Objective To measure hepatic ultrasonic integrated backscatter (IBS) in healthy rabbits as a non-invasive quantitative diagnostic means for hepatic steatosis, hepatic fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis; to determine the factors that may influence the IBS measurement. Methods Thirty-five healthy New Zealand white rabbits with normal liver function tests and normal liver biopsies were used in this study. HP Sonos 5500 image system with quantitative analysis function was used for IBS measurement. With the machine setting fixed, and optimal image obtained, left and right liver were divided into near, medial and far areas according to the depth. Further the measurements of IBS in different depth were performed respectively. Meanwhile, in the same liver the IBS image was collected and the change of IBS intensity was measured in various setting of machine index (MI), time gain compensation (TGC) and lateral gain compensation (LGC). Results Average image intensity (AII) of left liver (from near to far areas) was ( 25.38? 2.36)dB, ( 26.32? 2.38)dB, and ( 26.45? 2.28)dB, respectively. The AII of the right liver (from near to far areas) was ( 24.99? 2.23)dB, ( 24.92? 2.59)dB, and ( 25.38? 2.36)dB, respectively. The average standardized AII of image in left livers was significantly higher than that of the right (P

Objective:To compare the pharmacoeconomics value of domestic olanzapine with imported olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia to provide reference for the rational drug use in clinics. Methods:Two hundred patients with schizophrenia were ran-domly divided into group A ( treated with domestic olanzapine ) and group B ( treated with imported olanzapine ) with 100 cases in each. The treatment course was 8 weeks. The patient’ s condition, adverse reactions, social function, quality of life and daily activity in the two groups were evaluated. Meanwhile, cost-efficacy analysis was performed. Results:The scores of PANSS, SDSS, SQLS and ADL after the treatment were all significantly lower than those before the treatment in both groups (P<0. 01). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05). In the 2nd and 4th weekend after the treatment, the scores of TESS in group A were all significantly higher than those in group B (P<0. 01). The effectiveness of the two groups was similar. The cost in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0. 01). The efficacy-cost ratio in group A was higher than that in group B(P<0. 01). Conclusion:The domestic olanzapine is as effective and safe as imported olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia with lower treat-ment cost. Therefore, the pharmacoeconomics value of domestic olanzapine is much better.

Objective To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the rehabilitation of intermittent hospitalization combined with home treatmenton chronic schizophrenics. Methods 100 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly assigned to study group and controlgroup, 50 cases in each group. All patients in both groups were treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs. An intermittent hospitalization combinedwith home treatment was given to the study group and a continuous hospitalization to the control group for a year. Positive and NegativeSyndrome Scale (PANSS), Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were used to evaluatethe patient's condition and activity of daily living and quality of life before and after the intervention. In the meantime, a cost-effectivenessanalysis was made. Results The interventions had significant influence on the scores of PANSS, ADL and SQLS in both groups. Thescores of PANSS, ADL and SQLS were significantly lower 1 year after the intervention than before in both groups (FB= 540.577, 318.148,326.751, all P=0.000). There was a significant interaction effect between intervention method and time in both groups on the scores ofPANSS, ADL and SQLS (FAB=13.710, 10.918, 6.578, P=0.000, 0.001, 0.012). The decrease value of those scores was significantly greater inthe study group than in the control group (t=3.703, 3.304, 2.565, P=0.000, 0.001, 0.012). The ratio of cost-effectiveness was larger in thestudy group than in the control group (t=7.035, P=0.000). Conclusion Intermittent hospitalization combined with home treatment is morebeneficial for the patients with chronic schizophrenia in controlling the syndrome, keeping or improving the activity of daily living and thequality of life. Therefore its rehabilitation benefit is better than that of continuous hospitalization.

Objective To compare the influence of different admission modes on quality of life of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods 200 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly assigned to discontinuous group and continuous group with 100 cases in each group. All patients were treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs. A discontinuous hospitalization combined with home treatment was given to the discontinuous group and a continuous hospitalization to the continuous group for 1 year. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were respectively used to evaluate the patient's condition and quality of life before and after the intervention. Results The intervention methods on scores of PANSS and SQLS in both groups had a change trend with time. The scores of PANSS and SQLS were significantly lower in the end of 6 months and 1 year after intervention than before in both groups (F=2119.513, 390.981, P=0.000). There was a interaction effect between intervention method and time in both groups on the scores of PANSS and SQLS (F=17.660, 11.709, P=0.000). There was significant difference between 2 groups on the score of PANSS (F=19.673,P=0.000). The decrease range of those scores was greater in the discontinuous group than in the continuous group (P=0.000). Conclusion A discontinuous hospitalization combined with home treatment is more beneficial than a continuous hospitalization for the patients with chronic schizophrenia in controlling the syndrome and improving or keeping the quality of life.

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of the Chinese medical herb decoction qu yin tang combined with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy on psoriasis vulgaris, and to investigate its influ-ence on osteopontin (OPN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum. Methods Sixty patients with psoriasis were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group was treated with qu yin tang and NB-UVB; the control group was treated with qu yin tang only. The levels of OPN and VEGF in serum were detected in both groups before and after treatment using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Twenty healthy persons' serum samples were taken as controls. At the same time, any changes in psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores in the two groups were recorded and compared. Results After 8 weeks of treatment, PASI scores and levels of OPN and VEGF had been reduced significantly in both groups, and there was a significant difference between the treatment group and the control group. Conclusions Chinese medical herbs combined with NB-UVB phototherapy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of psoriasis. The results suggested that OPN and VEGF may play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoirasis vulgaris.

The aim of this paper was to investigate the protective effect of Shengdihuang Decoction(SDHD) on premature ovarian failure in rats and to explore its protective mechanism. Totally 48 adult female SD rats were randomly divided into six groups with 8 rats in each group: control group,model group,Bujiale group,SDHD high,medium and low dose group(12,6,3 g·kg-1). Rats were administered with Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets for 14 d to make model of premature ovarian failure except for control group. Rats were treated with corresponding medicines for 21 d after that. The oestrous cycle was observed,ovarian index and uterine index were detected,respectively. The variation in contents of E2,P,FSH,LH was detected with radioimmunoassay,the morphological changes of ovary and uterus were observed by HE staining,SOD activity and MDA content were detected in serum. The expression of ERα in ovarian and uterine tissues was detected by SABC,and the expression of ERα in uterus tissue was detected by Western blot. Compared with the model group,the index of the uterus and ovary in the high and middle dose group of Shengdihuang Decoction increased(P<0. 05),the level of serum E2 and P increased(P<0. 01,P<0. 05) and the level of LH decreased(P<0. 01). The number of ovarian follicles increased,the endometrium thickened,and the glands were developed,the activity of SOD was enhanced and the content of MDA decreased in serum,the expression of ERα in the follicle granulosa cells and the epithelial cells of the uterus increased,and the expression of ERα in the uterus increased. Shengdihuang Decoction could improve the morphology and function of the uterus and ovary,and relieve the premature failure of the ovary. The effect may be achieved by enhancing the antioxidant capacity of ovarian granulosa cells,restoring ovarian function,promoting serum estradiol and progesterone secretion,and increasing the expression of ER in uterine mucosal epithelial cells and ovarian granulosa cells.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; Female ; Humans ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tripterygium