CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 can express in breast cancer,and are regulated by several factors in the genesis and development of breast cancer. Lots of researches have proved that CXCL12 and CXCR4 can be used as new independent prognostic makers of breast cancer.Treatment targeted for CXCR4 can be seen as a new kind of combination therapy,which may provides patients a more ideal treatment.

Dry eye is a most common external eye disease in clinic and it can cause ocular discomfort and visual disturbance. The conventional examinations for dry eye have some shortcomings, for example, high variability and insufficient association with symptoms. Recently, routine ophthalmic technologies play more extending roles in evaluation of dry eye, including corneal topography, wavefront aberrometer, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal microscope. Corneal topography and wavefront aberrometer could be used to evaluate the stability of tear film and visual function. OCT could image tear meniscus directly, and confocal microscope could observe histopathology of ocular surface in vivo. The studies on ophthalmic technologies in dry eye make us deepen the understanding of pathophysiology of dry eye and also provide new diagnostic approaches.

With decision tree model, both net utility and cost-benefit were analysed to comprehensively assess hepatitis B vaccination strategy in China. The result showed that neonates shoulUbe taken as the most favourable vaccinated population, infants aged 0～3 years the next, and immediate vaccination scheme was recommended. Although vaccination would result in negative benefit in the population aged 7 and over, certain net utility was also gained, Therefore we suggest that the subjects to be vaccinated be extended in due course.

Objective To detect the expressions of CXCR4,Smoothened (Smo) and Patched (Ptch) in breast cancer,to analyze the clinical significance of the expression of CXCR4,and to evaluate the relationships among CXCR4,Smo and Ptch.Methods The expressions of CXCR4,Smo and Ptch from 121 cases of breast cancer specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the results were analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of CXCR4 in breast cancer was 66.9％,which was positively associated with the lymph node metastasis (r =0.181,P =0.044).The positive expression rates of Smo and Ptch in breast cancer were respectively 58.9％ and 64.5％.The expressions of Smo and Ptch were positively associated with the expression of CXCR4 in breast cancer (r =0.189,P =0.036 ; r =0.230,P =0.010).Conclusion The expression of CXCR4 in breast cancer is associated with the lymph node metastasis,and it is positiviely associated with the expressions of Smo and Ptch.Patients with breast cancer who express both CXCR4 and Hedgehog signaling pathway may have a higher risk of recurrence.

AIM: To compare the visual effects of optimized aspheric transition zone Laser in situ keratomileusis (OAT z-LASIK )versus conventional Laser in situ keratomileusis (con. LASIK).METHODS: In a prospective study 44 patients (88 eyes)underwent OAT z -LASIK and 50 patients (92 eyes) received conventional LASIK surgery. Visual acuity,refractions、contrast sensitivity (CS),glare sensitivity (GS), and increment of Q-value after surgery were studied.RESULTS: All of operations on 94 cases were successful without severe complication after 3 months' follow-up. There was no significant difference in term of postoperative refractions between the two groups (t-test,P＞0.05). The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), CS, GS, and increment of Q-value of OAT z group were significantly better compared to the tradition group 3 months after the surgery (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: OAT z - LASIK is a more effective procedure to improve visual quality compared to conventional LASIK.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is the integration of both assisted reproductive technologiesand molecular genetic technologies.Since the birth of the first healthy females after PGD in 1990,re-markable advances have been achieved in this field.Most research in PGD is focused on new methods toimprove the sensitivity and accuracy of single cell analysis.The principal problems in single cell PCR in-clude amplification failure,ADO and contamination.Fluorescent PCR with multiplex amplifications ofhighly polymorphic markers is a highly effective strategy to avoid contamination and detect ADO.The ad-vantages and disadvantages of fluorescence in situ hybridization to detect age-related aneuploidy are stillunder debate.We summarize the most recent developments in this review,and also introduce our own ex-periences in PGD.

Objective: To explore the effects of desflurane on systemic and hepatic hemodynamics and oxygen delivery to the liver. Method: 11 healthy mongrel dogs were anesthetized with 0.5 and 1.0 MAC desflurane respectively. The changes of systemic, pulmonary and hepatic hemodynamics,systemic oxgen delivery and consumption,oxygen delivery to the liver were measured continuously. Blood flow of hepatic artery and portal vein was monitored with electromagnetic flowmeter. Result: During inhalation of 0.5 MAC desflurane,HR.MAP.SVR,portal vein and total hepatic oxygen delivery decreased significantly(P

Objective The effect of lidocaine and bupivacaine on the Na+ current of dorsal horn neurons was observed to further evaluate the mechanism of local anesthetics . Methods The dorsal horn neurons of the SD neonates(0-7 d) were isolated acutely. Under the condition of holding voltage -80mV , and testing voltage -30mV with duration of 20 ms , the whole-cell patch-clamp technique was applied to recording the changes of voltage-gated Na+ currents following the administration of lidocaine or bupivacaine at 50-1000?mol/L.Results The voltage-gated Na+ currents ranged from 0.5-8nA peak amplitude , was inhibited by lidocaine and bupivacaine at clinical concentrations, the inhibitory degree was parallelly correlated with the concentration of local anesthetics(r=0.949 and 0.847 ,P

Objective To study the effects of desflurane on Ca 2+-ATPase activity isolated rat cardiac myocyte plasma membrane ,for the mechanisms of its inhibitory myocardial function.Methods The effects of different concentration desflurane(0%-11%) on Ca 2+-ATPase activity were studied at different calcium concentration(04-20?mol/L) and at 25℃ or 37℃Results Ca 2+-ATPase activity wan depressed by desflurane,the greater inhibitory effect,the higher desflurane concentration,and more severely at low calcium concentration or at 37℃ than at high calcium concentration or at 25℃Conclusions At clinical concentration desflurane produces tha inhibitory effect on rat cardiac myocyte plasma membrane Ca 2+-ATPase activity dose-dependently,which may in part explain its depression on myocardial function.

Objective To investigate the effects of droperidol on the Na+ currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.Methods The rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were enzymatically dissociated. Whole-cell patch-clamp technique was applied to record Na+ current. Results 3-300?mol?L-1 Droperidol inhibited the sodium currents by 14.12%-78.46% (P0.05, n =7).Conclusions Droperidol inhibits Na+ currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in a concentration- and voltage-dependent manner. The results suggest that the concentration of epidural droperidol clinically applied during epidural patient control analgesia may enhance the analgesic effects.