Objective To analyze the differences of time-effect and pathologic feature in the course of development of liver fibrosis between the two kinds of hepatic fibrotic animal models, which were made by CCl 4 and pig serum (PS) methods.Methods Rat models of liver fibrosis were made by using CCl 4 and PS ten week methods.At 6,10,14 and 20 weeks of model making respectively,pathological features of liver fibrosis were observed and analyzed by Masson staining and computerized image analyzing system.Results In CCl 4-induced model,fibrotic pseudolobuli developed at 6 weeks during model making, became typical at 10 weeks, and got stable thereafter.Ballooning degeneration of liver cells was outstanding,and paralleled with model making course.In PS-induced model, fibrosis occurred at 10 weeks during model making, and still developed though the model making was stopped,but ballooning degeneration of liver cells was not presented.Conclusions There was some different in time-effect relation and pathologic feature of liver fibrosis between the two methods of model making. This indicated that different mechanisms were involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. The two methods of model making should be combined to study of liver fibrosis.The prophylactic and treatment by anti-fibrotic drugs should last no less than 14 weeks.

Objective To explore the methods of thoracoscopic intrapleural perfusion hyperthermic chemotherapy(TIPHC)on diagnosing and treating malignant pleural effusion caused by lung cancer,as well as its effect.Methods From February 1999 to March 2006,seventy patients with malignant pleural effusion caused by lung cancer were randomly divided into therapeutic group(35 cases)and control group(35 cases).Pleural biopsy and TIPHC under general anesthesia with unilateral ventilation were performed in the therapeutic group,and intrapleural injection of cisplatin was administered in the control group after drainage of pleural effusion.The effect on malignant pleural effusion,the change for the concentration of carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA),cytokeratin-19 fragments(CYFRA21-1),neuron-specific enolase(NSE)and the side effect were compared before and after the treatment.Results The therapeutic group achieved total response rate of 100%,but only 54.3% in the control group,with significant difference(P

Objective To compare the influence of different admission modes on quality of life of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods 200 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly assigned to discontinuous group and continuous group with 100 cases in each group. All patients were treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs. A discontinuous hospitalization combined with home treatment was given to the discontinuous group and a continuous hospitalization to the continuous group for 1 year. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were respectively used to evaluate the patient's condition and quality of life before and after the intervention. Results The intervention methods on scores of PANSS and SQLS in both groups had a change trend with time. The scores of PANSS and SQLS were significantly lower in the end of 6 months and 1 year after intervention than before in both groups (F=2119.513, 390.981, P=0.000). There was a interaction effect between intervention method and time in both groups on the scores of PANSS and SQLS (F=17.660, 11.709, P=0.000). There was significant difference between 2 groups on the score of PANSS (F=19.673,P=0.000). The decrease range of those scores was greater in the discontinuous group than in the continuous group (P=0.000). Conclusion A discontinuous hospitalization combined with home treatment is more beneficial than a continuous hospitalization for the patients with chronic schizophrenia in controlling the syndrome and improving or keeping the quality of life.

Objective To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the rehabilitation of intermittent hospitalization combined with home treatmenton chronic schizophrenics. Methods 100 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly assigned to study group and controlgroup, 50 cases in each group. All patients in both groups were treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs. An intermittent hospitalization combinedwith home treatment was given to the study group and a continuous hospitalization to the control group for a year. Positive and NegativeSyndrome Scale (PANSS), Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were used to evaluatethe patient's condition and activity of daily living and quality of life before and after the intervention. In the meantime, a cost-effectivenessanalysis was made. Results The interventions had significant influence on the scores of PANSS, ADL and SQLS in both groups. Thescores of PANSS, ADL and SQLS were significantly lower 1 year after the intervention than before in both groups (FB= 540.577, 318.148,326.751, all P=0.000). There was a significant interaction effect between intervention method and time in both groups on the scores ofPANSS, ADL and SQLS (FAB=13.710, 10.918, 6.578, P=0.000, 0.001, 0.012). The decrease value of those scores was significantly greater inthe study group than in the control group (t=3.703, 3.304, 2.565, P=0.000, 0.001, 0.012). The ratio of cost-effectiveness was larger in thestudy group than in the control group (t=7.035, P=0.000). Conclusion Intermittent hospitalization combined with home treatment is morebeneficial for the patients with chronic schizophrenia in controlling the syndrome, keeping or improving the activity of daily living and thequality of life. Therefore its rehabilitation benefit is better than that of continuous hospitalization.

This article introduces the safety risks of the novel light-based home-use hair removal device, and analyzes the differences in regulation among China, the United States and the European Union. In China, household intense pulsed light hair removal devices will also be supervised in accordance with medical device regulations. Therefore, the safety standards adopted in the absence of specific regulations are no longer applicable to the new regulatory requirements. It is imperative to adopt the new standards available to home photoepilators, so as to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the approved devices.
China ; European Union ; Hair Removal ; Reference Standards ; United States

Objective To investigate whether chlorophyllin could protect human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) against oxidative damage by inducing the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and to explore the underlying mechanism.Methods The cellular protection of chlorophyllin against oxidative damage was detected by cell-survival assay with flow cytometry.The level of free radicals was detected directly by electron spin resonance spectra.The induced expression of HO-1 was shown by RT-PCR,Western blot,immunofluorescence confocal laser microscopy and enzymatic activity test.Whether the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway was involved was detected by Western blot.Results Chlorophyllin could protect HUVEC against oxidative damage caused by H2O2 via scavenging the excessive free radicals.Chlorophyllin treatment could induce expression of HO-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner.The activation of PI3K/Akt pathway was required in the induction of HO-1.LY294002,the specific inhibitor of PI3K,could suppress the activation of PI3K/Akt and the induced expression of HO-1 in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions Chlorophyllin shows cellular protection against oxidative damage by counteracting the excessive free radicals.Up-regulation of HO-1 expression plays a pivotal role in the protection of chlorophyllin,while the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is required in the induction of HO-1.

Objective　To identify the mutation characteristic of STK11 gene in Chinese with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS) and establish the base of the gene diagnosis of PJS.Methods　STK11 germline mutation was analysed by DNA sequencing in 18 unrelation patients with PJS.Results　Six novel mutations of STK11 gene were detected in six unrelation patients. These mutations will lead to production of truncated protein.Conclusion　STK11 gene mutation accounts for one third of the Chinese with PJS. The content of mutation includes single base substitution or deletion and one or two bases insertion. The mutations were widely found in different regions of the whole coding sequence, and 2/3 of those concentrate in exon 1. Mutation frequency is 66.7% in the family suffering PJS in two or more generations, and 16.7% in the disseminated cases.

This paper summarized the clinical experience in the treatment of hemiplegia after stroke based on the theory of “sanjiao （三焦）-original yang". It is believed that original yang， distributed throughout the body through sanjiao， warms the zang-fu （脏腑） organs and tissues. The key pathogenesis of hemiplegia after stroke is original yang depletion and disturbance of sanjiao. The treatment principle should be reinforcing and assisting original yang， and regulating qi movement of sanjiao. The main acupoints selected should be Baihui （GV 20）， Shenting （GV 24）， Touwei （ST 8）， Sanyangluo （SJ 8）， Jiuwei （CV 15）， Qichong （ST 30）， Yanglingquan （GB 34）， Xuanzhong （GB 39） and Shenmai （BL 62）. Clinically， according to the clinical manifestations of hemiplegia in the flaccid and spastic stages and the differentiated syndromes and symptoms， acupoints can be modified， and different acupuncture techniques can be used to dredge and unblock the channels and collaterals.

In this study, the effective substance group and molecular mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Persicae Semen combination (RRR-PS) in activating blood circulation and dispelling blood stasis were investigated by integrating efficacy experiments, network pharmacology and HPLC. The rat model of blood stasis syndrome was established, and the blood rheology index and coagulation four comprehensive evaluation were carried out. The results showed that compared with the model group, the whole blood viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and erythrocyte aggregation index of the rats in the RRR-PS group were significantly callback (P < 0.01). Network pharmacology found that RRR-PS combination exerted the effect of activating blood circulation and dispelling blood stasis by acting on calmodulin-1 (CALM1), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2), glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) and other targets, regulating platelet activation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF) and other signaling pathways, and found key components: sennoside B, (+)-catechin, emodin, physcion, rhein, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, gallic acid. HPLC was used to explore the dissolution rate of key components. The results showed that the contents of catechin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion were significantly increased after RRR-PS combination (P < 0.01). In summary, RRR-PS has a significant effect on promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and its mechanism of action is related to promoting angiogenesis, anti-coagulation, anti-thrombosis and anti-inflammation. The efficacy is related to the change of solvent system and the large dissolution of catechin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion after the RRR-PS combination. The results of the study can further provide a reference for the follow-up study on the active substances and mechanism of the RRR-PS combination. Animal experiments have been approved by the Experimental Animal Committee of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. SUCMDL20210309002).

Objective:To explore the influence of pancreatic stents of different lengths on the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP).Methods:Data of 299 patients with biliary tract diseases who received endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and 5 Fr prophylactic pancreatic stents placement at the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2013 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the short-stent group (<5 cm, n=163) and the long-stent group (>5 cm, n=136). Baseline data, intraoperative procedures, and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups and propensity score matching (PSM) was used for complementary analysis. The primary endpoint was the incidence of PEP. The risk factors for PEP in patients with prophylactic pancreatic stents placement was explored by logistic regression analysis . Results:The overall PEP incidence was 11.0% (33/299). There was no significant difference in the PEP incidence [11.7% (19/163) VS 10.3% (14/136), χ 2=0.140, P=0.708], moderate-to-severe PEP incidence [1.8% (3/163) VS 2.2% (3/136), χ 2=0.000, P=1.000], or spontaneous stent dislodgement rate within two weeks [81.7% (103/126) VS 78.4% (87/111), χ 2=0.421, P=0.516] between the two groups. After PSM, 123 patients were included in each group, and the overall PEP incidence was 8.9% (22/246). There was no significant difference in PEP incidence [8.9% (11/123) VS 8.9% (11/123), χ 2=0.000, P=1.000], moderate-to-severe PEP incidence [0.8% (1/123) VS 1.6% (2/123), χ 2=0.000, P=1.000], or spontaneous stent dislodgement rate within two weeks [80.6% (75/93) VS 78.6% (77/98), χ 2=0.126, P=0.722] between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that normal liver function ( OR=2.36, 95% CI:1.01-5.51, P=0.046) and failed bile duct cannulation ( OR=7.51, 95% CI:2.18-25.96, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for PEP in patients with biliary tract diseases who received prophylactic pancreatic stents placement. Conclusion:Longer 5 Fr pancreatic stents (>5 cm) do not further reduce the overall risk of PEP or moderate-to-severe PEP compared with 5Fr-5 cm stent. Normal liver function and failure of bile duct intubation were independent risk factors for PEP after prophylactic pancreatic stent placement in patients with biliary diseases.