[Objective] To observe the effect of Zhuyun Decoction on immune sterility rats.[Method] Set up groups of normal saline,model,Zhuyun Decoction and prednisone,make models of every group by injecting subcutaneously suspension of sperm and Fu's adjuvant,etc.into female SD rats along the groin,NS into normal saline group.After 4 weeks,the groups of normal saline and model take NS,Zhuyun Decoction for Zhuyun Decoction group,prednisone for prednisone group.After 2 weeks,they are closed together with male ones.Before the first immune and 1 week after strengthened immune,take blood and measure AsAb with ELISA method,measure the immune integral of IgG and IgA in uterus tunica intima with SABC method;meanwhile,compare the pregnant rats and average nidation points in all groups.[Result] In the Zhuyun Decoction group,the pregnant rats and nidation points are much more that other groups;Zhuyun Decoction can reduce IgG and IgA integral in uterus tunica intima.[Conslusion] Zhuyun Decoction has definite effect on immune sterility rats,whose mechanism may be related with regulation of IgG and IgA integral in uterus tunica intima.

BACKGROUND: There are currently many cryopreservation methods for the aminotic membrane, which have varying effects on the ultrastructure and biological activity of amniotic membrane, but on no one is effective.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of different cryopreservation methods on the ultrastructure and viability of aminotic membrane and to seek the ideal cryopreservation method.
METHODS: Aminotic membrane separated from the fresh placenta was preserved respectively with deep-frozen cryopreservation and vitrification, and everyway was run for 3 and 6 months. Fresh aminotic membrane was used as control. The ultrastructure of aminotic membrane was observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the viability of aminotic membrane was assessed by microcomputer analysis system for biological oxygen consumption, and immunohistochemical staining combined with image analysis system was used for lactate dehydrogenase activity.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 3 and 6 months of crypreservation, the damage to the ultrastructure of aminotic membrane by vitreous cryopreservation was slighter than that of amniotic membrane cryopreserved at-80℃. Compared with the fresh aminotic membrane, the gray value of lactate dehydrogenase and partial pressure of oxygen were significantly decreased in the cryopreserved aminotic membrane by deep-frozen cryopreservation at 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05) and by vitreous cryopreservation at 6 months (P < 0.05), but there was no statisticaly significant difference in the change rate of oxygen partial pressure and the gray value of lactate dehydrogenase between the fresh aminotic membrane and the cryopreserved aminotic membrane by vitreous cryopreservation at 3 months. The present study led to the conclusion that vitreous cryopreservation protocol alows to not only maintain the integrity of AM, but also to preserve the viability of the cels. So the vitreous cryopreservation is superior to the deep-frozen cryopreservation for cryopreservation of aminotic membrane.

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of surgery for chronic subdural hematoma assisted by rigid neuroendoscope and its surgical techniques. Methods Clinical data of 161 patients with chronic subdural hematoma from August 2009 to December 2015 was analyzed retrospectively. 74 of them experienced surgeries assisted by rigid neuroendoscope (endoscope group) and other 87 cases were operated without neuroendoscope (routine group) during the same period. Results Although there were significant difference in operative duration between the two groups, complications, ratio of total removal of hematoma after surgery, postoperative inpatient duration and recurrent rate of hematoma were more advantageous in endoscope group. The operative duration of endoscope group with (112.68 ± 34.86) min was longer than that of routine group with (74.11 ± 28.23) min (t = 7.75, P = 0.000), while the postoperative inpatient duration of endoscope group with (8.23 ± 2.01) d was shorter than that of another group with (10.79 ± 5.02) d (t = -4.12, P = 0.000). There were no surgical associated complications in endoscope group, but 1 patient in routine group experienced intracerebral hematoma of frontal lobe and associated aphemia. Total removal of hematoma was confirmed in endoscope group with 98.65% (73/74), which was higher than that in routine group with 86.21% (75/78) (χ2 = 8.34, P = 0.004). Hematoma recurrence was found in 16 cases of routine group (18.39%), but more superiority in endoscope group with 1.35% (χ2 = 12.29, P = 0.000). Outpatient follow-up was carried out in all patients from 6 to 38 months with an average duration of 30.06 months. In 17 cases with recurrent hematoma during follow-up, 15 of them were cured by a second surgery, and another 2 patients were cured by atorvastatin. Conclusion As a simple, safe and effective technique, the application of rigid neuroendoscope during surgery for chronic subdural hematoma is more advantage than routine surgery. A self-made suction with adjustable soft curved tip is suitable for such procedure.

OBJECTIVETo research on the main pattern of hepatic cells death during hepatic ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury in cirrhotic rat.

METHODSCirrhotic rat model was established by carbon tetrachloride replication. These rats were randomly divided into sham operation group and I/R group. In the I/R group, 70% i/R injury model was established and then the liver samples were taken 0, 1, 6, 24, and 48 hours after reperfusion. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, Na+ - K+ ATPase, and Ca2+ ATPase were compared. the percentage of apoptotic/oncotic hepatic cells was measured with flow cytometry, and the changes in hepatic cellular structures were observed under transmission electron microscope.

RESULTSCompared with the sham operation group, the levels of serum AST and ALT significantly increased in the I/R group (P < 0.05), reaching their peak levels at the 6th hour. The activities of Na+ - K+ ATPase and Ca2+ ATPase dramatically decreased one hour after reperfusion and then gradually recovered (P < 0.05). Hepatic cells mainly suffered oncosis at the early stage after reperfusion (within 6 hours); at the late stage (around 24 hours after reperfusion), apoptosis became the main death pattern.

CONCLUSIONOncosis is the main pattern of hepatic cells death during I/R injury in cirrhotic rat, and the severity of hepatic injury correlates with the oncosis.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; physiopathology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; blood ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo improve the diagnostic accuracy of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver by analyzing its findings by helical CT multiphase scanning.

METHODSA retrospective analysis of the plain scanning and dynamic enhanced scanning helical CT findings was conducted in 20 pathologically verified FNH cases.

RESULTSOn plain CT scans, the FNH lesions appeared as heterogeneous or homogeneous hypodense areas. In the arterial phase, all lesions were vigorously and homogeneously enhanced except for the central scar and lesions in 1 case. In 6 cases, tortuous and dilated arteries were seen in the center or peripheral of the lesion in 16-slice spiral CT. In the portal venous phase and delayed phase, the lesions were slightly hyperdense, isodense or slightly hypodense. Central scar was found in 13 cases, which showed late enhancement. Atypical findings included multinodular FNH in 2 cases, pseudocapsular enhancement in 2 cases, calcification in 1 case, and necrosis in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONMultiphase helical CT scanning can fully display the pathological and blood supply characteristics of FNH and improve the differentiation of FNH from other malignant hypervascular tumors.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia ; diagnostic imaging ; Hepatic Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Liver ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

To observe the effects of Panax Notoginosides (PNS) on up-regulation of AP-1 family transcription factors NF-E2, c-jun and c-fos for exploring intracellular signal pathway of PNS in hematopoietic cells, four human hematopoietic cells lines including myeloid HL-60, erythroid K562, megakaryoid CHRF-288 and Meg-01 were incubated in the presence of PNS for 14 days. The nuclear protein of cells were extracted and analyzed by Western blot with antibodies against NF-E2, c-fos and c-jun. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed by using (32)P labeled AP-1 consensus oligonucleotide which contains binding site for NF-E2, c-jun and c-fos. The results showed that the transcription factors NF-E2, c-jun and c-fos of AP-1 family could be induced by PNS. Western blot demonstrated that the nuclear protein of both NF-E2 and c-jun in four cell lines treated by PNS were increased by 1.5-2.5- and 2.0-3.0-fold over untreated cells respectively. The c-fos protein in three cell lines of K562, CHRF-288 and Meg-01 was also elevated by 2.0-3.0-fold respectively, while c-fos protein in HL-60 cells was no detectable difference after PNS treatment. EMSA results in four cell lines indicated that AP-1 binding activity initiated by PNS was apparently elevated to form higher density band of AP-1-DNA complex. In conclusion, the intracellular transcription regulation initiated by PNS was involved in transcription factors NF-E2, c-jun and c-fos of AP-1 family members, which could play an important role in the up-regulation of genes expression related to proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells.
DNA ; metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Genes, fos ; Genes, jun ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; NF-E2 Transcription Factor ; NF-E2 Transcription Factor, p45 Subunit ; Panax ; Transcription Factor AP-1 ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; Up-Regulation

Fibrosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Models, Biological ; Sirolimus ; therapeutic use

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumothorax ; pathology ; Sarcoidosis ; diagnosis

PURPOSE: The present study was designed to determine whether rapamycin could inhibit transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1)-induced fibrogenesis in primary lung fibroblasts, and whether the effect of inhibition would occur through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream p70S6K pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary normal human lung fibroblasts were obtained from histological normal lung tissue of 3 patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Growth arrested, synchronized fibroblasts were treated with TGF-beta1 (10 ng/mL) and different concentrations of rapamycin (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 ng/mL) for 24 h. We assessed m-TOR, p-mTOR, S6K1, p-S6K1 by Western blot analysis, detected type III collagen and fibronectin secreting by ELISA assay, and determined type III collagen and fibronectin mRNA levels by real-time PCR assay. RESULTS: Rapamycin significantly reduced TGF-beta1-induced type III collagen and fibronectin levels, as well as type III collagen and fibronectin mRNA levels. Furthermore, we also found that TGF-beta1-induced mTOR and p70S6K phosphorylation were significantly down-regulated by rapamycin. The mTOR/p70S6K pathway was activated through the TGF-beta1-mediated fibrogenic response in primary human lung fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that rapamycin effectively suppresses TGF-beta1-induced type III collagen and fibronectin levels in primary human lung fibroblasts partly through the mTOR/p70S6K pathway. Rapamycin has a potential value in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type III/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/*drug effects/metabolism/physiology ; Fibronectins/metabolism ; Humans ; Lung/cytology/drug effects ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Sirolimus/*pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism/physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/*antagonists & inhibitors/physiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of low-dose phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor tadalafil on arterial erectile dysfunction.

METHODSForty-three patients with arterial erectile dysfunction were requested to take 5 mg tadalafil after supper on alternate days for 4 weeks. All the patients were scored on IIEF-5 and received intracavernous injection of 10 microg prostaglandin E1, followed by measurement of the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the cavernosal artery by color Doppler ultrasonography.

RESULTSStatistic analyses showed an obvious increase in the IIEF-5 score and PSV after the treatment, with significant differences from the baseline (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONLow-dose tadalafil can significantly improve the PSV of the cavernosal artery and hence the erectile function of arterial ED patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Arteries ; Carbolines ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Tadalafil