Objective To evaluate the factors of influence on the prognosis and survival rate in patients of primary hepatic cellular carcinoma(HCC) after interventional therapy.Methods 258 cases of HCC were treated with interventional therapy,the data of these cases and the survival rate were analysed.Results The prognosis in patients with HCC was relation to the hepatic function,therapeutic methods and accumulation of iodized oil by analysis of Cox Regression.The cumulative survival rate was different in HCC with different pathological type,different grade of hepatic function,with or without tumor embolus in portal vein,different cumulation of iodized oil and different therapetic methods,there was significance in statistics between most of them.Conclusion Cox Regression model can be used to analyse synthetically the factors that significantly affected the survival period in the patients with HCC.

Objective To characterize the systolic torsion in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by velocity vector imaging(VVI).Methods Eighty-seven subjects were studied using VVI:27 patients with DCM and 60 healthy control subjects.Left ventricular short-axis acoustic images were acquired at base and apex levels.The rotation angle and rotation velocity of endocardium and epicardium were measured.Results LVEF of DCM group was significantly lower than that of control group ( P＜0.01).The basal and apical rotation angle, rotation velocity were significantly lower in DCM group.The endocardial and epicardial rotation angle, rotation velocity were also significantly lower in DCM group than those in control group (P＜0.01).Conclusions VVI is a rapid and noninvasive tool to quantitatively assess cardiac torsional deformation in DCM patients,which providing another useful modality for evaluating cardiac function.

Objective To investigate strain and strain rate of right ventricular(RV)based on twodimensional image by velocity vector imaging in normal subjects.Methods Thirty-two healthy adults were rolled in this study.Echocardiographic images in 4 chamber view were analyzed by conventional manual tracing for volumes and ejection fractions,which were also measured by velocity vector imaging.Myocardial velocity,strain rate,and strain were determined at the basal,mid,and apical segments of the RV free wall and ventricular septum by velocity vector imaging.Results RV ejection fractions obtained with manual tracing correlated strongly with the same indexes obtained by velocity vector imaging method in all subjects(r=0.91,P＜0.01).The strain and strain rate value of middle segment and basal segment in RV free wall were higher than those of apical segment.There were same trend in ventricular septal.The strain and strain rate of middle segment and basal segment in RV free wall were higher than those of homologous segments in ventricular septal,but the indexes of apical segment in free wail and septal had no difference.The strain and strain rate in RV were not correlated with age.Conclusions Velocity vector imaging could accurately and quantitatively assess the strain and strain rate of RV.

Objective To investigate the resistance of Staphylococcus to erythromycin and clindamycin and detect the percentage and gene for inducible resistance. Methods Disk diffusion method was used to test the resistance phenotype of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcus according to the standards of NCCLS. The inducible resistance of erythromycin to clindamycin was checked by D-test and the gene for erythromycin ribosome methylase was detected by polymerase chain reaction.Results Co-resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin accounted for 62.7% and 54.8% in MRSA and MRCNS respectively. D-test positive rate was 17.7% among all Staphylococcus tested. The rate of inducible resistance to clindamycin (D-test positive) was 67.6% and 45.3% in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus which possessed erythromycin resistant and clindamycin sensitive by individual disk diffusion test. The predominant gene for inducible resistance was ermC with the percentage of 74.5%.Conclusion The inducible resistance of erythromycin to clindamycin in Staphylococcus should be checked by D-test in clinical microbiology laboratory in order to help physicians to select MLSB antimicrobial agents correctly.

OBJECTIVE To analyze distribution of the pathogens of catheter-related bloodstream infection ( CRBSI ), and provide doctors with the laboratory evidence of CRBSI diagnosis. METHODS A retrospective analysis of CRBSI pathogens′ distributions from 261 inpatients whose catheter culturing was positive in General Hospital of PLA from Jan 1, 2002 to Aug 31, 2004 was done, and from which true cases of CRBSI were judged and true pathogens or contaminants were identified and counted. RESULTS There were 88 (33.72%) patients diagnosed as CRBSI among 261 cases. They were from intensive care unit (41), surgical department (22), medicine (12), the old patients ward (10), and pediatric ward (3). The first four by rank order of the CRBSI pathogens were Acinetobacter baumannii (15.9%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (14.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 11.4% ), and Candida albicans (9.1%). The prominent contaminants were as follows: coagulase-negative staphylococci , Streptococcus pyogenes, Micrococcus and Gram-positive rods. CONCLUSIONS To get a better understanding about distribution of CRBSI pathogens will help its diagnosing as early as possible.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the erectile and ejaculatory function of sacral tumor patients after sacral nerve root resection and investigate the relationship of erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction (EED) with the level of sacral nerve injury.

METHODSThis retrospective study included 47 male patients aged 16 to 63 (32.6 +/- 6.8) years treated by sacral tumor resection between January 2008 and August 2013. According to the levels of the sacral nerve roots spared in surgery, the patients were divided into four groups: bilateral S1-S3 (n=16), unilateral S1-S3 (n=21), unilateral S1-S2 (n=6), and unilateral S1 (n=4). The patients were followed up for 12 to 41 (27.2 +/- 10.9) months by questionnaire investigation, clinic review, and telephone calls about their erectile and ejaculatory function at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery and in August 2013.

RESULTSIn the bilateral S1-S3 group, the incidence rates of EED were 31.25% (5/16), 25% (4/16), and 12.5% (2/16) at 3, 6, and 12 months respectively after surgery, with recovery of erectile and ejaculatory function in August 2013. The incidence rates of EED in the unilateral S1-S3 group were 85.71% (18/21), 71.43% (15/21), 52.38% (11/21), and 42.86% (9/21) at 3, 6 and 12 months and in August 2013, respectively; those in the unilateral S1-S2 group were 100% (6/6), 83.33% (5/6), 83.33% (5/6), and 66.67% (4/6) at the four time points; and those in the unilateral S1 group were all 100% (4/4). No statistically significant differences were found in the incidence rate of EED among the patients of different ages or tumor types (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe incidence of postoperative EED in male patients treated by sacral tumor resection is closely related to the mode of operation. Sparing the S3 nerve root at least unilaterally in sacral tumor resection is essential for protecting the erectile and ejaculatory function of the patient.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ejaculation ; physiology ; Erectile Dysfunction ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Sparing Treatments ; Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Sacrum ; Spinal Nerve Roots ; injuries ; surgery ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Humans ; Metals ; Microwaves ; adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To establish mild cognitive dysfunction (MCI) models in elderly rats,and to investigate the pathophysiological features.Methods Totally 40 SD rats (14 to 18-month-old) were randomly divided into 2 groups:the model group (n=20) and the sham operation group (n=20).Bilateral carotid artery stenosis was prepared in the model group while bilateral carotid artery was seperated with no bilateral narrowing in the sham operation group.30 days after the operation,Morris water maze test was performed,pathomorphological and electron microscopic observations of the cerebral tissue were examined and the expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2(GRK2) in hippocampus tissue w detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blottin.Results The mortality in model group was only 10％.Pathological morphology and ultrastructure showed that hippocampal tissue structure was almost normal in sham operated group,but in model group group,hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells were in ischemic demyelination,arranged loose,and part of the cells showed nucleus pyknosis,deeply stained; there was no obvious infarct in white matter,part of the white matter fiher hecame thinner and disorder,nucleolus became smaller and steped aside,cytoplasmic electron density increased,lipofuscin appeared occasionally.Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi were expanded,cytosolic free ribosomes increased,part of mitochondria became swelled,vacuolated.Morris water maze test results showed that the average escape latency in model group was longer than in sham group (P＜0.05).In spatial probe test,the average time of crossing the first original platform in model rats was significantly longer than the sham operated group [(36.80±7.68) s vs.(20.87±6.16)s,P＜0.05].The average number of crossing the original platform in 60 seconds in model group was significantly less than in sham group(1.43±0.51 vs.3.10±1.45,P＜0.05).The expressiones of GRK2 mRNA and protein in the hippocampus were significantly increased in model group rats than in sham group (P＜0.05).Conclusions The model of severe CCA stenosis in elderly rats can be applied for MCI animal models with good stability and repeatability.Compared with sham group,the cells morphology and ultrastructure in model group appeare more obvious pathological changes and mild impairments in cognitive function.GRK2 may play an important role in the development of MCI.

Objective To explore the difference of four calculating methods used to determine the obesity. Methods Two thousand four hundred and forty six (2446) men and three hundred and seventy nine (379) women were measured height and body mass, Standard body mass, BMI, body fat ratio and obesity index(OI) were calculated with formula. According to the BMI≥ 25 kg/m2 , BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 and BMI≥28 kg/m2, the obese adults were 1419,680 and 435 respectively;there were 649 adults that their body mass was over 20％standard body mass; there were 639 adults that their body fat ratio was over 25％(male)and 33％(female). Results For obesity determination, the adults who were 20％overweight and over standard body fat ratio were significantly different from those whose BMI were over 25 kg/m2 ( P＜0. 05 ) ;Those who were 20％overweight and over standard body fat ratio were not significantly different from those whose BMI were over 27 kg/m2 ( P＞0.05 ) ; Those who were 20％overweight and over standard body fat ratio were significantly different from those whose BMI were over 28 kg/m2 ( P＜0. 05 ). Conclusion Determining obesity with BMI≥27 kg/m2 is feasible and rational.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of the nigrosomes-1 region in the substantia nigra at 3.0 T with enhanced gradient echo T2 star weighted angiography(ESWAN), and to explore its clinical value in the evaluation of Parkinson disease (PD). Methods Fifty-four patients diagnosed with PD (PD group), and 51 non-PD volunteers (N-PD group) were scanned with 3.0 T ESWAN, who had selected randomly. The widths of the typical high signal correspondence with the nigrosomes-1 region (a), the width at the middle of the substantia nigra (b) and the width of the banded high signal of which the oval structure were not displayed (c) were measured and collected. The result of reclassification performed by 2 physicians were compared with clinical gold standard. Specificity and sensitivity were calculated; Eleven outpatients with clinically suspected PD but undiagnosed (UD group) were continusouly selected. They received the same scanning and were performed with imaging diagnosis according to the conclusions of previous studies, then compared the imaging diagnosis with the final clinical diagnosis. Results In non PD group, hyperintensity of nigrosomes-1 were shown in 49 cases (96.1%) in bilateral or unilateral of the SN, the hyperintensity were shaped as“drop”, wedge or oval and the average size (a/b) was (0.31 ± 0.07)mm approximately; PD group, all 54 cases (100.0%) of the oval rear the“drop”were completely disappeared. The sensitivity of the loss of the hyperintensity of nigrosomes-1 for the diagnosis of PD was about 100.0%(54/54)and the specificity of it was about 96.08%(49/51). In UD group, 7 cases with the“drop”completely missed and 1 case with smaller“c”were clinically proven to PD, 2 cases with the typical hyperintensity and 2 case with larger“c”were proven to Parkinson plus syndrome. Conclusions The nigrosomes-1 typical hyperintensity in PD patients' substantia nigra on the 3.0 T ESWAN are disappeared. There may be an effective method for PD and Parkinson's plus syndrome identification that by analyzing of the presence or absence of the typical hyperintensity and its size in the patients with symptoms of PD.