Objective To assess the value and safety of SonoVue in ultrasonic diagnosis of abdominal diseases. Methods A total of 204 patients (149 male, 55 female) with abdominal examination of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) with SonoVue from August 2007 to February 2009 were reviewed. Results Definitive diagnosis were obtained 215 times in 204 patients (233 times) with abdominal CEUS. The diagnostic accuracy of CEUS was 92.27%, significant higher than that of conventional ultrasonography (62.23%). Anaphylactic shock happened 1 time (0.43%) in 1 patient. Conclusion CEUS with SonoVue can provide a high diagnostic accuracy with relatively safety of the possibility of serious adverse event.

Objective To investigate the effect of adenosine A2A receptor on pituitary-adrenal axis response in acute phase of moderate craniocerebral trauma.Methods Eighteen adenosine A2A receptor knock-out mice in a C57BL/6 background and another eighteen their wild-type littermates were divided into normal control group and craniocerebral trauma for 4 hours group,and craniocerebral trauma for 24 hours group according to random number table,with siμ mice per group.Plasma levels of adrenocorticotropic-hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone at hours 4 and 24 postinjury were determined using ELISA method.Results At 4 and 24 hours,brain water content in wild-type mice [(80.950 ± 0.184) ％,(82.178 ± 0.255)％ respectively] was higher than that in gene knock-out mice [(80.006 ± 0.199)％,(81.091 ± 0.295)％ respectively,P ＜ 0.01].Besides,brain water content in both wild-type and gene knock-out mice increased after injury (P ＜ 0.01).Plasma levels of ACTH and corticosterone were higher in geneknock-out sham mice than in wild-type sham mice [(120.214 ± 2.472) ng/L vs (91.767 ±7.395) ng/L,(27.814 ±0.888) μg/L vs (11.430 ±0.644) μg/L respectively,P ＜0.0l].At 4 and 24 hours,plasma levels of ACTH [(174.776-± 5.040) ng/L,(189.613 ± 4.802) ng/L respectively] in geneknock-out mice showed a higher increase than those in wild-type mice [(119.594 ± 6.945) ng/L,(124.93-± 11.001 7) ng/L respectively,P ＜ 0.05].Moreover,plasma levels of corticosterone [(40.138 ±-0.805) μg/L] at 4 hours and [(37.440-0.485)μg/L] at 24 hours in gene knock-out mice showed a same result as compared with that in wild-type mice [(19.702 ± 0.804) μg/L,(17.602 ± 0.743) μg/L respectively,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Knock-out of adenosine A2A receptor increases the release of ACTH and corticosterone in acute stage of moderate craniocerebral trauma and promotes pituitary-adrenal stress response.This may provide a novel explanation for the neuroprotective effect of A2A receptor deficiency.

Objective To study the effect of story inquiry in the care to patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Toally 39 patients to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy during January to April 2017 were set as control group and another 39 patients to to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy during May to August 2017 were set as treatment group. The former received routine nursing care and the latter was treated with the story inquiry including five stages of preparation,story sharing,dialogue inquiry,situational association and comfort making,apart from routine nursing care.The two groups were compared in terms of anxiety, depression and sleep quality. Result The scores of depression and anxiety and sleep quality after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.001). Conclusion The effect of emotional comfort and sleep quality improvement can be improved by using the method of story inquiry for the patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics, possible causes and treatment methods of anaphylactoid reactions related to PICC catheterization.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the data of 27 patients with anaphylactoid reactions in 3 933 PICC catheters from October 2018 to February 2020.Results:The incidence of anaphylactoid reactions was 0.69%(27/3 933), its clinical symptoms were mainly skin reactions, some of which were complicated with respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular system and other symptoms. There was no difference in the incidence of different genders, diagnosis, and history of allergy ( χ2 value was 2.233, 0.839, 0.027, P>0.05). The incidence of patients younger than 60 years old was higher than that of patients older than 60 ( χ2 value was 12.821, P<0.01); the incidence of two catheters with different coatings was higher than that of uncoated catheters ( χ2 value was 27.195, 84.203, P<0.01). Twenty six patients continued the catheterization after the symptoms relieved, and one patient stopped the catheterization. Conclusion:The incidence of anaphylactoid reactions related to PICC, which is more common in catheters or the stylet wire is coated. It is recommended to use a large amount of saline to flush the catheter to reduce or avoid coating materials into the blood, so as to effectively control the occurrence and severity of such complications.

Objective:To analyze the molecular characteristics of dengue virus (DENV) strains circulating in Shantou city in 2018 and 2019 for elucidating the reasons causing strikingly different dengue fever epidemics during the two years and understanding the transmission characteristics and routes of DENV, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of dengue fever.Methods:Detection of viral nucleic acid contents and amplification and sequencing of E gene were carried out on 872 samples positive for DENV acid in 2018 and 2019. Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the E gene sequences to analyze the homology of DENV strains. The sources and transmission routes of the strains were also analyzed. Results:A total of 99 sequences of DENV E gene were acquired, including 68 DENV-1 sequences and 31 DENV-2 sequences. The cases of dengue fever were sporadic in 2018. Phylogenetic tree showed the strains isolated in 2018 were from multi-sources and closely related to those found in Guangzhou city and Southeast Asia area. Dengue fever outbreaks occurred in 2019 and most of the prevalent strains were from a single source, which was speculated to be Cambodia. Conclusions:Dengue fever in Shantou city was mainly caused by imported strains of the same year rather than by local strains in previous years. DENV strains in Shantou might be traced back to Southeast Asia area and transmitted to Shantou through many routes.

OBJECTIVETo increase prokaryotic expression level of IFN-alpha 1C gene through the quantitative theory of translational control and the translational enhancer sequence.

METHODSStepwise polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to alter the 5 terminal cDNA sequence of IFN-alpha 1C in three different grades of base mutation. In this way, the free energy (Delta G) of the secondary structure in translational initiation region (TIR) was decreased gradually. An expression plasmid (pBVE) was constructed to contain the translational enhancer cDNA sequence by modifying pBV220 upstream of the SD region.

RESULTSThe expression levels of three kinds of IFN-alpha 1C modified gene were all increased. Furthermore, it presented an increasing trend with decreasing in delta G varying from -50,241.6 to -22,190.0 J/mol. The highest expression was 2.43 x 10(8) U/L, covering twelve times more than its original cDNA. IFN-alpha 1C gene and its modified cDNA was inserted into pBVE as reporting genes. E.Coli cells harbouring pBVE/IFN-alpha 1Cs cDNA produced two to five times more IFN than cells harbouring pBV220/IFN-alpha 1Cs.

CONCLUSIONSpBVE containing translational enhancer is a high level prokaryotic expression vector. The theory of quantitative translational control can effectively be used to enhance the IFN-alpha 1C gene expression level in E.coli.

DNA, Circular ; genetics ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Vectors ; Interferon Type I ; genetics ; Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

Objective To explore the association between moxibustion sensation and therapeutic efficacy during moxibustion treatment. Methods By applying Taiyi moxa stick to Shiqizhui (EX-B 8) to treat primary dysmenorrhea, the association between the change of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score and the topical moxibustion sensation and transmission types during the 30 min moxibustion treatment was observed. Besides, the occurrence time of transmission, and the transmission distance, width, depth, and direction were recorded. Results Superficial moxibustion sensation occurred in forty patients, of whom, the VAS score changed by (38.50±14.38) mm; heat-penetrating moxibustion sensation occurred in 18 patients, and the VAS score changed by (38.89±12.43) mm; heat-expanding sensation occurred in 6 patients, and the VAS score changed by (45.00±14.10) mm; distant transmission happened in 13 patients, and the VAS score changed by (41.54±13.90) mm. Patients with 4 types of moxibustion sensation had the highest VAS scores both before and after treatment, followed by 3 types, 2 types, and 1 type moxibustion sensation. In comparing the changes of VAS score between 10 min and 20 min treatment and between 20 min and 30 min treatment, the patients with 4 types of moxibustion sensation had the most significant change. Conclusions Different moxibustion sensations occur at different frequencies, and the occurrence of moxibustion sensation is related to the severity of disease condition. The number of moxibustion sensation type can affect the remission process of disease, but can merely influence the treatment result. The single moxibustion sensation (superficial heat only) works faster, usually taking 0~10 min; while the other forms of moxibustion sensation (heat penetrating, heat-expanding, and distant transmission) works slower, usually taking over 20 min.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of two different moxibustion methods both with tai-yi moxa stick in treating primary dysmenorrhea. ＜br> Methods: Forty-three patients were randomized into two groups by the random number table according to their treatment orders. The causalgic group was intervened by causalgic stimulation with tai-yi moxa stick while the tepid group was treated by mild thermal stimulation with tai-yi moxa stick. Shiqizhui (EX-B 8) was selected for both groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for observation before and during the treatment by every 10 min to compare the clinical efficacies between the two groups. ＜br> Results: Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in pain intensity between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, both groups achieved significant improvements in pain intensity (P＜0.05), but the inter-group difference in pain intensity was still statistically insignificant (P>0.05), but the difference was enlarged comparing with that before treatment. The pain relief during the first 10 min of treatment was slower in the causalgic group than that in the tepid group. However, during the later 20 min, the pain relief in the calsalgia group gradually outpaced that in the tepid group. ＜br> Conclusion: The two moxibustion methods with tai-yi moxa stick both have a good instant analgesic effect in treating primary dysmenorrhea. For patients with primary dysmenorrhea, if 30 min is regarded as the treatment time, mild stimulation was suggested to be used for the first 10 min, and causalgic stimulation for the later 20 min to achieve a better curative effect.

OBJECTIVEIndependently research and develop the wireless network system to monitor clinical nursing information in order to meet the needs of clinical care.

METHODSThe system consists of two sections which are the bedside machines and the central station. Advanced wireless network communications, microelectronics and computer technology are applied to continuously monitor various indicators of patients in intensive case units and general wards. Then the information was sent to the central monitoring station, which can automatically classify the data.

RESULTSThe system includes 4 subsystems which are automatic monitoring of urine output, automatic monitoring of infusion, automatic measurement of patient body weight and automatic management device of postoperative drainage tubes, which can provide essential indicators for major surgeries and critical patients.

CONCLUSIONThe system has strong practicality. which can provide information for clinical care, ensuring the safety of medical care.

Computer Communication Networks ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; methods ; Nursing Services ; organization & administration ; Software Design ; Wireless Technology

Objective To explore the clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics leading to non-diagnostic results after ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration ( US-FNA) in patients with thyroid nodules . Methods One thousand and thirty-four thyroid nodules of 1009 patients who underwent US-FNA from June 2013 to September 2015 in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were included in this study . The ultrasonographic characteristics , cytological and histological diagnosis were collectecl . Univariate and multivariate logistic methods were applied to analyze the factors bringing about non-diagnostic results . Results Of the 1034 nodules ,174 ( 16 .8％ ) had non-diagnostic results and 860 ( 83 .2％ ) had diagnostic results . Age ,echogenicity ,anteroposterior/transverse diameter ratio ( AT ) ,calcification ,margin and depth were associated with nondiagnostic results . Age ≥45 years ,the largest diameter ≤10 mm ,AT <1 ,located at the middle 1/3 and dorsal 1/3 in the cross section of nodules , macrocalcification were proved as independent influencing factors for non-diagnostic results of FNA . Conclusions Age≥45 years ,the largest diameter ≤10 mm ,AT < 1 ,located at the middle 1/3 and dorsal 1/3 in the cross section of nodules , macrocalcification are independent influencing factors of non-diagnostic results . As a result ,for nodules with the characteristics above it may recommend follow up instead of FNA . During follow-up ,it may recommend surgery if the nodule has progressed .