Objective To study the standard operating methods and skills of Lichtenstein's tenaion-free her-nioplasty for treating groin hernia and the methods of reducing the postoperative complication and recrudescence. Methods Clinical data of treating greinhemia in 178 eases at Department of General Surgery, Luan People's Hospi-tal were reviewed and analyzed. Results On average, each operation needs 50 minutes and the patients spend 4 days in hospital. After 2～3 weeks,the patients can restore the daily activity and manual labour. There were 9 cases of uri-nary retention after operation,5 cases of scrotum haematoma's accumulating liquid,7 cases of the cut fat deliques-cing, 14 cases of various pain and numbness in groin area and 1 case of hernia recrudescence. Conclusion Lichten-stein's tension-free hemioplasty is a perfect surgical operation method which has many advantages, such as minimal trauma,rapid recovery, simple operation sequence, and less postoperative complication and recrudescence. It is in keeping with anatomy physiology.

BACKGROUND: The key to success in laryngeal transplantation is to control the infection. In practice, how to minimize the risk of infection should be considered first, so that the laryngeal allograft can survive after revascularization under the immunosuppressive state. Then the therapeutics methods should be focused on the functional recovery of respiratory, swallowing and phonation.OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of staged allogeneic larynx transplant for dogs in order to decrease the infection rate.METHODS: Ten male conspecific Beagle dogs were assigned into five pairs of donor and receptor according to body mass and the size of larynx. The allogeneic larynx was embedded under the neck skin by allotransplantation. The dogs were treated with immunosuppressant daily to resist immnological rejection. The pharynx and trachea were contraposed after larynx survived to establishⅡstage laryngeal transplantation animal model.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: InⅠstage of laryngeal transplantation, the laryngeal allograft survived well, blood supply was passable. Receptor dog 1 with vertical midline incision in the neck, receptor dogs 4 and 5 with transverse incisions in the neck grew well. No infection phenomena was found in receptor dogs 4 and 5. The lastⅡstage laryngeal transplantation was performed in the 4th week afterⅠstage laryngeal transplantation. Skin flap necrosis occurred in receptor dogs 2 and 3 with U-shape incisions. The donor larynx had different degree infection. Laryngeal allograft of receptor dog 2 died; laryngeal allograft of receptor dog 3 survived after treatment. The survival period of donor larynx in receptors was as long as 4 weeks. These findings indicate that the larynx infection is avoid or reduced by staged larynx transplantation with pre-embed laryngeal allograft after total laryngectomy. The receptor dog is tolerant; the donor larynx is easy to survive. The main histological change occurs in the epithelial mucosae which can be used as an inspect index of immunosuppressive agents. However, glandular organ secretion is a troublesome problem and immunodepressant must be continuously administrated for a long time.

OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of transnasal endoscopic surgery to treatment of intraorbital space occupying by ethmoidal-lamina papy-racea approach. METHODS The clinical data of 10 cases who underwent intraorbital surgery via transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach from June 2003 and Aug. 2006 were retrospectively studied. The patients included foreign body 1 case, cavernous hemangioma 2 case, lipoma 2 cases, inflammatory pseudotumor 2cases and hematoma 3cases. All intraorbital space occupying were operated by transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach but for one cavernous hemangioma which was dealt with through extra orbitectomy. The inflammatory pseudotumors were prescribed with glucocorticoid after operation.RESULTS Foreign body was removed successfully. One case of cavernous haemangioma was removed completely by transnasal endoscopic surgery and the other by extroorbital operation. All symptoms of proptosis and diplopia disappeared. One vision was enhanced from hand moving to 0.3 and another from light to hand moving. However, there was one hematoma which had been hindered about 14 days after damaged lost eyesight after operation. All cases were cured but one pseudotumor which recurred and was operated again. All cases were followed up 3 to 24 months. CONCLUSION Intraorbital surgery via transnasal endoscopic ethmoidal-lamina papyracea approach was available and feasible for the advantages of clear operation field, direct vision operation, less damage, rapid recovery and avoiding of facial scar, and intranasal endoscopic surgery can treat the rhino-orbital related diseases and nasal diseases at the same time.

Objective: To study the antitumor effects of transmembrane TNF-? and secretory TNF-? in vivo. Methods: Three types of TNF-? cDNA plasmids (wild type TNF-?; transmembrane TNF-? mutant; secretory TNF-? mutant) were directly injected into tumor-tearing mice. Results: The three types of TNF-? could be expressed by tumor cells and all of them could inhibit evidently the rate of tumor growth. The tumor regression after treatment with transmembrane TNF-? mutant at the early stage was more significant than that with the other two types of TNF-?( P

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this paper was to evaluate the treatment outcome of multimodal treatment for 196 patients with locoregional recurrent esophageal cancer after curative treatment and to determine the prognostic factors of recurrence.

METHODSOne hundred and ninety six patients with locoregional recurrent esophageal cancer curatively treated in our hospital were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival rate. Log rank test was used to evaluate the difference between the groups. Multivariate survival analysis was conducted using a Cox proportional hazard regression model with a backward stepwise procedure.

RESULTSThe overall 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 29.8%, 5.9% and 4.0%, respectively, with a median survival time of 8.0 months. The univariate analysis showed that ECOG PS, the interval between initial treatment and recurrence, the regimens of initial treatment and retreatment were independent prognostic factors. The multivariate analysis showed that the regimens of initial treatment and retreatment were independent prognostic factors. Retreatment methods significantly influenced the survival. The median survival time of chemoradiotherapy, radiation therapy alone, chemotherapy alone, EGFR-TKI and best supportive care were 13.0, 7.0, 6.0, 4.0 and 3.0 months, respectively (P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSThe prognosis of patients with locoregional recurrent esophageal cancer after curative treatment is poor. The main prognostic factors are the regimens of initial treatment and retreatment. Multimodal treatment including radiotherapy and chemotherapy may improve the long-term survival of the patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; therapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Esophagectomy ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; therapy ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Radiotherapy, High-Energy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo evaluate polymorphisms and forensic efficiency of 22 non-binary single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci.

METHODSOne hundred ethnic Han Chinese individuals were recruited from Dongguan, Guangdong. The 22 loci were genotyped with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

RESULTSNine loci were found with a single allele, 4 loci were found to be biallelic, whilst 9 loci were found to have 3 alleles. For 13 polymorphic loci, the combined discrimination power and power of exclusion were 0.999 98 and 0.9330, respectively. For the 9 non-biallelic loci, the combined discrimination power and power of exclusion were 0.9998 and 0.8956, respectively. For motherless cases, the combined power of exclusion was 0.6405 for 13 polymorphic SNPs and 0.6405 for 9 non-binary SNPs.

CONCLUSIONNon-binary loci have a greater discrimination power and exclusion power per SNP.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Load ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

To test the safety of using cardiac death donation ( DCD ) corneas for penetrating keratoplasty surgery graft.METHODS:ln chronological order, suing DCD corneas penetrating keratoplasty, corneal endothelial cell density and best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) were tested 3~4mo after surgery.RESULTS:A total of 14 cases of DCD while 26 corneas were included in this study. Donors age ranged 0. 5 ~61 years, averagely 38. 3 ± 15. 6 years. Causes of death included that 9 cases of traumatic brain injury, 2 cases myocardial infarction, 2 cases brain stem hemorrhage, 1 case of respiratory and circulatory failure. All 26 patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty, no rejection occurred and all grafts were transparent 3 ~ 4mo after surgery. Three to four months after surgery, corneal endothelial cell density ranged 794 ~ 4 347/mm2 , averaged 2 305 ± 827/mm2 , within which was only one case was lower than 1000/mm2 (3. 8%), while 9 cases ranged from 1000 ~ 2000/mm2 (34. 6%), 16 cases were higher than 2000/mm2 (61. 5%). The age of all the 26 receipts were from 20~80 years, mean 40. 7±17. 1 years. BCVA before surgery was light perception positive to 0. 08, with an average 0. 027±0. 024. Three to four months after surgery, BCVA were 0. 2~0. 8, with an average 0. 52± 0. 182 in contrast (t=3. 96, P<0. 001).CONCLUSlON:DCD donated corneas could be used for penetrating keratoplasty graft with high security.

OBJECTIVETo compare the results of detecting HIV-1 load by using NucliSens HIV-1 QT and Amplicor HIV-1 monitor 1.5 assays.

METHODSEighty-two clinical samples were collected and HIV viral load was determined with the above-mentioned two methods.

RESULTSThe number of samples in which values obtained by NucliSens HIV-1 QT and Amplicor HIV-1 monitor 1.5 differed by <0.5 log10 RNA copies/ml and in which the viral load was undetectable accounted for 88.9 percent of the measures. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.956 in 56 samples of Deltalog10 VL<0.5.

CONCLUSIONThe results of HIV-1 viral load determination with the two methods are highly comparable.

HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; Viral Load

To increase drug concentration in the head through intranasal administration, we have investigated the excised animal nasal mucosa permeability and nasal toxicity of the baicalin drug carrier systems, such as baicalin liposomes, beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, and phospholipid complex. A transport of baicalin drug carrier systems through nasal mucosa was simulated in diffusion chamber in vitro, and swine, caprine and rabbit nasal mucosa was used, the concentration of drug in the receptor was determined by HPLC. By taking the apparent permeability coefficients as evaluation standard, investigated the isolated animal nasal mucosa permeability of different baicalin drug systems was investigated for screening the best baicalin drug carrier system through nasal cavity administration. Toxicity of baicalin and its phospholipids complex on toad palate mucosal cilia movement and rats nasal mucosa long-term toxicity were studied in vivo. The apparent permeability coefficient of three kinds of baicalin drug carrier systems was better than that of baicalin (P < 0.05), and its lag-time was obviously shortened. At the same time, the apparent permeability coefficient of phospholipid complex was higher than those of other two drug carrier systems (P < 0.05). The results showed that the baicalin phospholipids complex nasal mucosa permeability was obviously superior to the other two drug systems. Baicalin phospholipids complex had no toxicity to ciliary movement, and had no irritation to rat nasal mucosa. The results show that baicalin phospholipid complex was the best baicalin drug carrier system, it could significantly enhance the permeability of baicalin across nasal mucosa, had no toxicity to nasal mucosa, and could be used for intranasal administration.
Administration, Intranasal ; Animals ; Bufo bufo ; Drug Carriers ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Female ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Goats ; Liposomes ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Male ; Nasal Mucosa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Palate ; drug effects ; Permeability ; Phospholipids ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Swine ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical value of radial endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) in the assessment of preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma.

METHODSOne hundred and ten patients with rectal cancer underwent preoperative endorectal ultrasound (ERUS) examination in our hospital from February 2010 to September 2011. ERUS was performed using a Hitachi 900, Hitachi HI Vision Preirus US scanner, with a 5 - 10 MHz rigid rotating radial transducer and a focal length of 2 - 5 cm. The size, shape, echo pattern, infiltration depth, degree of circumferential involvement, extra-rectal invasion of the lesions and lymph node involvement were observed. The results of ERUS staging were compared with histopathological findings of the surgical specimens.

RESULTSThe accuracy of ERUS for T staging was 91.4%. The accuracy of ERUS in diagnosing stage T1, T2, T3, T4 cancers was 92.7%, 88.2%, 88.2% and 96.4%, respectively. The sensitivity of ERUS in diagnosing stage T1, T2, T3, T4 cancers was 92.3%, 72.7%, 85.4% and 71.4%, respectively. The specificity of ERUS in diagnosing stage T1, T2, T3, T4 cancer was 92.9%, 92.0%, 90.3% and 100.0%, respectively. Comparing the consistency of preoperative T-staging and postoperative pathological results, the Kappa value was 0.75, with a considerable consistency. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ERUS in the assessment of lymph node metastasis were 74.2%, 89.9% and 85.5%, respectively. Comparing the consistency of preoperative N-staging and postoperative pathological results, the Kappa value was 0.64, with a considerable consistency.

CONCLUSIONSERUS is a practical and accurate tool in assessment of preoperative staging of rectal tumors in regard to tumor invasion depth (T) and regional lymph node status (N), with advantages of simple operation, less pain, and high accuracy.

Adult ; Aged ; Endosonography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Preoperative Period ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Rectum ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery