Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Phytotherapy ; Precancerous Conditions ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology

24 h)with VAS ranging from 5-9 points.There was no occurrence of severe complications such as infection or shoulder malfunction.[Conclusion]The technique of glenohumeral joint injection without any guidance through modified Nevaiser approach is highly accurate.No complication was noted.This thechnique be widely used in glenohumeral joint injection.

China ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; therapy ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Objective To investigate whether low-protein diet has protective effect on the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephropathy. Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (6 rats in each group). The rats in control group (C group) received common diet; in model group (M group) low-salt diet; in intervention group (Ⅰ group) low-salt and low-protein diet. After diet adaptation period of one week, the rats in C group received subcutaneous injection of olive oil 1 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks, while M group and Ⅰ group subcutaneous injection of CsA (diluted into 25 g/L with olive oil) 1 ml/kg for 5 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week. The food-intake and body weight were measured daily. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) was examined before rats were sacrificed. The semi-quantitative pathological analysis on kidney sections was performed. The mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-βI) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) in kidney tissue was determined with real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results The food-intake and body weight of rats in M and I groups were significantly lower than those in C group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the Ccr levels in M and Ⅰ groups were significantly reduced [(0.65±0.15) ml/min, (0.40+0.13) ml/min vs (1.55±0.29) ml/min, P<0.05], the relative fibrosis areas of kidney interstitium in M and I groups were significantly increased (3.60%±0.46%, 3.26%±0.75% vs 0.44%±0.24%, P<0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 in M and I group was significantly up-regulated (by 2.6 and 3.1 times in mRNA and by 1.5 and 1.6 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of Col Ⅰ in M and I groups was also significantly up-regulated (by 3.0 and 3.5 times in mRNA and by 2.3 and 2.1 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05). There were no significant differences between M and I groups in every parameters above-mentioned except the rat body weight and Ccr. Both the body weight and Ccr in Ⅰ group were significantly lower than those in M group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the urine osmotic pressure in M group and in I group were deceased (for M group, P>0.05; for I group, P<0.05). Compared with C group, the serum cholesterol levels in M and I groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum phosphorus level in I group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of serum albumin and serum calcium of all three groups had no statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Low-protein diet has no renoprutective effects on the rat model of cyclosporin A nephropathy, on the contrary, may induce body weight loss.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy

Anastomosis, Surgical ; adverse effects ; Brachiocephalic Trunk ; pathology ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Larynx ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Trachea ; surgery ; Tracheal Stenosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Tracheotomy ; adverse effects

BACKGROUND:The type AO-C1 thoracolumbar acute spine injury is a kind of high-energy instable injury, can cause thoracolumbar fracture-dislocation, and mainly associated with spinal nerve injury. Generaly, al needs to posterior open reduction, decompression, bone graft fusion and multiple-segmental internal fixation of pedicle screw rod system, which causes excessive loss of spinal movement segment and a large number of application of internal fixators. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the treatment effect of posterior pedicle screw mono-segmental internal fixation for treatment of the type AO-C1 thoracolumbar vertebrae fracture-dislocations. METHODS:From January 2008 to December 2013, 17 cases of type AO-C1 thoracolumbar fracture-dislocation were folowed up. Al patients were treated with one-stage posterior open reduction and pedicle screw-rod fixation. Of them, eight cases received four screws and two rods for single-segment fixation in upper and lower vertebrae adjacent to intervertebral space after dislocation (4-screw 2-rod group). Nine cases received eight screws and two rods for multiple-segment fixation in the upper and lower vertebrae adjacent to intervertebral space after dislocation (8-screw 2-rod group). Operative time and intraoperative blood loss were compared between the two groups. The Cobb’s angle was measured on lateral X-ray film of two groups preoperatively and 1 week postoperatively and during the final folow-up. The neurological function was evaluated by Frankel classification. The visual analogue scale was adopted to assess the degree of low back pain. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Patients were folowed up for 1 to 5 years. Significant differences were detected in the operative time between the two groups, and operative time was better in the 4-screw 2-rod group than in the 8-screw 2-rod group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. The deformity of fracture-dislocation had been corrected, and the pain of low back had significantly relieved in al patients after fixation. According to Frankel classification, two cases at Grade A were improved to Grade E, but eight cases at Grade A got no improvement after treatment. Two cases at Grade B were also improved to Grade E at the final folow-up. Significant differences in Cobb’s angle and visual analogue scale were detectable at 1 week postoperatively and during final folow-up as compared with preoperatively (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was visible between final folow-up and 1 week postoperatively. No significant difference in Cobb’s angle and visual analogue scale was observed between the 4-screw 2-rod group and 8-screw 2-rod group. Results indicate that there was no significant difference in the clinical efficacy between 4-screw 2-rod single-segment and 8-screw 2-rod multiple-segment fixation for treating type C1 thoracolumbar vertebrae fracture-dislocation. Therefore, AO-C1 thoracolumbar vertebrae fracture-dislocation could be treated with 4-screw 2-rod single-segment reduction fixation.

Purpose:To determine the efficacy of paclitaxel in human bladder cancer lines and to investigate the mechanism by which paclita xel induce apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells. Methods:BIU-87, 5637, T24 and EJ bladder cancer cell lines wer e cultured by techniques of cell culture in vitro. The cytotoxic activity an d apoptosis induction abilities of paclitaxel were analyzed by MTT and Annexin- V assay as well as DNA cytometry , respectively. The effects on the cell cycle w ere assessed by flow cytometry of propidium iodide. The expressions of Bcl-2, B ax, p53 and Caspase3 proteins were determined by flow cytometry immunofluorescen ce. Results:Paclitaxel dose-dependent inhibition of cell prolifera tion was seen.Paclitaxel induced G_2/M arrest (71.29% and 64.57%) which was maximal in 5637 and EJ cell lines. While paclitaxel at 1?g/ml concentration ex posure to 5637 12h, 14h and 48h respectively, the apoptosis rates of the respect ive times were 5.0%, 12.9%, 27.6%. The expression of genes p53 and Bcl-2 was no t influenced, whereas the expression of Bax and Caspase3 had increases time-dep endently after exposure to paclitaxel. The analysis of Annexin-V showed a drama tic dose-dependent increase of apoptosis. Conclusions:Paclitaxel inhibited bladder cancer cells prolifera tion and had more effect on those cells whose grade was lower and doubling time was longer. Paclitaxel could block G_2/M arrest, and induce apoptosis by th e path of Bcl-2/Bax in bladder cancer cell lines.

Objective To explore the efficacy of transurethral resection of bladder neck(female)and urinary sphincter(male)to treat neurogenic urinary dysfunction. Methods Forty-one patients(28 women and 13 men)with neurogenic urinary dysfunction(dysuria)were retrospectively analyzed.All patients had sacral neurological damage.The mean patient age was 27(12-43)years.All patients had urinary retention and ureter dilation.Twenty-nine patients had renal function damage.Residual urine volume was 151-700 ml(mean 420 m1).MFR was 4-14 ml/s.After local anesthesia,bladder neck(female)was incised at 5,6,7 o'clock to the circle fiber.Urinary sphincter(male) was cut off at 11,1 o'clock and was dilated using sound(F24-F27).The catheterization time was 1-2 weeks. Results All 41 patients were followed up,from 2 months to 252 months,average 85 months.Thirty-six patients(88%)were completely recovered with no residual urine,no dilation of ureter and pelvis,no renal function damage.of these 36 cases,surgery was carried out once for 1 patient,twice for 20 and 3 times for 15.Five patients(12%)were not improved. Conclusion Transurethral resection of bladder neck(female)and urinary sphincter(reale)to treat neurogenic urinary dysfunction could be an effective method.

Objective To investigate the role of mucosal mast cells infiltration and degranulation with nerve growth factor (NGF)in development of visceral hypersensitivity in Sprague-Dawley (SD)rats. Methods The model of visceral hypersensitivity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)was established in 19 neonate SD rats with intestinal stimulation (rectalballon distention)on 8th,10th and 12th postnatal days. The other 19 neonate SD rats without colonic distention were assigned to the control group.After rats grew up (six to eight weeks old),the visceral sensitivity was tested by abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR)in 10 rats of each group.Mast cell infiltration and degranulation were observed with toluidine blue staining in colon tissue slides.The NGF level of intestinal tissues was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)methods in the left nine rats of each group.The culture system of dorsal root ganglias (DRG)from the neonatal rats was set up.The changes of electrophysilogical characters of DRG stimulated with NGF (100 ng/mL)for four days were recorded with patch-clamp.Paired t test was performed for comparison between groups.Results The results of AWR indicated that neonatal colonic stimulation could significantly increase visceral sensitivity after growing up.Under 20,40 and 60 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)distention pressure,visceral sensitivity scores of visceral hypersensitivity rats and rats of control group were 1 .00±0.50 vs 1 .67 ±0.50,1 .89 ±0.31 vs 2.89 ±0.34 and 2.89 ±0.33 vs 3.89±0.33,the differences were statistically significant (t=-2.83,-6.00 and -6.00,all P <0.05 ). The results of master cells staining in tissue slides showed colonic master cells infiltration was obvious in rats with visceral hypersensitivity,and part of mast cells were degranulation.The result of ELISA demonstrated that NGF level of visceral hypersensitivity rats was significantly higher than that of control group ((11.07±3.06)pg/mg vs (2.38 ±1.88)pg/mg,t =-6.93,P <0.05).The results of electrophysilogical tests of primary cultured DRG indicated that compared with blank control growp,the action potential threshold of neuron in NGF 100 ng/mL group significantly decreased ((-18.0±2.1 )mV vs (-29.0 ± 2.5 )mV,t = 12.26,P <0.05)and discharge frequency increased ((5 .0± 1 .4 )/800 ms vs (12.0 ± 3.2)/800 ms,t=-8.40,P <0.05 ).Meanwhile,neuron voltage-gated K+ current density remarkably decreased,most were sustained delayed rectifier K+ current (I K )decreasing ((279.0 ±48.0)pA/pF vs (203.0±39.0)pA/pF,t=6.18,P <0.05).Conclusion Colonic stimulation in neonatal rats could cause intestinal master cells infiltration and degranulation,which induced changes of neuron electrophysilogical characters and resulted in visceral hypersensitivity after growing up.