intron 16 of the ACE gene was used as insertion(I)/deletion(D) polymorphism marker. The ACE genotype of 28 children (10 children complicated coronary dilataltion) with KD and 35 healthy controls were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and ACE concentration in blood serum was measured by ultraviolet-spectrophotometer assay.Results 1.The ACE concentration was significantly higher in KD group than that in healthy control group(P

2 cm) who were treated with endoscopic polypectomy in 2 different means,respectively.Methods The clinic data of 68 children with giant colonic polyps were review analyzed.Thirty-five cases were received endoscopic clips ligation and the other 33 cases were received endoscopic snare resection.Results All the 35 cases out of endoscopic clip ligtion group were sucessfully cured.There were only 3 cases showedl a little bleeding in this group.In the endoscopic snare resection group,there were 10 cases showed bleeding,8 cases showed polypectomy syndrome,1 case transferred into(operation).Conclusions The complication incidence in endoscopic clips ligation group is lower than that in endoscopic snare resection group.The endoscopic clipping brings about an effective and safe way to treat giant colonic polyps in children.

Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Vitamin K Deficiency ; complications ; drug therapy

Objective To investigate the effect of radiotherapy combined with interventional therapy on the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with advanced cervical cancer.Methods 62 cases of cervical cancer collected in the first people’s hospital of jingzhou city during January 2009 to February 2014 were randomly divided into two groups.The patients in group A were treated with radiotherapy, and the patients in group B were treated with radiotherapy combined with interventional therapy.The level of vascular endothelial growth factor in two groups after treatment was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay.Results The level of vascular endothelial growth factor of group A was ( 241.77 ±85.86 )μg/L, significantly higher than ( 124.66 ±65.86 )μg/L of group B.The level of vascular endothelial growth factor was related with cervical deterioration degree, tumor stage and lymph nodes metastasis (P<0.05),not with the patient’s age, and the size of the tumors.The level of vascular endothelial growth can reflect the clinical efficacy of patients after therapy (P<0.05).Conclusion Vascular endothelial growth factor level has a close relationship with the degree of deterioration of cervical cancer, tumor staging, lymph node metastasis and the curative effect after the interventional therapy.

Objective To assess the role and its tecnhique superiority of 64-slice spiral CT angiography(CTA) in lower limb arterial diseases.Methods MSCT studies in 33 cases suspected diseases of lower limb arteries was performed,the helical scans covered the extent of renal artery to the artery of the lower extremity.3D reconstruction of vessel was done in Wizard workstation.The manifestations of MSCTA were compared with that of conventional angiography . Results Of the 693 segments of arteria , 683 were assessable on both DSA and CTA.Using the DSA images as the standard reference,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of CTA were 97.6%(95% CI,94.9%~100.7%),98.9%(95% CI,98.0%~99.8%),98.7%(95% CI,97.9%~99.5%)in detecting the segments occluded . With the regard the detection of segments that had more than moderate stenosis , the sensitivity , specificity and accuracy of MIP were 98.9% ( 95% CI , 97.4%~100.4%),99.4%( 95% CI, 98.7%~100.1%) and 99.3%(95% CI, 92.4%~99.9%).Conclusion In assessment of diseases of lower limb arteries with 64-slice spiral CT angiography is equal to DSA basically, it is a highly accurate and non-invasive angiography in diagnosing arterial diseases of the lower extremities.