Objective To establish a normal lumbar spine 3-dimensional(3D) finite element model(FEM) and discuss the biomechanics of the lumbar motions. Methods A geometrical model was constructed on the basis of a healthy adult male's lumbar CT image.The lumbar spine FEM was established by finite element analysis software.After setting the boundary and loading the burden,the lumbar spine's range of motion and stress distribution in different institutions such as anterior flexion,posterior extension,left or right bending and axial rotating were recorded. Results The lumbar spine FEM included 114 953 tetrahedron units.The results of the FEM matched the results of the in vitro experiment of biomechanics. Conclusion The lumbar spine FEM can imitate the motions of the lumbar spine.

Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Cell Cycle ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Gene Expression ; radiation effects ; Mutation ; radiation effects ; Recombination, Genetic ; radiation effects ; Yeasts ; cytology ; genetics ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVE:To evaluation of the efficacy and safety of azithromycin in the treatment of acute infections METHODS:A randomized controlled multicenter clinical study was used to compare the clinical efficacy of azithromycin(200mg q d for 3～5 days) with erythromycin(500mg b i d for 5 days) RESULTS:The cure rate,effective rate,and bacterial clearance rate were 76 7%,95 0%,and 94 3% respectively for azithromycin group and were 48 3%,76 7%,and 77 4% respectively for erythromycin group with a side-effect incidence of 10 0% for azithromycin group and 39 3% for erythromycin group CONCLUSION:Azithromycin is superior to erythromycin in clinical efficacy,safety and side-effect incidence

Objective To study the relationship between renal morphology and renal function,and to assess the value of CT as a criterion to grade renal function.Methods Enhancement CT were performed in 89 patients with no local renal disease whose split renal glomerular filtration rates(GFR)were measured by renal dynamic imaging with ~(99)Tc~m-DTPA.The 178 kidneys were divided into normal renal function,mild and severe renal impairment groups according to renal function.Differences between three groups respect to the mean thickness of renal cortex and parenchyma were assessed by ANOVA.Using Pearson's correlation test,the correlation between the renal cortex,parenchyma thicknesses and renal GFR were examined.The value of CT in predicting renal function was assessed by using ROC analysis.Results The renal cortex thicknesses of normal renal function,mild and severe renal impairment groups were(5.9?1.1),(4.6? 1.1),and(3.3?1.0)mm respectively,and the renal parenchyma thicknesses were(26.3?4.2), (21.3?4.6),(16.2?4.6)mm.There were significant differences of renal cortex,parenchyma thicknesses between 3 groups(cortex F=54.78,P

Two parental strains BY-14 and BY-6,with high leavening ability in lean and sweet dough respectively,were selected.Through spore production and separation,two haploids with opposition types were selected for cross-breeding.At last one hybridization strain was obtained,with good fermentation ability as BY-14 in lean dough and better than BY-6 by 25%in sweet dough.

0.05); serum HBsAb levels of pregnant mice and neonatal mice in group with CpG-1826 (20 ?g)+hepatitis B vaccine significantly higher than those in group with CpG-1826 (10 ?g, 40 ?g)+ hepatitis B vaccine,hepatitis B vaccine and control respectively(P0.05).Conclusions Combination injection of CpG-1826 20 ?g and hepatitis B vaccine can markedly increase serum antibody levels of pregnant mice and neonatal mice, but don′t affect the survival quantity, the growth and development of neonatal mice.CpG-1826 is an ideal immune adjuvant for neonates with immature immune system during pregnancy.

Objective To study the relationship of urine RBC morphology between UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument andphase contrast microscope.Methods The UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument to analyze 500 urine specimens and study the relation-ship of urine RBC morphology between urine sediment analytic instrument and phase contrast microscope.Results The according perceptionof Normocytic,Microcytic and Non-classified RBC between phase contrast microscope and UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument RBC-info are 91.4%,94.4%,83.3% respectively,the according perception between phase contrast microscope and RBC-P70Fsc are 94.9%,95.7%,94.7% respectively,and the according perception between phase contrast microscope and RBC Fsc-DW are 84.4%,86.8%,90.5% respectively,the specificity of UF-100 and phase contrast microscope in glomerular hematuria and non-glomerular hematuria are84.3%,88.1% and 83.3%,87.9% respectively.Conclusion The results show that the UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument issimply operating,fast and high accurate,and which can instruct clinical dignose,therapy and prognosis judgement.

OBJECTIVEto study the change of the airflow patterns inside the maxillary sinus that influenced by uncinate process.

METHODSTwo kinds of cadavers were used, one had a normal uncinate process and the others had an out-gressin uncinate process. The airflow patterns inside the maxillary sinus were compared between them. Also compared were the airflow patterns inside the maxillary sinus before and after the excision of the uncinate process.

RESULTSThe airflow patterns inside the maxillary sinus in cadavers with a normal uncinate process exchanged actively. The smoke easily entered the maxillary sinus and could be found easily. It entered in the maxillary sinus with a whirlpool form. It cost about (11.4 +/- 1.4) s till the smoke dissipated from the maxillary sinus. On the other hand, in cadavers with an out-gressin uncinate process, the airflow patterns inside the maxillary sinus exchanged inductively. The smoke entered in the maxillary sinus and could be observed, but it was less than that in cadavers with a normal uncinate process. The form of the smoke could not be judged. It cost (24.2 +/- 1.6) s till the smoke dissipated from the maxillary sinus. The airflow patterns inside the maxillary sinus became inactive after the excision of the uncinate process in all kinds of cadavers.

CONCLUSIONSThe normal uncinate process permits the physiological commutation of air inside the maxillary sinus.

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyse the data of patients with suspected primary aldosteronism (PA) during the last five years.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) in screening primary aldosteronism.MethodsThe clinical data of ARR in supine and upright positions were collected in 590 patients with suspected during January 2006 to August 2010.There were 357 patients diagnosed as primary aldosteronism and 233 patients as essential hypertension among these patients.100 patients with suspected primary aldosteronism took the upright and random ARR during September 2010 to April 2011 ; Among these patients,29 patients were diagnosed as primary aldosteronism and 71 as cases of essential hypertension.ROC curve was made to retrospectively define the method and the cut-off value of the supine,upright or random ARR.ResultsThe area under the curve(AUC) of the supine ARR in the 590 patients who took the supine and upright ARR during January 2006 to August 2010 was 0.838 (0.805-0.867 ) and the AUC of the upright ARR was 0.873 (0.843-0.899 ).There was significant difference between these two AUC readings (P＜0.01 ).The AUC in the upright ARR of the 100 patients who took the upright and random ARR during Septeuder 2010 to April 2011 was 0.962 (0.928 -0.995 ) and the AUC of the random ARR was 0.944 (0.893-0.994 ).There was no significant difference between these two AUC readings (P＞0.05).The upright ARR cutoff value with 400 ( pg · ml-1 )/( ng· ml-1 · h 1 ) yielded a sensitivity of 91.9％ and a specificity of 64.2％ to diagnosis of PA.ConclusionUpright ARR value was more suitable in the screening test than supine ARR value.Random ARR showed similar effect as the upright ARR.In our research,under strict control of the drug,position and detection time,ARR value with 400 ( pg · ml-1 )/( ng· ml-1 · h-1 ) can be the cutoff point in screening the suspcctcd PA patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of chemokine CCL18 on the proliferation and invasion of a human melanoma cell line A375. Methods Human peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from healthy volunteers, cultured in vitro and divided into two groups to be induced by IL-4 for 48 hours or remain untreated. A375 cells were classified into 3 groups to be cultured with IL-4-induced monocytes, untreated monocytes or CCL18 of 200 g/L for various durations. A375 cells receiving no treatment served as the control.MTT assay was performed to detect the proliferation of A375 cells, chemotaxis test and Matrigel-transwell assay to evaluate the chemotaxis and invasion ability of A375 cells, and chicken chorioalllantoic memebrane (CAM)was used to detect the effect of CCL18 on tumor angiogenesis. Results The proliferation of A375 cells was statistically accelerated by IL-4-induced monocytes and untreated monocytes, but unaffected by CCL18.Matrigel-transwell assay revealed that IL-4-induced monocytes and CCL18 promoted the chemotaxis and invasion ability of A375 cells (all P＜0.05). Tumor angiogenesis was also increased by IL-4-induced monocytes and CCL18 (both P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The chemokine CCL18 can promote the invasion ability of A375 cells and tumor angiogenesis.