Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor that develops in bone. Since chemotherapy was introduced into the multi-modality treatment regimen for high-grade osteosarcoma, its prognosis has been impressively improved; about two-thirds of all patients could achieve long-term survival. This review summarized the history of chemotherapy for osteosarcoma and current chemotherapeutic treatment strategies for classical osteosarcoma. The review also emphasized the necessity that the patients should be treated in specialized centers and prospective, multi-institutional trials are needed.

Objective To investigate the effect of compound preparation of Astragalus mongho-licus on subsets of lymphocytes in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), and to explore its regulatory mechanism. Methods 60 MG patients were randomly divided into test group (n=30, given compoundpreparation of Astragalus mongholicus for 12 wks) and control group (n=30, given prednisone tablets for 12 wks). Flow cytometry was applied to examining the distribution change of the subsets of lym-phocytes in patients before and after treatment. Results After treatment, the percentages of CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in both groups decreased compared with those before treatment.The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in test group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05).The percentage of CD8+ T cells in test group after treatment increased significantly (P<0.05) com-pared with that before treatment, but had no significant difference compared with that in control group(P>0. 05). Conclusion The result from the current study suggests that one of the mechanisms of the compound preparation of Astragalus monghoticus regulating immune response may be achieved through its modulating effect on the distribution of subsets of lymphoeytes and humoral immune func-tion.

Automatic Data Processing ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pulse

Most of the soil microorganisms are unculturable,which limits the exploitation and application of microbial resources.Metagenomics has great potential in the research of unculturable microorganisms in soil.Progress on the research of metagenomic DNA purification,metagenomic library construction and screening of soil microorganisms are reviewed briefly.

Objective To investigate the expression of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) in endometrial cancer ( EC ) and its relationship with the clinic and pathological factors , as well as the diagnostic value for EC . Methods Through real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, the expression level of Sky mRNA and protein in normal endometrial tissues, atypical hyperplasia of endometrial tissues and endometrial cancer tissues were examined. Results The expression of Syk in EC were lower than that in endometrial atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium (P < 0.05). The expression of Syk was related to histological grade, invasive depth, lymphatic metastasis and clinical stages (P<0.05). Conclusion Syk contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis of EC. The detection of Syk can provide evidence to evaluate the malignancy grade of EC.

Objective To study the species and drug resistance of Mycobacterium isolated from patients with spu-tum smear positive for acid-fast bacillus in Wuj iang city,and provide reference for the prevention and control of tu-berculosis. Methods Sputum specimens with positive smear were cultured,isolated bacteria were identified and performed drug susceptibility testing,drug resistance among different species of strains and between patients with initial and repeated treatment were compared.Results A total of 1 03 Mycobacterium isolates were included in the study,13 of which were nontuberculous Mycobacterium,drug resistance rate was 100.00% ,multidrug resistance (MDR)rate was 84.62% ;90 isolates were Mycobacteriumtuberculosis,81(90.00% )of which were Mycobacteri-umhominis. Drug resistance rate of Mycobacteriumtuberculosiswas 35.56% ,MDR rate was 14.44% . Of 70 ini-tially treated tuberculosis patients with positive sputum smear,14(20.00% )were resistant to drugs,MDR rate was 4.28% (3/70);Of 20 repeatedly treated tuberculosis patients with positive sputum smear,18(90.00% )were resist-ant to drugs,MDR rate was 50.00% (10/20).Conclusion Mycobacteriumtuberculosisis the major isolated strain from patients with positive sputum smear. Drug resistance and MDR rates of nontuberculous Mycobacterium are very high. Drug resistance and MDR rates of Mycobacteriumtuberculosisin repeatedly treated patients are higher than initially treated patients.

Objective To study the effect of sand storm on the activity of saliva lysozyme of middle school students and pupils.Methods 452 subjects aged 8-17 years,living in the areas where the sand storm happened frequently and infrequently,were selected with the stratified sampling and cluster sampling methods in May 2007.The activity of saliva lysozyme in saliva was measured by turbidimetric method.Results Compared with the areas where the sand storm happened frequently,in the infrequent areas,the activity of lysozyme of the boys in 12,14,16 ～17 age groups and of the girls in 12 and 14 age groups significantly decreased(P﹤0.05 or P﹤0.01).The activity of saliva lysozyme of the areas where the sand storm happened frequently was concerned with gender,age,time of daily outdoor activity during the sand storm.Conclusion Sand storm can cause the activity of saliva lysozyme decrease in the middle school students and pupils.

From the prospective of metaethics and normative ethics, we analyze the ethical character and function of medical professional language, and emphasize the influence of respecting the patients'right as well as the role of medical professional language in dealing with doctor - patient relationship.

Objective To evaluate the use of bunching forceps during radical prostatectomy. Methods 14 cases of radical prostatectomy/cystectomy were performed with the use of bunching forceps to control bleeding from the dorsal vein complex. Results The procedure resulted in minimal bleeding from dorsal complex and was helpful in rhabdosphincter. Conclusions The bunching forceps is very valuable for controlling bleeding from dorsal vein complex and for preserving rhabdosphincter.

Objective To investigate a minimal invasive surgical therapy for tumors in the an terior wall close to bladder neck. Methods A 5～10 mm incision was made in abdominal wall below the umbilicus and laparoscopic devices were introduced into the bladder.Tumors were excised and coa gulated under the monitoring of cystoscopy. Results Tumors at the anterior wall of bladder were easily exposed and removed.The recovery time was nearly the same as that of TURBT.No tumor recurrence was observed in 3～10 months period. Conclusions Tumors at the anterior wall of bladder could be easily removed by the combined use of cystoscopy and laparoscopy and open surgery might be avoided.