Objective To study the effect of family integrated care (FIC) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to the development of preterm infants at 18 months of age.Method This is a prospective parallel case-control study.Infants in FIC group were preterm infants enrolled in previous FIC study with gestational age (GA) 28-35 weeks.Study period was from July 2015 to July 2016.Subjects were all enrolled from Department of Child Healthcare in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.Infants in control group were gender,birth weight (BW),BW percentile and days of life (DOL) at follow up matched (1:1 ratio) preterm infants who did not enter FIC in NICU.The age at follow-up was 18 months.Study parameters were maternal education year,socioeconomic status (SES) by Graffar method,home observation for measurement of the environment (HOME),mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) by mental and psychomotor Bayley scales of infant development (BSID).SPSS 20.0 of x2 test,t test,Pearson coefficient test and Spearman coefficient test were used for the statistical analysis.Result Totally 67 infants were enrolled in each of FIC group and control group,with percentage of male gender 52％ (35 infants) and 51％ (34 infants),representatively.GA of FIC group and control group was (32.4 ± 1.7) and (32.2 ± 1.6) weeks,BW was (1 690 ±415) and (1 719 ± 412) g.Weight at 18 months follow-up was (10 ± 1) and (10 ± 1) kg,maternal education year was (15 ± 2) and (15 ±2) years,SES was (42 ±6) and (41 ±6) score,HOME was (31 ±5) and (32 ±5) score,representatively.There was no significant difference between FIC group and control group in the above parameters,making these 2 groups comparable.The MDI and PDI of FIC group were significantly higher than those of control group ((95 ± 9) vs.(86 ± 9),(87 ± 9) vs.(80 ± 8) score,t =5.506,4.502,both P =0.000).The MDI and PDI of all groups were positively correlated to GA (r =0.398 and 0.272,P =0.000 and 0.001),but the difference of MDI or PDI between FIC group and control group was not related to GA (r =0.679 and-0.393,P =0.094 and O.383).Conclusion FIC in NICU is beneficial to the development of preterm infants at 18 months of age.It is worthwhile to promote FIC in NICU in China.Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR-TRC-14004736

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of neonatal chylothorax.Methods:The clinical data of newborns diagnosed with chylothorax from June 2016 to June 2023 in Neonatal Center of Beijing Children's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and divided into congenital group and acquired group according to the pathogenesis of chylothorax. The clinical characteristics, treatment methods and prognosis of the two groups were compared.Results:A total of 23 cases were included, including 17 cases (73.9%) in the congenital group and 6 cases (26.1%) in the acquired group. There was no significant difference in gender, gestational age and birth weight between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with the acquired group, the proportion of lymphocytes (97.0% vs. 85.0%), the use of erythromycin (7/17 vs. 1/6) and octreotide (9/17 vs. 1/6) and special formula milk feeding (13/17 vs. 2/6) were higher in the congenital group; the proportion of right hydrothorax (1/17 vs. 3/6), invasive mechanical ventilation (6/17 vs. 6/6) and breastfeeding (0/17 vs. 3/6) were lower in the congenital group ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of the white blood cell count in pleural fluid and plasma protein content, incidence of bilateral and left pleural fluid, proportion of closed thoracic drainage, maximum daily drainage volume, drainage duration, total drainage volume, albumin utilization rate, length of stay and survival rate between the two groups ( P>0.05). 18 cases of pleural effusion absorption without recurrence after conservative treatment; 5 cases died, of which 4 cases died after their parents abandoned treatment, and 1 case died of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis after thoracic duct ligation surgery. Conclusions:Congenital chylothorax and acquired chylothorax were similar in severity, course of disease and overall prognosis. The utilization rate of erythromycin and octreotide in congenital chylothorax was higher than that in acquired chylothorax. The neonatal chylothorax is usually with an overall good prognosis.