Objective To observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine combined with ambroxol aerosol inhalation on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in an acute stage. Methods 70 patients with COPD in an acute stage were randomly recruited into a control group and a treament group. The control group was treated with conventional western medical treatment and the treatment group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine combined with ambroxol aerosol inhalation based on the conventional western medical treatment Lung function (FEV1 and FVC) and clinical symptoms were observed after treatment. Results Compared with the control group, lung function (FEV1 FVC) and clinical symptoms in the treatment group were apparently improved after the treatment (P<0.05) .Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine combined with ambroxol aerosol inhalation may improve clinical symptoms and lung function of COPD patients in an acute stage.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022, so as to provide insights into AIDS prevention and control among young students. Methods: Data of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students at ages of 15 years and older in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022 were collected through the Infectious Disease Surveillance System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the Sentinel Surveillance Questionnaire Survey System database of the AIDS Prevention and Control Information System. Demographic information, high-risk behaviors, detection pathways and the first measurement of CD4+T lymphocyte cell (CD4 cell) counts were analyzed. Results: A total of 205 HIV/AIDS cases among young students were newly reported in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022, accounting for 6.53% of the total number of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in the same period. There were 201 males and 4 females, with 132 cases at ages of 20 to 24 years (64.39%). Seventy-two cases were registered in Zhengzhou City (35.12%), and the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases registered in Zhengzhou City from 2017 to 2022 showed an upward trend (P<0.05). All cases were infected through sexual contact, including 167 cases of homosexual contact (81.46%); 143 cases had their first sexual activity at ages of 18 years and older (69.76%); 105 cases had 4 or more sexual partners (51.22%), and the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases with 4 or more sexual partners from 2017 to 2022 showed an increasing trend (P<0.05); 139 cases had never used condoms (67.80%); 132 cases were detected by counseling and testing (64.39%); 59 cases had been tested for HIV antibody before confirmation (28.78%), and the proportion of those who had been tested for HIV antibody before confirmation showed a downward trend from 2017 to 2022 (P<0.05); 190 cases of CD4 cell counts were detected, with 18 cases less than 200 cells/μL (9.47%). Conclusion From 2017 to 2022, the newly reported HIV/AIDS cases among young students in Zhengzhou City were predominantly males at ages of 20 to 24 years, with increasing proportion of local residence and homosexual transmission, and some cases have had severe immunodeficiency when they were found.

Objective To investigate the application of syphilis detection in the pre-pregnancy eugenics inspection.Methods 12 900 women who attended the national free pre-pregnancy eugenics inspection from March 201 1 to October 2013 were selected as subjects.The treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay(TPPA)and rapid plasma regain test(RPR)were conducted among them before pregnancy,and the results of syphilis detections were recorded and compared.Results In 12 900 women,63 cases (0.49%)were syphilis positive in RPR tests,129 cases(1.00%)were syphilis positive in TPPA test,and 45 cases(0.35%)were syphilis positive both in RPR and TPPA tests.There were significant differences in positive rates of syphilis between that in the RPR test and that in the TPPA test(P <0.05),while no significant differences were found in positive rates of syphilis between that in the RPR test and that in the combined detection of RPR test and TPPA test.There were significant differences in positive rate of syphilis between that in the TPPA test and that in the combined detection of RPR test and TPPA test(P <0.05).The sensitivity of RPR test and TPPA test was 71.4% and 34.9%,respectively.Conclusion Both the RPR test and TPPA test could be the fast and ef-fective method in diagnosis of syphilis.However,RPR test might be more sensitive,which could be widely used in the pre-pregnancy eugen-ics healthy screening.Moreover,the diagnosis results could be confirmed by combination of RPR test and TPPA test.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of abdominal acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine for the treatment of functional constipation. Methods Ninety-three qi-deficiency functional constipation patients were evenly randomized into western medicine group, Chinese medicine group and combination group. The western medicine group was given oral use of Dupbalac, Chinese medicine group was given modified Buzhong Yiqi decoction, and the combination group was given abdominal acupuncture and oral use of modified Buzhong Yiqi decoction. The treatment of the three groups covered 3 months. After treatment, the therapeutic effect was evaluated accord ing to the symptom scores and the examination results of gastrointestinal kinetics. Results ( 1) The total effective rate for relieving symptoms was 100.00% in combination group, 90.32% in Chinese medicine group, and 38.71% in western medicine group, and the effect was the best in the combination group ( P<0.05). ( 2) The combination group had stronger effect on relieving dyskinesis of anal sphincter, rectal sensibility, colonic transportation than Chinese medicine group and western medicine group (P<0.05). Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine shows certain therapeutic effect for the treatment of qi-deficiency functional constipation, and the effect is superior to that of Chinese medicine or Dupbalac.

In medical colleges, it is difficult to effectively carry out design experiment teach-ing in functional experiment because of the limitation of many factors such as the large number of stu-dents and the shortage of teachers and teaching resources. This study explored the multi-level teaching of designing experiment. Through gradually increasing the difficulty of the teaching content, the center position of the students was improved. Besides, the students' knowledge expanded from books to the subject research frontiers and their awareness of innovation was gradually enhanced. The survey showed that students' satisfaction with the teaching was up to 90% and their self-learning ability was en-hanced. However, it should be noticed that teaching time should be arranged reasonably and the teach-ing process should be supervised in design experiment to ensure the effective experiment teaching.

Objective To design a new type of field operation instrument for easy to spread a rescue surgery rapidly in field first -aid at the present stage. Methods The traditional field operation instrument set is innovated in its composition, structure and function. The packing instrument procedure can be omitted. The new field operation instrument set is made of four different operation instrument boxes, two of which can be put into a standard field medical case. Results It is designed to be convenient to have a rescue surgery rapidly and to be washed, sterilized, conveyed and kept in aseptic storage. Conclusion The new field operation instrument case has such advantages as compactness, reasonable allocation and function completed, so it can be used easily.

Objective To investigate the regulatory effects of IFN-γon the expression of pro-grammed death ligand 2 (PDL2) on human placenta mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) and the hPMSCs-induced differentiation of peripheral blood CD 8+IL-10+T cell subsets .Methods hPMSCs were isolated from mature human placenta by enzyme digestion .The expression of PDL2 on hPMSCs and the regulatory effects of IFN-γon PDL2 expression were detected by RT-PCR and flow cytometry ( FCM ) , respectively . Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy subjects by density gradient centrif-ugation.T cells were purified with sheep red blood cells .FCM was used to detect the ratios of CD 8+IL-10+T cell subsets in PHA or CD3/CD28 beads activated T cells in the presence of hPMSCs treated with Anti-PDL2 McAb or IFN-γ.Results PDL2 molecules were highly expressed on hPMSCs that could be further enhanced by IFN-γ.The results of FCM demonstrated that hPMSCs could induce the differentiation of CD 8+IL-10+T cell subsets .The ratios of CD8+IL-10+T cell population in T cells activated by different stimulators including PHA and CD3/CD28 beads were significantly increased in the presence of hPMSCs as compared with those without hPMSCs (P<0.01).In addition, the antibody blocking experiments indicated that PDL 2 McAb down-regulated the percentages of CD 8+IL-10+T cell subsets in PHA or CD 3/CD28 beads stimulated T cells in the presence of hPMSCs as compared with those of unblocked groups .CD8+IL-10+T cell subsets were up-regulated in IFN-γtreated hPMSCs groups as compared with those of untreated groups .Conclusion hPMSCs could induce the differentiation of peripheral blood T cells into CD 8+IL-10+T cell subsets , which was enhanced by PDL 2 expressed on hPMSCs .IFN-γcould promote the differentiation of CD 8+IL-10+T cell subsets induced by hPMSCs through up-regulating the expression of PDL2 on hPMSCs.

Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of N-acetyltransferase 2(NAT2)genes and anti-tuberculosis drug induced hepatic-injury(ADIH).Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted.One hundred and six cases fulfilling the criteria of ADIH were selected as ADIH group from the patients who received anti-tuberculosis therapy.whereas those patients without any hepatic inj ury related elinical symptoms during three months of follow-up period were selected as control.The genetic polymorphisms of the loci,NAT2481C/T,NAT2-590G/A and NAT2-857G/A,were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism technique(PCR-RFLP)in patients who received antituberculosis therapy.The major environmental factors and genotypes were analyzed by univariate and multivariate conditional Logistic analyses.Results The T,AA allele frequencies of NAT2-481C/T,NAT2-590G/A and NAT2-857G/A were 7.5%,28.8%and 17.9%respectively in ADIH group,and 6.6%,18.9%and 17.5%,respectively in the control group.Univariate analysis demonstrated that the frequency of NAT2 slow acetylation genotype in ADIH group was significantly higher than that in control group with a crude OR(95%CI)of 2.250(1.140-4.441).Among 6 potential risk factors,i.e.education level,occupation,body mass index(BMI),smoking,drinking and the type of tuberculosis,the low BMI and drinking were two risk factors for ADIH.In multivariate analysis,ADIH remained associated with acetylation genotype after adjusting for BMI and drinking status.The adjusted OR(95%CI)was 2.246(1.086-4.644).Conclusion NAT2 slow acetylation genotype may be associated with the occurrence of ADIH.

Objective To discuss the relationship of drip velocity of nitrate on blood pressure while treating coronary disease,in order to provide appropriate drip velocity for clinical treatment.Methods 155 patients with coronary disease using nitrate to lower blood pressure were selected.They were divided into the nitro glycerin group(85 cases) and the isosorbide mononitrate group( 70 cases) according to difference of medication.The velocity of drugs was adjusted on basis of blood pressure changes.The blood pressure changes at different drip velocities were observed and compared.Results The systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure between two groups showed no difference at 20 drops/min,but the results were the opposite at 30 drops/min.The systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure in the nitro glycerin group showed evident changes at different drip velocities,but in the isosorbide mononitrate group,these changes were not so significant.9 patients in the nitro glycerin group had headache during treatment,no headache occurred in the isosorbide mononitrate group.Conclusions Intravenous use of nitrate at a velocity of 20 drops/min is relative secure.The risk of hypotension will increase if the medication speed increases.lsosorbide mononitrate has little influence on blood pressure.

Objective To investigate the effect of programmed death ligand 2 (PDL2) in human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells(hPMSCs) mediated immunoregulation on peripheral blood T cells activation,proliferation and cell cycle.Methods The expression of the PDL2 on hPMSCs was detected by RT-PCR,LSCM and FCM,respectively.Specific PDL2 siRNAs were transfected into hPMSCs via cathodolyte liposome transfection method.T cells were sorted from healthy peripheral blood by gradient centrifugation.The expression of early activation phenotype,proliferation and cell cycle of T cells were analyzed by FCM.Results PDL2 siRNA could effectively block the expression of PDL2 which was highly expressed on hPMSCs.The expression of CD69 on T cells had no significantly difference in blocking groups compared with unblocking groups.hPMSCs could inhibit the proliferation of T cells induced by PMA,compared with that of unblocking groups,the number of the T cells in G0/G1 phase was decreased while the number of the T cells in S phase was increased in the blocking groups.Conclusion PDL2 expressed on hPMSCs could promote the inhibitory effect of hPMSCs on T cell cycle and proliferation.