The interferon-γ testing and the comparative cervical skin test were compared with the simple cervical hypersensitivity test routinely used in our country in herds infected with Mycobacterium bovis, in which 167 infected cattle from 5 herds were tested with interferon-γ testing and the comparative cervical test (CCT) simultaneously and other 106 cattle were tested with other hypersensitivity tests used as control for comparison. In these 167 cattle tested with both tests, 89 cattle were proved to be positive both in interferon-γ testing and CCT using the bovine PPD of Netherland with a coincidence rate of 92.7% (89/96). In 106 cattle the coincidence rate of positive reactions detected by γ-interferon test and CCT was 93.41% (78/83.5), that detected by the routine skin of foreign country was 62.26%(66/106); and that between the hypersensitivity test of China and foreign country was 92.19% (59/64). It is obvious that the interferon-γ testing and CCT seem to have higher coincidence rate and the specificity of the skin tests used in our country was rather low. Consequently, the use of the comparative cervical skin test should be considered to replace the routinely used shin tests.

There are limited reports available regarding the treatment of amputated noses. This article presented a case of an incompletely amputated nose in a 47-year-old male who was admitted to Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital in July 2023. He was characterized by an amputated right nasal tip and alar region, with an avulsion area of approximately 4 cm×4 cm. The broad pedicle was connected to the nasal base, approximately 5 mm below the remaining nasal column, and only the nasal column retained a satisfactory arterial blood supply. During the operation, the amputated tissue was implanted in situ, and clindamycin was employed to prevent infection after the operation by intravenous infusion. Bloodletting with flaps, wet application of heparin saline, and massage were employed and all the amputated tissue survived. The appearance of the nose was deemed acceptable. By reviewing relevant literature, the author discussed and summarized the methods of nasal blood supply and treatment for nasal amputated injuries, thereby providing a reference for the management of similar cases.

There are limited reports available regarding the treatment of amputated noses. This article presented a case of an incompletely amputated nose in a 47-year-old male who was admitted to Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital in July 2023. He was characterized by an amputated right nasal tip and alar region, with an avulsion area of approximately 4 cm×4 cm. The broad pedicle was connected to the nasal base, approximately 5 mm below the remaining nasal column, and only the nasal column retained a satisfactory arterial blood supply. During the operation, the amputated tissue was implanted in situ, and clindamycin was employed to prevent infection after the operation by intravenous infusion. Bloodletting with flaps, wet application of heparin saline, and massage were employed and all the amputated tissue survived. The appearance of the nose was deemed acceptable. By reviewing relevant literature, the author discussed and summarized the methods of nasal blood supply and treatment for nasal amputated injuries, thereby providing a reference for the management of similar cases.

Objective:To study the level of neutralizing antibodies produced in the population at different time intervals after completion of the inactivated 2019-nCoV vaccine immunization, and to evaluate the protective effect produced by the vaccine in the population.Methods:Fifty volunteers were included in this study, the neutralizing antibodies were detected by ELISA, and the inhibition rate and positive rate were calculated from the absorbance OD value.Results:The positive rates were 76% (38/50), 68% (34/50), 30% (15/50) and 100% (50/50) in the groups of 6, 8, 10 months’ intervals and intensive immunization, respectively; while the mean suppression rates were 58.80%, 49.86%, 34.60 and 95.55%, respectively. The result of the time main effects test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean inhibition rate between the different time periods (F = 326.00, P<0.001). The paired t-test showed a gradual decrease in the mean inhibition rate in the 6th, 8th and 10th month, with a significant increase ( P<0.001) after 7-day in intensive immunization. Conclusions:This study showed after two doses of the 2019-nCoV vaccine, the level of neutralizing antibodies gradually decreased and weakened over time, but there was immune memory in the body, and when the body intensively stimulated by vaccine again, the level of neutralizing antibodies would rise significantly.

Our previous studies found that mitochondrial uncouplers induced vasodilation. Triclosan, the broad spectrum antibacterial agent, is the active ingredient in soaps and toothpastes. It was reported that triclosan induced mitochondrial uncoupling, so we aim to investigate the effects of triclosan on vascular function of rat mesenteric arteries and aorta. The isometric tension of rat mesenteric artery and thoracic aorta was recorded by multi-wire myograph system. The cytosolic [Ca], mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential of smooth muscle cells (A10 cells) were measured using laser scanning confocal microscopy. Triclosan treatment relaxed phenylephrine (PE)- and high K(KPSS)-induced constriction, and pre-treatment with triclosan inhibited PE- and KPSS-induced constriction of rat mesenteric arteries. In rat thoracic aorta, triclosan also relaxed PE- and KPSS-induced constriction. Triclosan induces vasorelaxation without involving Kchannel activation in smooth muscle cells of arteries. Triclosan treatment increased cytosolic [Ca], mitochondrial ROS production and depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential in A10 cells. In conclusion, triclosan induces mitochondrial uncoupling in vascular smooth muscle cells and relaxes the constricted rat mesenteric arteries and aorta of rats. The present results suggest that triclosan would indicate vasodilation effect if absorbed excessively.

Mitochondria are morphologically dynamic organelles which undergo fission and fusion processes. Our previous study found that arterial constriction was always accompanied by increased mitochondrial fission in smooth muscle cells, whereas inhibition of mitochondrial fission in smooth muscle cells was associated with arterial relaxation. Here, we used the typical vasorelaxants, verapamil and phentolamine, to further confirm the coupling between arterial constriction and mitochondrial fission in rat aorta. Results showed that phentolamine but not verapamil induced vasorelaxation in phenylephrine (PE)-induced rat thoracic aorta constriction. Verapamil, but not phentolamine, induced vasorelaxation in high K(KPSS)-induced rat thoracic aorta constriction. Pre-treatment with phentolamine prevented PE- but not KPSS-induced aorta constriction and pre-treatment with verapamil prevented both PE- and KPSS-induced aorta constriction. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that verapamil but not phentolamine inhibited KPSS-induced excessive mitochondrial fission in aortic smooth muscle cells, and verapamil prevented both PE- and KPSS-induced excessive mitochondrial fission in aortic smooth muscle cells. Verapamil inhibited KPSS-induced excessive mitochondrial fission in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (A10). These results further demonstrate that arterial relaxation is coupled to inhibition of mitochondrial fission in arterial smooth muscle cells.