Objective To study the value of laparoscopic operation in the management of ectopic pregnancy. Methods The management of 509 cases of ectopic pregnancy reviewed retrospectively in our hospital from January 1999 to December 2001.Selected 60 cases treated by laparoscopy in 2001 were compared with 58 cases treated by laparotomy without hypovolemia shock.Operating time, postoperative hospital stay, time returning to normal temperature,total cost were compared. Results Laparoscopic surgery was performed in three cases in 1999,twenty three cases in 2000 and sixty cases in 2001. Comparison between laparoscopic and laparotomy group showed the operating time (66.3?25.3) min vs (75.9?22.0)min( t =-2.02, P =0.03);postoperative hospital stay (3.3?1.9)days vs (5.1?1.7)days( t =-5.42, P =0.00); total cost (7318.4?1440.1) RMB vs (5567.8?1567.8) RMB ( t =6.32, P =0.00). Conclutions Laparoscopic surgery is superior to laparotomy in the management of ectopic pregnancy.

Objective To provide the evidence for the clinical prevention and early treatment for the complication by testing microcirculation of the middle fingertip in renal failure patients with hemodialysis.Methods High-frequency ultrasounds combined with E-flow technique were applied to detect the Doppler velocitg index of middle fingertip's nail bed arteriole and ventral arteriole in 35 renal failure patients with hemodialysis.Peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV)and vascular resistance index(RI)were separately measured,and comparison were made with healthy adults and renal failure patients without hemodialysis(sex and age matched).Results Compared with normal control,PSV and EDV of middle fingertip's nail bed arteriole and ventral arteriole were degraded statistically(P＜0.05),while RI was increased statistically(P＜0.05)in renal failure patients with and without hemodialysis.Compared with renal failure patients without hemodialysis,PSV and EDV were degraded(P＜0.05)and RI was increased(P＜0.05)in renal failure patients with hemodialysis.Conclusions High-frequency ultrasound combined with E-flow imaging technique can evaluate the microvascular peripheral resistance in renal failure patients with hemodialysis.

Objective:To observe influence of qingzhifugan pellet on mixed-type animal model of fatty liver with chronic hyperlipemia and alcoholized hepatic damage. Methods:The mixed-type animal model of fatty liver was established by administering with high lipids and alcohol feeds. Therapeutic experiments were conducted with a self-made new drug the qingzhifugan pellet. The efficacy of the tested drug was evaluated comprehensively by such measures as sero-level of lipids and ferments,as well as the histological pathology of liver. Results:It was shown that the tested drug can decrease the sero-level of lipids,promote the metabolism of lipids in liver,recover the alcoholized hepatic damage,and relieve the liver fat denaturation. Conclusion:It suggested that the tested drug possessed certain effect for treating or improving chronic hyperlipemia and alcoholized hepatic damage in the animal model.

Objective To evaluate the value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography（RT3DE）to predict the long-term response to cardiac resynchronization therapy（CRT）.Methods Twenty-six patients with heart failure were scheduled for CRT.RT3DE was performed before and one year after the pacemaker implantation,and left ventricular（LV）dyssynchrony was defined as the maximum difference（Tmsv 16-Dif）and standard deviation（Tmsv 16-SD）when the minimum systolic volume of 16 segments was reached.Patients were divided into re-sponders and non-responders according to a reduction ≥15 % in LV end-systolic volume（LVESV）after CRT.Results Seventeen patients（65.4 %）were classified as responders.Compared with non-responders,the responders demonstrated a significant increase in LV ejection fraction,and reduction in Tmsv 16-SD.Tmsv 16-SD was a determinant factor for Δ LVESV ≥15%.Tmsv 16-SD 〉3.5% could be employed to evaluate the short-term response to CRT with 80 % sensitivity and 77 % specificity.Conclusions CRT can increase the LV systolic function and synchrony.RT3DE is highly predictive for long-term response to CRT

Objective To investigate the characters of morphology change and protein expres-sion in progressed renal cell carcinoma after the treatment of sorafinib. Methods Clinical data of 2 cases with progressed renal cell carcinoma treated with sorafenib were collected. The HE slices were reviewed. Immunochemistry was used to detect the expression of Vimentin, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK8, CK18, CD10, VEGF, VEGFR2, p53 and Ki-67 levels. Results There was no difference in patho-logic type between before and after the therapy of sorafenib. Both of the 2 cases were showed degener-ation in tumor cell in different degree with fibrosis and necrosis. The expression of renal cell carcinoma related antigens (Vimentin, AE1/AE3, CK7, CK8, CK18 and CD10) had no difference before and af-ter the treatment of sorafinib. The expressions of VEGF, VEGFR2, p53 and Ki-67 were increased, and the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased after the therapy of sorafinib. Conclusions There may be some morphologie differences between the metastatic tumor or the recurrent tumor and primary tumor because of the treatment of sorafenib. However the pathologic type is the same before and after the treatment of sorafenib. The main differences are the degeneration of the tumor cell and fibrosis after the treatment of sorafenib. The expression changes of VEGF and VEGFR2 may be related to the sor-afenib application.

Objective To evaluate the left ventricular (LV) systolic dyssynchrony after the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods STE were performed in 65 patients within 72 h of AMI and compared with 60 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. The peak longitudinal strain (LS_(peak)) was measured at LV myocardium. LV dyssynchrony was defined as an interval ≥130 ms for the absolute difference in time to peak radial strain for the anteroseptal wall versus the posterior wall (TAS-POST). Size of myocardial infarction (MIS)was confirmed by wall-motion score index (WMSI). Results The LS_(peak) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were lower, and WMSI and TAS-POST were larger in AMI patients compared with controls. Forty-two patients had developed LV dyssynchrony (64.62%), and there were strong correlation between LV dyssynchrony (TAS-POST) and LS_(peak), LVEF, and WMSI (MIS). MIS was the most independent predictor for systolic dyssynchrony. Conclusion AMI with normal QRS can induce LV dyssynchrony, which is mainly determined by MIS. STE is a reliable technique for accurate evaluation of LV synchrony.

Objective To investigate the role of r-aminobutyric acid B receptor in the development of liver fibrosis.Methods Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups including a control group,a model group,a baclofen group,and a CGP35348 group.Liver fibrosis was then induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).Baclofen and CGP35348 treatment were carried out after the formation of liver fibrosis,followed by complete extraction of the eyeball to obtain blood sample to test liver function.Liver tissue specimens were cut and stored for histological staining,histochemistry,real-time polymerase chain-reaction (RT-PCR),and western blot analysis.Results Histological staining indicated that the degree of liver fibrosis was more severe in the CGP35348 group than in the baclofen group (P＜0.001).The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT),total bilirubin (TBil),and direct bilirubin (DBil) were significantly lower in the baclofen group than in the CGP35348 group (P＜0.01).The levels of ALT,AST,GGT,TBil,and DBil were significantly higher in the CGP35348 group than in the model group (P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence results show that the hepatic cell migration was inhibited in the baclofen group.Western blot results showed that the expression levels of α-SMA protein were significantly lowered in the baclofen group when compared to that of the CGP35348 group and model group (P＜0.01).Conclusion GABAB receptor might play a role in the liver protection by inhibition of migration of hepatic cells in liver fibrosis.Further studies into the mechanism behind this function are further needed and may be a potential source of future anti-fibrotic treatment.

The levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and serum in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) were detected by real-time PCR and ELISA,respectively.The results revealed that the expression of MIF mRNA in PBMC ( Z =-4.276,P＜0.01 ) and protein level in serum ( Z=-5.358,P＜0.01 ) were increased in HT patients,and positively correlated with thyroid specific autoantibodies and TSH levels.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of deep fungal infection by detecting the serum galactomannan ( GM) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) GM, serum G test and fungal culture of BALF in patients with suspected invasive fungal infection ( IFI) in lungs.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of the results of serum /BALF GM test ,serum G test and BALF culture from 148 patients with suspected pulmonary IFI .The indexes involved sensitivity , specificity , positive predictive value , negative predictive value , as well as diagnostic capacity for deep fungal infection with separated or combined tests .Results Among the 148 cases, 48 cases were clinically diagnosed with IFI and the rest were excluded.Among the 48 IFI cases, 3 cases were positive in serum GM test , 25 cases were positive in BALF GM test , 31 cases were positive in G test and 30 cases were positive in fungal culture .The combined detection showed a sensitivity of 91.6%,specificity of 70.0%, positive predictive value of 59.5% and negative predictive value of 94.6%.Conclusion The combination of GM/G tests and fungal culture can significantly improve the clinical diagnostic efficiency of pulmonary IFI .

Objective To investigate the relationship of pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance with microalbuminuria in a cross -sectional study of patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods A total of 524 partici-pants with type 2 diabetes were recruited in this cross -sectional study.All subjects'height,weight,waist circumfer-ence and blood pressure were measured.Venous blood samples were drawn to measure fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting lipids,glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c),fasting C -peptide (FPC).24h -urine was collected to measure urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER).Homeostasis model assessment of pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA -B) and insulin resistance (HOMA -IR)were estimated using fasting plasma C -peptide.According to HOMA -B quar-tile,the subjects were divided into four groups,including q1 -q4.According to HOMA -IR,the subjects were also divided into four groups,including Q1 -Q4.We assessed the crude associations across quartiles of these data with demographic and clinical parameters using a nonparametric test for trend across ordered groups (trend using Stata software).Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationships of pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance with microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.Results Trend test showed that UAER gradually reduced with increase of HOMA -B.The UAER values in subjects with q1,q2,q3 and q4 were 8.92(5.53 -28.65),8.55(5.52 -20.95),7.57(4.79 -19.83)and 7.84(5.23 -14.38)μg/min,respectively, and the trend was statistically significant(z =-2.1,P <0.05 ).With HOMA -IR increasing,UAER gradually increased.The UAER values in subjects with Q1,Q2,Q3 and Q4 were 6.73(4.85 -16.52),8.61 (5.2 -20.37), 8.31(4.88 -27.04),8.75(6.03 -25.21)μg/min,respectively,and the trend was also statistically significant(z =2.41,P <0.05).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that subjects with the highest quartile of HOMA -B had lower possibility of microalbuminuria than patients with the lowest quartile of HOMA -B (adjusted OR q4 vs. q1 =0.39,95% CI:0.20 -0.76,Wald =7.59,P =0.006).Subjects with the highest quartile of HOMA -IR had higher risk of microalbuminuria than those with the lowest quartile of HOMA -IR (adjusted OR Q4 vs.Q1 =2.00, 95% CI:1.08 -3.72,Wald =4.84,P =0.028).Conclusion Insulin resistance is associated with an increased prevalence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes,while improved pancreatic β-cell function is linked to decreased rates of microalbuminuria for those patients.