Background:Pancreatic cancer is obscure in onset and progresses rapidly with very poor prognosis. Photodynamic therapy( PDT)has been developed as a novel anti-tumor treatment modality since 1980s. At present,there are only limited researches on pancreatic cancer treated with PDT in vivo. Aims:To investigate the efficacy of quantum dots-RGD ( QDs-RGD)based PDT combined with gemcitabine for treatment of pancreatic cancer xenograft in nude mice. Methods:QDs-RGD probe was synthesized and nude mice bearing pancreatic cancer xenograft was established. Nude mice were imaged at 1,5,10 and 24 hours after injection of QDs-RGD and QDs by in vivo imaging system. Forty model nude mice were randomly divided into five groups:control group( without any treatment),simple illumination group( laser 630 nm, 120 J/cm2,20 min),PDT group(QDs-RGD 0. 5 nmol+laser irradiation),gemcitabine group(gemcitabine 50 mg/kg)and combination group(QDs-RGD 0. 5 nmol+laser irradiation+gemcitabine 50 mg/kg). All the nude mice were sacrificed 18 days later. Tumor weight and volume were measured and tumor inhibition rate was calculated. Results:Fluorescence of tumor was shown 1 hour after injection and became clearest at the 5th hour,then showing a decrescendo trend. Density of QDs surrounding tumor was significantly less than that of QDs-RGD and faded away at the 10th hour. Tumor weight and volume in PDT group,gemcitabine group and combination group were all significantly lower than those in control group and simple illumination group(P<0. 01),and those in combination group were significantly lower than those in PDT group and gemcitabine group(P <0. 05). No significant differences in tumor weight and volume were found between control group and simple illumination group(P >0. 05),as well as between PDT group and gemcitabine group(P >0. 05). Tumor inhibition rate in combination group,gemcitabine group and PDT group was 70. 5%,43. 5% and 37. 1%, respectively. Conclusions:QDs-RGD based PDT combined with gemcitabine can inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer xenograft in nude mice,which introduces a new idea to the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective: Xiaoliu Granule (XLG) is based on the principle of Yiqi Huayu Decoction, this experiment was to study the treating point of XLG on the hysteromyoma rats. Methods: The hysteromyoma rats models was established in rats by loading estrogen and progesterone, to observe the effect of XLG on pathological condition of uterus, and the content of PR , ER, Bcl-2/Bax. Results: The experiments proved that XLG was effective in reducing the proliferation, reversing the proliferative abnormalities of uterus smooth muscle. The XLG also can significantly reduce the content of PR, ER and Bcl-2/Bax. Conclusion: Therefore, XLG was a good approach in treating hysteromyoma. The mechanism of XLG in treating hystermyoma was probably by reducing ER, PR, lowering the E, P sensitivity; reducing expression of Bcl-2, increasing the expression of Bax, and promoting cell apoptosis, etc.

BACKGROUND:Bismth-doped iron nanoparticles modified by hyaluronic acid (HA-BiIOPs) not only act as an effective MRI contrast agent, but also as a radiotherapy sensitizer.OBJECTIVE:To fabricate the HA-BiIOPs and to observe its effect to enhance the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells U87MG under X-ray radiation.METHODS:HA-BiIOPs were synthesized using hydrothermal polyol method. (1) Cytotoxicity: A cytotoxicity test was carried out on U87MG cells and rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Cell proliferation rate of two kinds of cells cultured with different concentrations of HA-BiIOPs (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/L) at 24 hours after culture were determined by cell counting kit-8 assay. (2) Histological analysis: ICR mice were sacrificed after intravenous injection of HA-BiIOPs, and pathological changes of mouse visceral organs were observed under an optical microscope. (3) Cellular uptake: The HA-BiIOPs after entered into the cytoplasm were observed by Prussian blue staining. (4) Radiosensitization test: U87MG cells at Logarithmic growth stage were cultured in culture medium as control group, subjected to X-ray irradiation (0, 3, 6, 9 Gy) as radiotherapy group, cultured in HA-BiIOPs (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L) as HA-BiIOPs group or subjected to HA-BiIOPs culture plus X-ray irradiation as combined therapy group. Then, the cell proliferation rate and cloning efficiency were measured at 24 hours after treatment.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The HA-BiIOPs at different concentrations were non-cytotoxic for VSMC and U87MG cells. (2) After intravenous injection of HA-BiIOPs, there was no obvious toxicity to the mouse susceptible organs. (3) After 6 hours of culture, the HA-BiIOPs could be internalized by U87MG cells. (4) The proliferation rate of U87 cells was negatively correlated with the concentration of HA-BiIOPs (0-200 mg/L) and X-ray dose (0-9 Gy). Especialy, the combination of 6 Gy X-ray irradiation with 200 mg/L HA-BiIOPs dramatically decreased the cell viability that was decreased to (41±7)%. In the combined therapy group with 6 Gy X-ray and 100 mg/L HA-BiIOPs, the cells proliferation rate was significantly lower than that in the control and radiotherapy groups (P < 0.05). These results indicate that HA-BiIOPs have a radiosensitizative effect on glioblastoma cells U87MG.

Objective To investigate the anti carcinoma role of integrin targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) on pancreatic carcinoma cells in vitro.Methods Pancreatic carcinoma cells SW1990 were divided into four groups:cells without quantum dots (QDs) and light-treated as blank control group,pure light-treated group,photosensitizer group and PDT group.The targeting of QDs-arginine,glycine,aspartic acid (RGD) and integrin probe was confirmed by laser confocal microscopy.And as a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy,after treated for 48 hours the morphology changes of pancreatic carcinoma cells of each group were observed.After 48 hours,the cell proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle changes were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and flow cytometry (FCM).The expressions of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1),protein kinase B(Akt) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of each group were evaluated by fluorescence probe.One-way ANOVA was performed for comparison between groups to analyze the treatment effects of PDT group.Results The QDs RGD probe could effectively targeting pancreatic carcinoma cells.The MTT results indicated that the relative inhibition rate of pancreatic carcinoma cells proliferation of PDT group was statistically higher than that of the other groups at 24,48,72 h (F=73.00,85.10,126.58; all P＜0.01).The FCM results revealed that the cell apoptosis rate of PDT group (17.860％ ±1.230％) was higher than that of the other groups (F=130.617,P＜0.01) and cell cycle G0/G1 phase (69.14％±2.63％) and S phase (24.41％ ± 2.67 ％) retardance was also significant (all P＜0.05).The expression of proliferation and apoptosis related gene Mcl-1 and Akt at mRNA level was lower than that of the other groups however the expression of apoptosis-inducing ligand TRAIL at mRNA level was higher than that of the other groups (F=567.456,446.817,145.238; all P＜0.05).The ROS level of PDT group was higher than that of the other groups (F=3262.559,P＜0.01).Conclusion PDT with a QDs-RGD probe could significantly inhibit pancreatic carcinoma cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis.

Heteroclitin D (H.D) was successfully isolated from Kadsurae Caulis by using flash chromatography and recrystallized by methanol, 10.2 mg of H.D was obtained from 4.86 g of crude extract, and the purity determined by HPLC was 99.4%. The structure was identified by UV, IR, MS, and NMR analysis. The fast, simple and efficient method can be applied to the preparation of reference substance of H. D.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathogenic characteristics of community acquired pyogenic liver abscess (PLA).Methods:The clinical data of 172 patients in First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University with community acquired PLA from March 2013 to September 2018 were retrospectively collected, including clinical characteristics, distribution of the causative pathogens, treatment regimens and outcomes. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results:There were 158(91.9%) cases with fever, 69(40.1%) cases with abdominal pain among 172 PLA cases. One hundred and forty-three (83.1%) were solitary, and 141(82.0%) cases localized in right hepatic lobe. One hundred and six (61.6%) cases were PLA of cryptogenic origin. There were 156 cases underwent etiology detection, with the positive etiology detection of 99(63.5%) cases. Ninety-two (92.9%) cases were infected with a single strain, and seven (7.1%) cases were infected with mixed strains. A total of 115 strains of bacteria were isolated. The main strains included 71 (61.7%) Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), 21 (18.3%) Escherichia coli (EC), among which 17 were extended spectrum β lactamase, and two carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Among the 61 KP-PLA patients, 42(68.9%) cases were diagnosed with diabetes, 16(26.2%) cases with biliary diseases, and one (1.6%) case with malignant tumor. Among the 15 EC-PLA patients, six cases were diagnosed with diabetes, nine cases with biliary diseases, and four cases with malignant tumors. There were statistically significant differences ( χ2=4.307, 4.784 and 8.536, respectively, all P<0.05). After admission, the patients were treated with antibiotics alone or combined with drainage. One-hundred and sixty-seven (97.1%) cases got improved. Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of PLA are atypical, and the dominant pathogens are KP and EC. The risk factors of PLA are diabetes mellitus, biliary diseases and malignant tumors.

The incidence of liver disease is increasing year by year. Due to the complex predisposing factors and unclear pathogenesis of liver diseases, the cure rate is still not ideal, so it is urgent to clarify its mechanism to find more effective therapeutic targets and drugs. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), as a non-coding RNA with a length of more than 200 nt, is a research hotspot in liver diseases in recent years. Focusing on the main signal transduction pathways in liver diseases, this review mainly summarizes the latest research progress of lncRNA in regulating liver disease-related signaling pathways, and elaborates that lncRNAs participate in various physiological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration by regulating key signaling pathways in liver diseases, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of liver diseases. This review provides new ideas for studying the mechanism of liver diseases, and new directions for finding new targets and biomarkers for the treatment of liver diseases.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of depression of middle school students in Liaoning Province in 2019 and analyze its influencing factors, to provide corresponding strategies and measures for depression prevention and control. Methods: By using the method of multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling, the 32 909 students of grade 1-3 of junior middle school, senior high school and vocational high school were selected from 14 cities in Liaoning province, and were investigated with Center for Epidermiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) psychological scale. Results: The depression score of middle school students in Liaoning Province was (12.66±9.53), and the incidence of depression was 19.5%. Analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the occurrence of depression were grade, bullying on campus, internet addiction, being beaten and scolded by parents, drinking, gender, Leave of absence from school, smoking, serious injury and economic classification (P<0.05). Conclusion Depression of middle school students in Liaoning Province is not optimistic. Effective prevention and control measures should be developed and implemented to the occurrence of adverse factors, so as to reduce the occurrence of depression symptoms.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the dominant lung segment versus thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the complex lung segment for the treatment of stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:This is a case-control study. The clinical data of 110 patients with stage I NSCLC who received treatment in Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital from August 2019 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were assigned to a control group (thoracoscopic segmentectomy of dominant lung segment, n = 58) and an observation group (thoracoscopic segmentectomy of complex lung segment n = 52) according to the surgical method. Tumor location and resection scope in each group were recorded. Perioperative indexes, lung function indexes, complications, and short-term recurrence rates were compared between the two groups. Results:The operative time in the observation group was (175.45 ± 30.72) minutes, which was significantly longer than (152.41 ± 29.83) minutes in the control group ( t = 3.99, P < 0.05). The number of nail bins in the observation group was (4.55 ± 1.23), which was significantly greater than (3.77 ± 1.16) in the control group ( t = 3.42, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding volume, the number of dissected lymph nodes, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative extubation time, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1), and FEV l/FVC ratio in the observation group were (3.89 ± 0.47) L, (2.92 ± 0.36) L, and (75.06 ± 2.47)%, which were significantly higher than (3.64 ± 0.49) L, (2.68 ± 0.35) L, and (73.63 ± 2.38)% in the control group (all P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the incidence of complications between the observation and control groups [32.69% (17/52) vs. 20.69% (12/58), P > 0.05]. There was no significant difference in recurrence of stage I NSCLC between the observation and control groups [3.85% (2/52) vs. 1.72% (1/58), P = 0.495]. Conclusion:The overall effect and safety of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of complex lung segment in the treatment of stage I NSCLC are comparable to those of thoracoscopic segmentectomy of the dominant lung segment. However, thoracoscopic segmentectomy of complex lung segments can reduce the impact on lung function and protect lung function to the maximum extent.

Objective To evaluate three different peritoneal dialysis fluid collection methods for pathogenic bacteria culture in peritonitis dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP), and provide clinical basis for the use of simple and effective peritoneal dialysis fluid collection method in primary hospital. Methods A total of 32 cases of PDAP patients treated in Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital from June 2016 to July 2017 were included in the study using convenient sampling method. A number of 43 peritoneal dialysis fluid specimens were collected respectively using the traditional method, modified method and centrifugal method, and then were cultured for bacterial identification. Positive rate of bacteria, distribution of bacterial pathogens and reported time were compared among three groups. Results The positive rate of pathogenic bacteria showed that traditional method was 53.5%, modified method was 76.7% and centrifugal method was 83.7%. Compared with the traditional method, the positive rate of modified method and centrifugal method increased significantly (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the modified method and centrifugal method (P> 0.05). Three main species were epidermis staphylococcus, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in three collection methods. In the modified method and centrifugal method, the positive rate of gram negative bacteria were higher than the traditional method (P<0.05); but there was no obvious difference on the positive rate of gram positive bacteria culture (P>0.05). The average reporting time of traditional culture was longer than the modified method and centrifugal method (P< 0.05). Conclusions Compared with traditional collection method, both modified method and centrifugal method could increase positive rate of bacteria culture in PDAP patients, especially gram negative bacteria, and had the advantage of rapid detection, which could provide clinical guidance for early treatment of peritonitis. Compared with centrifugal method, the modified method is simple, and worthy of promoting in primary hospital.