Objective:To prepare amphotericin B(AmB)-polybutylcyanoacrylate(PBCA) nanoparticle and evaluate its characteristics,so as to screen for the optimal preparation technique.Methods: AmB was loaded to blank PBCA nanoparticles by incubation to prepare AmB-PBCA nanoparticles.The surface of the nanoparticles was modified with polysorbate 80.The AmB concentration of AmB-PBCA-NP solution was calculated with the standard curve of AmB at D_(405),and the stability of solution was assessed.The diameter distribution of the particles was determined with Coulter Laser granulometer.The colloid solution of AmB-PBCA-NP was centrifuged and the supernatant was harvested to determine the concentration of AmB.The encapsulation rate,drug loading rate,and in vitro drug release were measured.The optimized preparation recipe was screened using diameter,drug loading rate,and encapsulation rate of the particles as indices.Results: The prepared AmB-PBCA nanoparticle had a regular spherical or elliptic surface,with a mean diameter of(69.01?28.56) nm.The curve of standard AmB was linear within the range of 1.12-5.60 ?g/ml: D_(405)=0.163 4c+0.006 6(r=0.999 3).The average recovery of AmB-PBCA-NP was(99.93%,) showing the solution of AmB-PBCA-NP was stable within 12 h.The nanoparticles showed a sustained drug release in vitro within 24 h.The optimized recipe was: DextranT-70 stabilizer without sodium deoxycholate,with a mean encapsulation rate of 56.10% and a drug loading rate of 82%.Conclusion: The current method for preparing AmB-PBCA nanoparticles is simple and can meet the requirements of pharmaceutics.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of Ginkgo biloba extract combined with olmesartan me-doxomil in the treatment of essential hypertension,and to discuss its effect on the expression of serum protein. METHODS:98 pa-tients with essential hypertension were selected and randomly divided into observation group A and observation group B,with 49 cases in each group;40 healthy volunteers were included in control group. Observation group A was given Olmesartan medoxomil tablet 20-40 mg,po,qd;observation group B was given Olmesartan medoxomil tablet 20-40 mg,po,qd+ Extract of G. biloba leaves tablet 40-80 mg,po,bid. Treatment course lasted for 4 weeks. Blood pressure(SBP and DBP),TCM symptom score,the repeti-tiveness and resolution ratio of 2-DE spectrum,protein differentiation expression point,related information of differentiation expres-sion protein in 3 groups and ADR of observation group were observed. RESULTS:After treatment,SBP,DBP and TCM symptom score of observation group were significantly lower than before;those indexes after 4 weeks of treatment were significantly lower than those after 2 weeks after treatment;the observation group B was significantly lower than the observation group A,with statisti-cal significance(P<0.05). The repetitiveness and resolution ratio of protein differentiation expression point in observation group B were significantly better than in observation group A after treatment. The expression of 15 protein points in observation group down-regulated before treatment,and up-regulated after treatment to different extents;the observation group B was closer to control group,compared to observation group A. The expression of 6 protein points up-regulated,and then down-regulated to different extent after treatment;the observation group B was closer to control group,compared to observation group A. A total of 11 protein points were identified. There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between observation group A and observation group B (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:G. biloba extract combined with olmesartan medoxomil greatly influences the expression of serum pro-tein in patients with essential hypertension and shows good antihypertensive and pressure-control effects with good safety.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from Cibotium barometz continuously. Methods: Column chromatography and HPLC were carried out to isolate and purify the chemical compounds in the ethanol extract from C. barometz, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopy. Results: Six compounds isolated from C. barometz were identified as 6-O-protocatechuoyl-D-glucopyranose (1), 3-O-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranose (2), 1-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranose (3), caffeic acid (4), protocatechuic acid (5), and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (6). Conclusion: Compounds 1-3 and 6 are isolated from C. barometz for the first time, and compound 1 is a novel penolic glucoside named cibotiumbaroside D.

Objective: To prepare amphotericin B-polybutylcyanoacrylate-loaded nanoparticle (AmB-PBCA-NP) and to assess their ability to pass the blood-brain barrier. Methods: AmB-PBCA-NP was prepared by incubation, with the surface modified by polysorbate 80. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established using acetonitrile and water (40:60, 4% of acetic acid) as mobile phase; detection was done at 405 nm. Mice were divided into 3 groups: AmB-injected, AmB-lipid-injected, and AmB-PBCA-NP-injected group. Brain-targeting ability of AmB-PBCA-NP was then evaluated by determination of AmB concentrations in mice brain and other specimens. Results: The mean diameter of the prepared AmB-PBCA-NP was 94.38 nm; the mean entrapment efficiency of the particles was 82%; and the drug loading rate was 56.10%. It was found that AmB alone failed to pass the blood-brain barrier; only very low level of AmB was detected in AmB-lipid group 3 h after injection; moderate concentration of Amb was detected 30 min after injection of AmB-PBCA-NP and the concentration peaked at 133 ng/g 3 h after injection. Conclusion: AmB-PBCA-NP modified by polysorbate 80 can pass the blood-brain barrier.

Objective: To prepare amphotericin B (AmB)-polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticle and evaluate its characteristics, so as to screen for the optimal preparation technique. Methods: AmB was loaded to blank PBCA nanoparticles by incubation to prepare AmB-PBCA nanoparticles. The surface of the nanoparticles was modified with polysorbate 80. The AmB concentration of AmB-PBCA-NP solution was calculated with the standard curve of AmB at D405, and the stability of solution was assessed. The diameter distribution of the particles was determined with Coulter Laser granulometer. The colloid solution of AmB-PBCA-NP was centrifuged and the supernatant was harvested to determine the concentration of AmB. The encapsulation rate, drug loading rate, and in vitro drug release were measured. The optimized preparation recipe was screened using diameter, drug loading rate, and encapsulation rate of the particles as indices. Results: The prepared AmB-PBCA nanoparticle had a regular spherical or elliptic surface, with a mean diameter of (69.01±28.56) nm. The curve of standard AmB was linear within the range of 1.12-5.60 μg/ml: D405=0.163 4c+0.0066 (r=0.9993). The average recovery of AmB-PBCA-NP was 99.93%, showing the solution of AmB-PBCA-NP was stable within 12 h. The nanoparticles showed a sustained drug release in vitro within 24 h. The optimized recipe was: DextranT-70 stabilizer without sodium deoxycholate, with a mean encapsulation rate of 56.10% and a drug loading rate of 82%. Conclusion: The current method for preparing AmB-PBCA nanoparticles is simple and can meet the requirements of pharmaceutics.

The quiescence of radial neural stem cells (rNSCs) in adult brain is regulated by environmental stimuli. However, little is known about how the neurogenic niche couples the external signal to regulate activation and transition of quiescent rNSCs. Here, we reveal that long-term excitation of hippocampal dentate granule cells (GCs) upon voluntary running leads to activation of adult rNSCs in the subgranular zone and thereby generation of newborn neurons. Unexpectedly, the role of these excited GC neurons in NSCs depends on direct GC-rNSC interaction in the local niche, which is through down-regulated ephrin-B3, a GC membranebound ligand, and attenuated transcellular EphB2 kinase-dependent signaling in the adjacent rNSCs. Furthermore, constitutively active EphB2 kinase sustains the quiescence of rNSCs during running. These findings thus elucidate the physiological significance of GC excitability on adult rNSCs under external environments and indicate a key-lock switch regulation via cellcell contact for functional transition of rNSCs.

AIM:To study the difference of the chemical constituents between raw Radix Aucklandiae and Radix Aucklandiae roasted with wheat bran.METHODS:UV,HPLC and TLC were performed to analyze the chemical constituents before and after the processing.The constituents absorbed by wheat bran during the processing A.lappa.were isolated by silica gel CC.Their structures were identified by spectral analysis.RESULTS:The result of UV,HPLC and TLC showed that change of the chemical constituents in after the roasting had taken place.Two maior chemical constituents absorbed by wheat bran were dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide.CONCLUSION:The difference in sesquiterpeneoide before and after the processing of Radix Aucklandiae may be the evidence that the roasting with bran is to the benefit oftherapeutic effect.

AIM:To study the difference of the chemical constituents between raw Radix Aucklandiae and Radix Aucklandiae roasted with wheat bran.METHODS:UV,HPLC and TLC were performed to analyze the chemical constituents before and after the processing.The constituents absorbed by wheat bran during the processing A.lappa.were isolated by silica gel CC.Their structures were identified by spectral analysis.RESULTS:The result of UV,HPLC and TLC showed that change of the chemical constituents in after the roasting had taken place.Two major chemical constituents absorbed by wheat bran were dehydrocostus lactone and costunolide.CONCLUSION:The difference in sesquiterpeneoide before and after the processing of Radix Aucklandiae may be the evidence that the roasting with bran is to the benefit of therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the treatment protocols and the occurrence and developmental rule of subcutaneous multiple inflammation and indurations by facial injection lipolysis,and to summarize the treatment experience.Methods Six cases of subcutaneous indurations were females patients with facial injection lipolysis,and the lesions increased slowly after about one month.The local temperature raised and pinching pain appeared in the facial area.The other secondary post-traumatic swelling and scleroma areas were treated with piercing or cutting,spread to the surrounding tissues.Red scleroma became osmosis,by local open decompression,debridement,irrigation and drainage lasting almost 3 months.The area had burst out mucoid funicular materials gradually.Results The facial injection lipolysis caused regionally red swelling and scleroma gradually with 1 month of continuous irrigation drainage.The red scleroma area was limited with debridement again after maturation,closed incision after discharge mucus-shape substance by its organization.In the redness induration period,pathological results showed the homogeneous materials without structure could be seen in the fibrous tissue,with surrounding hyperemia,hemorrhage associated with inflammation.Festering burst period showed that local tissue presented suppurative inflammation,multiple abscesses and granuloma formation.Conclusions Conservative treatment can lead to swelling,bursting and developing into deep tissues.Surgical treatment can spread redness scleroma area and lead to a large area of skin depression,soft tissue scar and deformity.

Objective To investigate the factors of influence in post-traumatic stress bleeding.Methods The clinical data of 1986 trauma patients and postoperative patients in recent 5 years were studied retrospectively,and cases with or without stress ulcer bleeding were comparatively analyzed.Results The incidence of stress ulcer bleeding in cases with serious injury was significantly higher than in those with mild injury(P