Background and purpose:In recent years, many studies have showed that elemene liposome is widely used in the treatment of digestive tract tumors, malignant pleural effusion and ascites. This study combined in vitro and in vivoexperiments to observe the inhibitory effect of elemene liposome on the growth of human gastric cancer and the HGC-27 cell line.Methods:In order to screen the optimum concentration of elemene liposome, machine vision automatic live cell observation analysis system (Cell-IQ) was applied to detect the best inhibitory effect on human gastric cancer cell line HGC-27, and the lfow cytometry was applied to further detect the apoptosis of HGC-27 treated with elemene liposome. The model of human gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis in nude mice was established to investigate the intervention of elemene liposome and cisplatin (DDP) on peritoneal cancer index (PCI). CD31 marker of tumor microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tumor tissues were investigated to explore the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect on peritoneal metastasis of HGC-27 cells in nude mice.Results:Cell-IQ analysis showed that the inhibitory effect of elemene liposome on HGC-27 presented in a positive concentration-dependent manner, which could not be further enhanced when the concentration exceeded 100 μg/mL with the best reaction time between 4 and 19 hours. Flow cytometry showed that the early apoptosis rate was 45% in the elemene liposome group and only 0.019% in the control group. The early apoptosis rate was signiifcantly higher in treatment group than that in control group (P<0.05). PCI was signiifcantly lower in the group treated with elemene liposome plus DDP than that in control group (P<0.05) in the peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer nude mice model. The expression of CD31-MVD and VEGF was not signiifcantly different between the treated and control groups (P>0.05).Conclusion:Elemene liposome can inhibit human gastric cancer cells at the optimal concentration of 100 μg/mL with the best reaction time between 4-19 hours. Elemene liposome has a clear preventive effect on peritoneal metastasis of human gastric cancer in nude mice. Induction of apoptosis in gastric cancer cells may be the main mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of elemene liposome on human gastric cancer cells.

Objective To explore the protective effects of duloxetine on ventricular arrhythmia in rats with ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods Thirty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:Sham group,ischemia reperfusion group (IR group),duloxetine-treated group (Dulo group).The rats in IR group were subjected to 30min-ischemia of left anterior descending artery ligation followed by 120min of reperfusion,while intraperitoneal injection of duloxetine 40mg/kg were give prior ischemia in Dulo group,and the remaining experiment protocols were same as IR group.The left anterior descending artery of rats in sham group was exposed without being clamped.Two biopotential leads ECG monitor was used to record the arrhythmia in each group,and ECG parameters were analyzed by LabChart 8 software.Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) was used for determination of infarct area.The protein expressions of Akt,extracellular regulated protein kinases (Erk),caspase-3,superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1,SOD2 and Connexin 43 (Cx 43) were measured by western blot analysis.Results As compared to IR group,the incidences of both ventricular extrasystoles and tachycardia were decreased during ischemic period (P ＜0.05),and the incidence of ventricular tachycardia was decreased with no significant changes in ventricular extrasystoles during reperfusion period in Dulo group (P ＜ 0.05).Duloxetine decreased the prolonged QTc and infraeted area during IR injury (P ＜ 0.05).Duloxetine inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk,and downregulated the protein expressions of cleaved caspase-3,cytochrome C,while upregulated SOD1,SOD2 and Cx 43 protein expression during I/R injury (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Duloxetine decreases the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk,inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis,exerts anti-arrhythmogenic effects and decreases the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia and infracted area induced by myocardial IR.

At present, we are fighting against the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in China. For the purposes of diagnosis and treatment of NCP patients, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, as a designated hospital, make available the wards quickly, initiated the management system of public health emergencies, and established a "tolerate admission- strict discharge" patients management program. Meanwhile, the hospital has established an emergency supply and coordinated distribution mechanism for medical protection materials, and a full-system and multi-model training system, ensuring smooth progress of the diagnosis and treatment work.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of apigenin on the protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in liver tissues of rats with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

METHODSThe NASH rat model was established by feeding of a high-fat diet. Unmodeled rats served as the normal controls. The modeled rats were divided into a model control group, Essentiale treatment grouP(300 mg/kg/day),and three apigenin treatment groups for low-dose (15 mg/kg/day), moderate-dose (30 mg/kg/day) and high-dose (60 mg/kg/day). After 13 weeks of treatment,changes in insulin sensitivity from pre-treatment baseline were assessed by measuring the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST),total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C and HDL-C),fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS).The liver index and HOMA-IR were also calculated.Protein and gene expression of PPARα and PPARgamma in liver tissue were assessed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.Statistical analysis was performed by the LSD test and Games-Howell test.

RESULTSThe apigenin-treated groups showed a significantly greater change in insulin sensitivity than the untreated model group,with the most significant change occurring in the high-dose grouP(P less than 0.05).Compared with the untreated model group,the apigenin-treated groups showed lower levels of ALT (95.4+/-7.3),AST (183.7+/-14.3),TC (1.61+/-0.25),TG (1.23+/-0.21),LDL-C (1.86+/-0.14),FBG (5.29+/-1.45) and FINS (0.76+/-0.86),but a higher level of HDL-C (1.04+/-0.17); again,the high-dose group showed the greatest change (all P less than 0.05).Compared to the untreated model group,the apigenin-treated groups showed significantly lower liver index (3.75+/-0.25 vs.2.90+/-0.17) and HOMA-IR (1.34+/-0.06 vs.0.18+/-0.04),with the high-dose group showing the greatest change (both P less than 0.05). Compared to the untreated model group,the apigenin-treated groups showed higher levels of protein and mRNA of PPARα (18.27+/-4.05 and 0.63+/-0.02,respectively) and PPARgamma(8.48+/-5.05 and 0.39+/-0.02),with the high-dose group showing the greatest change (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONApigenin can improve glucose tolerance,lipid metabolism and insulin resistance while decreasing blood levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,FBG,FINS and HOMA-IR,and increasing HDL-C in NASH,as shown in a high-fat diet induced rat model, and may have therapeutic potential.

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Apigenin ; pharmacology ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver ; enzymology ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; metabolism ; PPAR alpha ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triglycerides ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the status quo of health literacy,motivation and self-management behaviours of patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA),to explore the influence of health literacy and motivation on self-management behaviours to the patients with KOA,and to clarify the relationships among the three factors.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 169 KOA patients who were treated in 3 tertiary hospitals in Xianyang between September and December 2021.General status table,chronic disease health literacy scale,patient motivation scale and chronic disease self-management behaviour scale were employed in the on-the-spot survey.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation of health literacy,motivation and self-management behaviour of patients with KOA.Results Total scores of health literacy,motivation and self-management behaviour of the patients with KOA were 79.66±11.91,54.97±9.95 and 23.75±8.89,respectively.It was found that health literacy and motivation of the patients were positively correlated with their self-management behaviour(r=0.872,r=0.822,both P<0.01).Health literacy of the patients was positively correlated with motivation of patients(r=0.877,P<0.01).Health literacy of the patients could be used to directly predict self-management behaviour of patients(β=0.708,95%CI:0.539-0.876),as well as to predict self-management behaviour of the patients through the mediating effect of patient motivation(β=0.228,95%CI:0.676-0.787).The mediating effect accounted for 24.36%of the total effect.Conclusions The health literacy,motivation and self-management behaviours of patients with KOA are all poor and they should be further improved.Patient motivation is the mediating variable in health literacy and self-management behaviour of the patients.It is suggested that nursing staff could encourage the motivation of patients hence to improve the self-management behaviour in the patients with KOA based on an improvement of health literacy.

Nowadays hospitals have been at the forefront fighting against novel coronavirus pneumonia, with diagnosing and treating of patients as a top priority. In order to ensure the smooth progress of diagnosis and treatment, and prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infection, logistics support needs to make allowances for the isolation ward in time from the perspectives of logistics, facilities and equipment, and to transform the in-and-out double channels of ward access as required, thus setting up the partition of the three zones. Secondly, logistics support needs to optimize the logistics service workflow, including the medical waste management, the environmental disinfection isolation, and to optimize the catering service within hospitals to reduce the gathering and flow of personnel. Thirdly, logistics support needs to increase personnel training, and to eliminate psychological panic as well as to stabilize the logistics support team by putting logistics management cadres on the front line. Meanwhile, the logistics department needs to take over the hospital access screening work, strictly manage those who enter the hospital, maximize the safety and reliability of the logistics support within the hospital, and ensure the smooth progress of the epidemic prevention work.

Objective:To explore the relationship between lymphovascular invasion and non-sentinel lymph node (NSLN) metastasis in early-stage invasive breast cancer with positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) and its significance.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 79 patients with stage cT 1-2N 0M 0 invasive breast cancer who had positive SLN by biopsy and underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) from January 2015 to February 2021 in the Central Hospital of Wuhan were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation between patients' clinicopathological characteristics and NSLN metastasis was analyzed. Results:Among 79 patients, 58 patients (73.4%) underwent total mastectomy, 61 patients (77.2%) were Luminal type, 38 patients (48.1%) had lymphovascular invasion, 64 patients (81.0%) had 1-2 positive SLN, and 42 patients (53.2%) with NSLN metastasis were found after ALND. Univariate analysis showed that the proportions of patients with lymphovascular invasion diagnosed by immunohistochemistry [86.8% (33/38) vs. 51.2% (21/41)], Ki-67 positive index>30% [60.5% (23/38) vs. 36.6% (15/41)], positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [36.8% (14/38) vs. 14.6% (6/41)], and elevated lymph node pathological staging [57.9% (22/38) vs. 31.7% (13/41)] in the lymphovascular invasion group were higher than those in the non-lymphovascular invasion group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lymphovascular invasion was an independent risk factor for NSLN metastasis ( OR = 2.935, 95% CI 1.081-7.970, P = 0.035). Conclusions:Lymphovascular invasion is an independent risk factor for NSLN metastasis in SLN-positive stage cT 1-2N 0M 0 invasive breast cancer. It may help to guide the decision-making of local axillary treatment, so as to avoid over or under treatment.

Objective To explore the effects of prohibitin 2(PHB2)on sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549 to erlotinib(Erl)and its potential mechanisms.Methods RACK1-specific small interfering RNA was transfected in A549 cells for knocking-down of PHB2.The effects of PHB2 inhibition on cell proliferation and apop-tosis induced by Erl were observed.The colocalization of microtuble-associated protein light chain 3 alpha(LC3)and mitochondria was visualized by MitoTracker staining and green fluorescent protein-microtuble-associated protein light chain 3 alpha(GFP-LC3)transfection.Cell proliferation was detected by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine(EdU)staining.Cell colony formation was evaluated by colony forming assay.Apoptotic index of A549 cells was evaluated by TUNEL.Western blot was used to measure the expressions of PHB2 and LC3Ⅱ.Mitochondrial transmembrane potential,cytochrome c and respiratory chain complexⅠ/Ⅱ/Ⅴactivity were analyzed by the commercially availa-ble kits.Results Compared with the siPHB2 and siCtrl+Erl group,the EdU-positive A549 cells and the number of cell colonies decreased significantly(P＜0.05),while the TUNEL-positive A549 cells increased significantly(P＜0.05)in the siPHB2+Erl group.In addition,compared with the siPHB2 and siCtrl+Erl group,mitochondrial transmembrane potential and respiratory chain complexⅠ/Ⅱ/Ⅴactivity decreased significantly(all P＜0.05)and the levels of cytochrome c increased in mitochondrial fractions(P＜0.05)and decreased in cytosolic fractions(P＜0.05)in the siPHB2+Erl group.Conclusions PHB2 inhibition significantly improves sensitivity of A549 cells to Erl,which may be explained by inhibition of PHB2-mediated mitochondrial autophagy.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of anaplastic lymphoma kinase-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKI) in treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT).Methods:The clinicopathological data of one recurrent abdominal IMT patient in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University in 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinicopathological and molecular characteristics, ALK-TKI treatment efficacy and prognosis of 41 patients with IMT reported in the literature from January 2010 to August 2020 were systematically reviewed.Results:This patient with abdominal IMT in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University was a 27-year-old female who relapsed 2 months after surgery. Chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab was ineffective. After oral administration of crizotinib, the condition resolved after 1 month, and complete remission (CR) was achieved after 29 months. The median age of onset of 41 IMT cases reported in the literature was 22 years old (0-61 years old), of which 32 cases (78.0%) had multiple organ involvement, all of which had recurrence or metastasis. There were 38 cases of ALK mutation and 3 cases of TFG-ROS1 fusion gene-positive. Thirty-four patients treated with crizotinib in the first-line treatment of ALK-TKI, and the median resistance time of crizotinib was 8 months (2-48 months). The total clinical benefit rate of ALK-TKI was 85.3% (29/34), and 20 patients achieved CR. The median time for the first CR was 11 months (4-36 months), and the median duration time of medication for CR patients was 19.5 months (2-60 months). The median progression-free survival (PFS) time of 24 patients who underwent surgery and/or chemotherapy and radiotherapy was 4 months (1-45 months); after progression, ALK-TKI treatment was performed, and the median PFS time was 14 months (3-62 months).Conclusions:IMT is a true neoplasm with characteristics of recurrence and metastasis. Reasonable combination of ALK-TKI with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of IMT patients.