Objective: To study the scavenging capacity of extract from four kinds of barley leaves on superoxide free radical and hydroxyl free radical. Methods: Measure the content of superoxide free radical and hydroxyl free radical by nitro blue tetrazolium(NBT) photo-reduction. Results: Along with the flavonoid in the reaction liquid, the scavenging rate shows ascending trend . When the concentration of flavonoid is 12?g/ml, its scavenging rate is 95.56% and 94.12% on superoxide free radical and hydroxyl free radical respectively. Conclusion: The flavonoids of barley leave s have stronger anti-oxidative action.

Objective To evaluate the effect of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL) on prognosis of rectal cancer treated with preoperative radiotherapy. Methods From Jan. 1999 to Oct. 2007,107 patients with rectal cancer were treated with preoperative radiotherapy of 30 Gy/10f/12 days. The relationships a-mong TIL,pathologic regression and prognosis were analyzed. Results Before radiotherapy,TIL in rectal cancer was 75 patients (70.1%) in grade 1,16 (15.0%) in grade 2 and 16 (15.0%) in grade 3; While after radiotherapy,it changed to 19 (17.7 %) in grade 1,43 (40.2%) in grade 2,35 (32.7 %) in grade 3 and 10 (9.3%) in grade 4. After radiotherapy,pathologic regression was 36 (33.6%) in grade 1,57 (53.3%) in grade 2 and 14 (13.1%) in grade 3. Univariate analysis showed that TIL both before and after radiotherapy was the significant prognostic factor for local pathologic regression (X2= 36.80, P < 0.01; X<'2>= 14.00, P<0.01). Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed that TIL and pathologic regression after radiother-apy were significant associated with the survival(X2=24.00, P < 0.01; X2=12.17, P<0.01 ). Logistic re-gression showed that TIL after radiotherapy had a significant effect on local pathologic regression(X2=8.05, P<0.01). Conclusions For rectal cancer treated with preoperative radiotherapy,TIL before and after ra-diotherapy is significantly related with local pathologic regression, and TIL after radiotherapy is a prognostic factor.

BACKGROUND: Biological fixation refers to the treatment of coarse or porous prosthetic surface. It is favorable to "bone ingrowth" prosthesis to achieve long-term stability. Porous tantalum is the latest scientific product that appears suitable to prosthetic surface owing to its porous feature and has been attracting a great deal attention.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a porous tantalum uncemented acetabular cup in acetabular revision arthroplasty.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis was performed at the Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between April and November 2006.PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS: Sixteen patients (16 hips), 7 males and 9 females, aged 54-81 years old, who received treatment at the Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA were included in this study. Of these patients, 2 suffered from femoral neck fracture, 6 from aseptic femoral head necrosis, and 8 from osteoarthritis. Trabecular metal cup (Zimmer, Warsaw, Indiana) provided a titanium alloy bottom layer and porous tantalum-coated surface, which was realized by technical combination of bone trabecular tantalum and titanium alloy. The prosthesis contained an ultrahigh modulus polyethylene lining.METHODS: All patients underwent acetabular revision with modular porous tantalum uncemented acetabular cup. Prior to replacement, acetabular defects and femoral prosthesis were evaluated. A posterolateral approach of hip joint was made. Following acatabular prosthesis removal, bone cement was cleared with osteotome, simultaneously scar tissue, granulation tissue, and fibrous limiting membrane in the acetabular fossa were erased with curette to avoid further damage to sclerotin. Bacteriological examination and susceptibility test with respect to intraarticular tissue fluid confirmed aseptic loosening. Antibiotics were used in each patient to prevent infection. Antibiotics and low molecular heparin were used afterwards to prevent infection and thromboembolism, respectively. Patients could not load within 4 weeks but could walk with the aid of two canes within subsequent 6 weeks. One week after surgery, plain X-ray films were taken in the lateral plane.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prior to and 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery, Harris hip score and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity score were assessed. The position of acetabular prosthesis was observed through an anteropostedor pelvic radiograph.RESULTS: The average follow-up time was 24 months (range 18-25 months). Harris hip score significantly increased from 32.6 points (range 21-54 points) prior to revision to 87.5 points (range 56-90 points) after revision (P < 0.05). UCLA activity score significantly increased from 3.8 points (2-5 points) prior to revision to 8.2 points (range 6-9 points) after revision (P<0.05). The anteropostedor pelvic radiographs taken in the last follow-up displayed no phenomena regarding non-stability including prosthesis aversion and subsidence and revealed that the in-growth of sclerotin surrounding the bone trabecular tantalum acetabular cup. Postoperative complications were found in none of 16 patients. By the last follow-up, there had been 14 cases who did not complain of pains while walking and 2 cases that had slight pain and slight limp while walking. Deep venous thrombosis or nerve injury did not appear afterwards. No cases needed another acetabular revision arthroplasty.CONCLUSION: For cases of failed primary fixation of artificial acetabular cup, application of porous tantalum uncemented acetabular cup can produces favorable results in acetabular revision if no bone defects exist.

Objective To analyse and conclude the MRI features of intracranial germ cell tumours so that to improve the diagnosis of this disease.Methods 15 cases of germ cell tumours verified by operation and pathology were reviewed and analyzed. All cases were undergone plain and contrast-enhanced MRI,the fat restrained sequence was performed if necessary. Results The location of tumors,six were in pineal region, six were in sellar region (germinoma, teratoma and choriocarcinoma in pineal and sellar region were all separately 3, 2 and 1), two were in basal ganglia (germinoma), and one was in right lateral ventricle (teratoma).Conclusion MRI is very valuable in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of intracranial germ cell tumours.

[Objective]To evaluate the role of Southwick angle and Klein line in the diagnosis of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). [Methods]Forty-two cases of SCFE were treated by Russell traction and screw or pins fixation in situ from 1995 to 2006. The hip anteroposterior and frog-lateral radiographs were reviewed to measure the occurrence of metaphyseal change,the Southwick angle and the Klein line.[Results]The metaphyseal changes occurred in all cases. The Southwick angles were reduced with the severity of SCFE. The positive ratio of Klein line was higher in the lateral radiographs,but lower in the anteroposterior radiographys.[Conclusion]The Southwick angle and Klein line play an important role in the diagnosis of SCFE. The lateral radiography should be emphasized in the diagnosis of SCFE.

Objective To assess the clinical value of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) for the treatment of metastatic liver leiomyosarcoma(MLL).Methods CT triphasic scanning and TACE were performed in 8 patients with MLL,which was proved by fine-needle aspiration biopsy and immunohistochemical study.A follow-up of 1-3 years was conducted.Based on the enhancement degree of the hepatic lesion and the DSA manifestations of the lesion,which were observed both before and after TACE,and also on the survival time,the therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated.Results Of the eight cases,single metastasis was seen in 3 and multiple metastasis in 5.Excellent result was obtained in 6 cases and good result in 2 cases.Based on the imaging findings,marked effect was seen in 3 cases,good effect in 4 cases and no improvement in one case.The surviva1 rate at 1,2 and 3 years was 87.8%,50.0% and 37.8% respectively.Conclusion TACE is a safe and effective treatment for MLL.

Objective To investigate the effect of local delivery of paclitaxel on bile duct scar formation and biliary stricture in guinea pig.Methods Models of end-to-end anastomosis of the common bile duct were established in 42 guinea pigs.The animals were randomly divided into paclitaxel and control groups.In the paclitaxel group,the drug solution(1000 ?mol/L,0.05 ml) was smeared onto the anastomotic wound before closing the abdomen.The animals were killed in 3 days,2 weeks,and 1 month after the operation(7 in each group at each time point).The sepcimens of the common bile duct were obtained for histological examination.Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the ultrastructure of paclitaxel-induced apoptotic cells.Results Histological examination showed inflammatory reaction and hyperplasia of the bile duct wall.The bile duct wall of the paclitaxel group was significantly thiner than that of the control group in 3 days and 1 month after the operation [3 days:(574.41?24.53)?m vs(802.98?24.42) ?m,t=-6.604,P=0.000;1 month:(1383.36?36.64) ?m vs(1518.56?34.89)?m,t=-2.672,P=0.020].Paclitaxel-induced cell apoptosis and injured cell organs were found by transmission electron microscopy.Conclusion Single local delivery of paclitaxel can inhibit biliary stricture in one month.

Objective To evaluate and compare 3 kinds of cecocolon urinary reservoir. Methods Penn pouch,indiana pouch or detenial cecocolon reservoir has been performed for 37 patients.The out-come was evaluated by urodynamic and clinically. Results Good continence has been achieved in all patients with an appendiceal continence mechanism.The capacity and intrareservoir pressure of detenial cecocolon was significantly different from penn or indiana pouch 3 months postoperatively (P0.05).The intrareservoir pressure on contraction was lower with penn pouch. Conclusions The penn or modified indiana pouch is better and more ideal as an urinary reservoir whereas the detenial cecocolon pouch is technically simpler.

Objective To study curative efficacy of cyclophosphamide combined with VAD regimen in treatment of multiple myeloma and its effects on coagulation function.Methods 78 patients of multiple myeloma who received therapy from July 2013 to July 2016 in our hospital were selected as research objects, and divided into the control group and the observation group , the control group was treated with VAD regimen, while the observation group was treated with cyclophosphamide combined with VAD regimen.Then coagulation factor and anti-coagulation factor activity, adverse reaction, therapeutic effect after treatment between two groups were compared.Results After treatment, decreased blood coagulation factor, Protein C, protein S and antithrombin were increased between two groups , the difference was not statistically significant.Incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was less than the control group[15.38%(6/39)vs 46.15%(18/39)], the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The total effective rate of observation group was statistically higher than that in the control group [ 89.74%( 35/39 ) vs 58.97%( 23/39 ) ] , the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Cyclophosphamide combined with VAD regimen is well for multiple myeloma, which can effectively improve the patient's condition, improve the life quality of patients, and will not cause a greater impact on blood coagulation function.

Objective To contrast the accuracy rate of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-staging and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO, 2009) clinical-staging, and evaluate the value of MRI in diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer. Methods The surgical pathology was used as golden standard, the accuracy rates of MRI-staging and FIGO-staging were compared in 86 patients of cervical cancer (surgical pathological staging≥Ⅰb). The lymph nodes with slightly hyperintense signal in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and with minor axis≥1 cm in T2WI-TRA (T2 weighted imaging-transverse section) were considered as metastatic lymph nodes, the characteristics of lymphatic metastasis diagnosed by MRI were analyzed, and the accuracy rate, the sensitivity, the specificity, the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value of MRI were evaluated. Results The accuracy rate of FIGO-staging was 80.2%(69/86), and the accuracy rate of MRI-staging was 83.7%(72/86), there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05). The accuracy rate of lymphatic metastasis diagnosed by MRI was 94.2%(81/86), the sensitivity was 73.3%(11/15), the specificity was 98.6%(70/71), the positive predictive value was 91.7%(11/12), and the negative predictive value was 94.6%(70/74). The true positive metastatic lymph nodes in 11 cases were located in the external iliac nodes or common iliac lymph nodes, the average short/long diameter was 0.76. The forms of lymph nodes were as follows:quasi-circular (n=3), border irregularity (n=3), huge fusion form (n=4), and 1 with central necrosis area. One case of false positive metastatic lymph node was located in the right external iliac node, with the sharp of huge fusion form in T2WI/TRA, comminution in T2WI-axial thin slices, and long strip in T2WI/SAG. Conclusion The accuracy rates of MRI-staging and FIGO-staging were both higher, which can diagnose lymphatic metastasis relatively accurately when they are combined together.