Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of continuous spinal anesthesia (CSA) with sufentanil for labor analgesia when compared with the effects of combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) and continuous epidural analgesia (CEA).Methods One hundred ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ nulliparous patients who were at full term and who requested labor epidural analgesia,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =40 each):continuous spinal analgesia group (group S),combined spinal-epidural analgesia group (group C) and continuous epidural analgesia group (group E).Labor analgesia was performed when the cervical dilation was 2-3 cm.In group S,the spinal catheter was placed at L3,4 interspace,and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with sufentanil was performed after a loading dose of sufentarnil 8 μg.PCA solution contained sufentanil 100 μg in 100 ml of normal saline.The PCA pump was set up with a 2 ml bolus dose,a 10 min lockout interval (volume was limited to 14 ml/h) and background infusion at a rate of 2 ml/h.In group C,CSEA was performed at L2,3 interspace,the patients received intrathecal sufentanil 8 μg via a spinal needle,the PCA solution contained 0.1％ ropivacaine 200 mg and 0.5 μg/ml sufentanil 100 μg in 200 ml of normal saline.The CSEA pump was set up with a 6 ml bolus dose,a 10 min lockout interval (volume was limited to 40 ml/h) and background infusion at a rate of 6 ml/h.In group E,CEA was performed at L2,3 interspace and the method was the same as in group C.The systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,HR,fetal heart rate (FHR) and intensity of uterine contraction were recorded beforeanalgesia and 5,10,15,30,60 and 120 min after beginning of analgesia,when the cervical dilation was 7-8 cm,and when the uterine cervix dilated absolutely.The side effects were recorded.Bromage scale was assessed at 10 min of analgesia.Apgar scores of the neonates were recorded at 1,5 and 10 min after birth.The analgesic effect was evaluated 24 h after birth.Results In group S,the hemodynamic parameters,FHR and intensity of uterine contraction were within the normal range,the analgesic effect was excellent or good,Bromage scale was 0,two cases had post-dural puncture headache,the incidence of pruritus was 42 ％ and pruritus was mild,Apgar scores of the neonates were 9.1 ± 0.4,9.6 ± 0.4 and 10 at 1,5 and 10 min after birth,respectively,no cardiovascular events occurred.There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between groups C and S and between groups E and S (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion CSA with sufentail is effective and suitable for labor analgesia and the efficacy is comparable with that of CSEA and CEA.

Objective To explore the relationship among personality,job burnout and knowledge sharing behavior of the enterprise employees.Methods The 44 items big five inventory(BFI) ,knowledge sharing inventory and job burnout inventory were administrated to 635 employees online.Results ( 1 ) Agreeableness had a significant main effect on knowledge sharing ( β =0.135, P＜0.01); (2)Cynicism( β = -0.140, P＜0.01) and reduced personal accomplishment( β = -0.125, P＜0.01 ) had a significant effect on knowledge sharing behavior and its two dimensions; (3) Job burnout partially mediated the relationship between agreeableness and knowledge sharing behavior(P＜0.01).Conclusion Enterprise employees' personality had different effects on knowledge sharing behavior,and job burnout was an important mediating role in the relationship above.

group A)(P0.05).In all the 3 groups,the BIS decreased to the lowest level at T2,and then increased at T3 and T4,and the BISs at T2,T3,and T4 were significantly different from that at T1(P

Objective:To study the transdermal permeability of Psoralen (Pro) and Isopsoralen (Isopro). Methods:V C two compartment was adopted to research the permeability deferences between Pso and Isopso in nude mouse skin in vitro, and investigated the effect of penetration enhancers, such as EtOH, azone and glycerol on the permeability of them. Results: Pso and Isopso are suitable compounds for transdermal delivery system and the permeability coeffient of Isopso is larger than that of Pso. 10% EtOH-1% Azone greatly increased the permeability coefficient. Conclusion: The results can offer reference for Psoralea corylifolia TDS.

Objective To acquaint the condition of learning burnout of medical students and to explore the relationship of learning burnout with professional commitment and social support. Methods 610 medical students were evaluated with Learning Burnout Scale, professional commitment scale and social support scale. Results ①In general, learning burnout index of medical students was 2.84±0.49; in terms of gender difference, male students [(2.83±0.65) and (3.08±0.61)] were higher than females[(2.70±0.63) and (2.96±0.60)] at the level of emotional turndown and behavioral unsuitableness, the difference was statistically significant( P <0.05); in terms of grades, medical students'learning burnout of different grades was significant( F =4.244,P <0.01); there was no difference in profession. ②Learning burnout was significantly negative correlation with professional commitment and social support( P <0.01). ③Multiple regression analysis showed that affective commitment and family support had significant predications on learning burnout of medical students( P <0.01). Conclusion Medical students'learning burnout level is comparatively high, learning burnout closely relates to professional commitment and social support.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth malignant tumor in the world.Most patients who have been diagnosed have been in advanced stage,so mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma is thirdly in malignant tumor of digestive cancers.The effective tumor marks are the main method of early diagnosis or treatment and raising survival rate.This articles reviewed the several tumor marks which have been found in the past few years.

Isoflavones as a kind of phytoestrogen exist in soy plant widely. With the advantages of estrogen, they can regulate endocrine function of the human body, reduce blood cholesterol, decrease the incidence of coronary heart disease, prevent osteoporosis, inhibit tumor growth, and relieve pain. This article summarized the investigations on the medical value of isoflavones in recent years.

Lung transplantation is the unique method to cure pulmonary tuberculosis at final stage. This paper reviewed the history, indication and contraindication, method of donor and recipient selection and donor preservation, operation methods, postoperative complications and protocol for complications to well understand issues in lung transplantation. Moreover, lacking of donors and increasing mortality of patients waiting for transplantation are urgent problems. With technique development, prognosis amendment, and improvement of survival rate and quality of life, donor source becomes important. Many studies have been conducted to explore the application of cadaveric lung, and several animal trials have been successful. In addition, scope of in vivo pulmonary lobes transplantation is increasing. Based on split liver transplantation, split double-lung transplantation is developed. This method utilizes existed donor sources, and provides options for patients waiting for transplantation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs which are essential for posttranscriptional gene regulation and have important roles in physiology and pathology. The researches on function of miRNA will be a focus in the future. Several animal models have been built by transgenic technology, making important contributions to our understanding of gene function at the whole scale. Recently, the number of transgenic animal models for microRNAs and construction strategies have been increasing and diversifying. Some roles of miRNA in tumor and cardiovascular disease have been revealed by transgenic animals. Transgenic animals are becoming a kind of powerful tool in microRNA researches.

Objective To discuss the expression and significance of eotaxin in the nasal secretions of the patients with nasal pol-yps .Methods The nasal secretion samples were collected from 40 patients including 15 cases of nasal polyps ,15 cases of chronic si-nusitis and 10 cases of nasal septum deviation .The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was adopted to detect the concen-tration of eotaxin .Results The average concentration of eotaxin was (468 .82 ± 440 .64)pg/mL in nasal polyps ,(443 .85 ± 334 .68) pg/mL in chronic sinusitis and (149 .23 ± 49 .01)pg/mL in nasal septum deviation .The eotaxin concentrations in the nasal polyps group and the chronic sinusitis group were higher than those in the nasal septum deviation group ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The eotaxin concentration in the nasal secretions of the patients with nasal polyps is significantly increaseed ,which might be concluded that eotaxin may play an important role in the occurrence and development process of nasal polyps .