1.Research status and prospect on hot water extract of Chlorella: the high value-added bioactive substance from Chlorella.
Xiuyuan ZHUANG ; Yingming HUANG ; Daojing ZHANG ; Liming TAO ; Yuanguang LI
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology 2015;31(1):24-42
Chlorella is nutritious and has been used as a functional food much earlier than the other microalgae. C. pyrenoidosa, the potential microalgae which is currently cultured and developed for the new strategic industry of biofuels production and biological CO2 fixation, is a new resource food announced by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China late 2012. Accumulation of high value-added substances in C. pyrenoidosa during the cultivation for lipid makes it possible to reduce the costs for C. pyrenoidosa-based biofuels production. Among these potential substances, hot water extract of Chlorella (CE), commercially known as "Chlorella growth factor", is the unique one that makes Chlorella more precious than the other algae, and the market price of CE is high. It is believed that CE is effective in growth promotion and immunoregulation. However, there is no systematic analysis on the research status of CE and its bioactivity. The present report summarized recent research progress of CE and its bioactivity. Generally, besides the main effect on immunoregulation and tumor inhibition, CE was efficient in improving metabolic syndrome, scavenging for free radicals, protecting against ultraviolet damage, chelating heavy metals, and protecting liver and bowel. Several major challenges in CE research as well as its prospects were also analysed in the present report.
Biofuels
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Chlorella
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chemistry
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Humans
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Lipids
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chemistry
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Plant Extracts
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chemistry
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pharmacology
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Water
2.Relationship of body fat distribution with serum lipid and its role in predicting dyslipidemia
Hongqi XU ; Jingmin LIU ; Xiuyuan ZHENG ; Wei CHEN ; Jianfang CAI ; Xiaohong FAN ; Xuemei LI ; Xuewang LI
Chinese Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2011;19(6):387-393
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of body fat distribution with serum lipid and its potentially predictive value for dyslipidemia.MethodsA total of 784 Beijing rural residents were enrolled in this study using a cluster sampling method.The body height,weight,waist circumference (WC),hip circumference,body composition,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C ),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C),total cholesterol ( TC),and triglycerides (TG) were measured.The body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were calculated.ResultsThe age-adjusted partial correlation analysis showed that WC had the best correlation with HDL-C ( r =- 0.310) and LDL-C ( r =0.204 ),while WHR with TC ( r =0.151 ) and TG ( r =0.271 ).Subgroup analysis with different BMI,WC,WHR,and trunk fat mass (TFM) showed that WC,WHR,and TFM sensitively reflected the changes of body lipids,whereas BMI,WC,WHR,and TFM sensitively reflected the low HDL,high TG,and risk of dyslipidemia.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the predictive curves of WC,WHR,BMI,and TFM were above the reference line,and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of WHR (0.684,0.630),WC (0.667,0.616),and TFM (0.661,0.604) showed high tendencies than BMI (0.629,0.597) for both male and female subjects,although no statistically significant differences were found ( all P > 0.05 ).ConclusionsCompared with BMI,the body fat distribution indicators including WHR,WC,and TFM have higher predictive values in evaluating the risk of dyslipidemia.When the maximum Youden index for predicting the risk of dyslipidemia is applied,the ideal cutoff points was 24 kg/m2 for BMI,0.91 for WHR,85cm for WC,7.5kg for TFM in males,and 25 kg/m2,0.91,87cm,and 9.5 kg,respectively,in females.
3.Retrospective analysis of induction concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly docetaxel and cisplatin followed by surgery for stage ⅢA-N2 non-small-cell lung cancer
Guanchao JIANG ; Xiuyuan CHEN ; Yun LI ; Fan YANG ; Hui ZHAO ; Jun WANG
Chinese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2015;31(1):1-4
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of induction concurrent chemoradiation therapy with weekly docetaxel and cisplatin(DP) for stage Ⅲ A-N2 lung cancer.Methods Eighteen patients diagnosed of stage Ⅲ A-N2 NSCLC in our center were enrolled from March,2011 to November,2013.The induction regimen consisted of 5 cycles of docetaxel(20 mg/m2) and cisplatin(20 mg/m2) administered intravenously on days 1,8,15,22 and 29 with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in fractions of 1.8Gy,to a total dose of 45Gy.Patients proceeded to surgery,if no progressive disease occurred,followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with DP strategy.Results Eighteen patients were enrolled and 12 underwent surgery.The tumor response for the induction therapy was 1 CR,10 PRs,6 SDs and 1 PD.Five of 18 patients presented with level 3 or above adverse effects,among which were 2 neutropenia,1 liver toxicity,1 anemia and 1 lymph node infection.The median operation time was 290 min,intraoperative blood loss was 350 ml,length for postoperative drainage was 5 d,and time to discharge was 7 d.The mediastinal lymphnodedownstaging rate was 50% (3 pN0 cases and 3 pN1 ones),92% of the operated patients reached complete resection.One-year survival was 75.9% and 1-year progression free survival was 49.2%.Conclusion Weekly docetaxel and cisplatin strategy in induction concurrent chemoradiotherapy for stage Ⅲ A-N2 NSCLC patients has been validated to be safe and effective.
4.Analysis of Chemical Elements in Styela clava
Ping LI ; Xiuyuan SONG ; Qingguo MENG ; Bo JANG ; Tongmei LIU ; Jiafu WANG
Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs 1994;0(04):-
To provide necessary evidence for studying the pharmacological and clinical effectiveness of Styela clava,the quantities of 21 chemical elements in Styela clava were analysised.It was found that the quantities of several mineral elements in it were higher than that in sea water,which indicated Styela clava had a relatively high ability to concentrate mineral elements.
5.Molecular cloning of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase from Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep. and its distribution pattern and bioinformatics analysis.
Wei GU ; Qinan WU ; Jianguo CHAO ; Beili XI ; Lin LI ; Xiuyuan SHEN
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2011;46(5):605-12
Triterpenes, which have large application potential in the treatment of cancer, are the main active components of genuine medicinal material Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) is one of the important rate-limiting enzymes in the synthetic pathway of triterpenes. In this study the FPPS full length cDNA of the A. orientale, was cloned via homology-based cloning approach and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full length of the FPPS cDNA was 1 531 bp (accession no. HQ724508), which contained a full 1 032 bp ORF that encoded 343 amino acids. The deduced protein sequence exhibited five conserved motifs, two of which is riched of Asp (DDXXD). The result of real-time quantitative PCR (QRT-PCR) showed that FPPS gene was expressed in different organs of A. orientale. The expression increased from October to the first ten-day period of December, and then decreased. The FPPS gene expression was higher in leaves but lower in leafstalk, tuber and root. HPLC analysis of active components 23-acetyl-alismol B of A. orientale. during different periods indicated that its change trend should be consistent with FPPS gene expression. It can be primarily deduced that FPPS gene should be an important control point in the synthetic pathway of Alisma terpenes. This study may facilitate the quality of medicinal plants through gene engineering in the future.
6.Effects of functional electrical stimulation on motor function and the expression of bromodeoxyuridine + and glial fibrillary acid protein+ cells in the subventricular zone after cerebral infarction
Huihua LIU ; Tiebin YAN ; Shenghuo LI ; Junhong ZHAO ; Xiuyuan ZHENG ; Xiaokuo HE
Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2012;34(3):161-165
Objective To investigate the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES) on motor function and the expression of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) + and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) + in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of rats with acute cerebral infarction,and to explore it's mechanism. Methods A rat model of cerebral infarction was established using Longa's technique for middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with an intraluminal filament.The rats were randomly divided into a FES group,a placebo stimulation group and a control group.In each group,rats were randomly allocated into 1 d,3 d,7 d and 14 d subgroups (6 rats/subgroup).Superficial electrodes were pasted on the paralyzed forelimbs of rats in the FES group for connecting with the FES instrument,and FES treatment was carried out with a current of 4-5 mA for 15 min on the third day after the MCAO operation to produce extension of the wrist and the digits of the paralyzed forelimb.The rats in the placebo stimulation group were pasted with electrodes,but no FES was administered and they received no other treatment.Neurological deficits were evaluated using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS) before treatment and on the 1 st,3rd,7th,and 14th day after treatment. BrdU and GFAP positive cells in the SVZ were detected by immunofluorescence techniques.Results After 7 or 14 days the motor function of rats in the FES group had improved significantly compared with the placebo stimulation and control groups.Compared with the other two groups,the expression levels of BrdU+ and GFAP+ cells in the ischemic SVZ in the FES group were significantly higher at the 3rd,7th and 14th day.Conclusion FES can improve motor function after acute cerebral infarction and also promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the SVZ.
8.Influencing factors of depressive symptoms among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases
WU Shaofeng ; WANG Suzhen ; ZHU Xiuyuan ; LI Jing ; FENG Meiling ; ZHANG Delin
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2023;35(4):277-281
Objective:
To investigate the influencing factors of depressive symptoms among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases in China, so as to provide insights into depression prevention and control among the rural elderly patients with chronic diseases.
Methods:
The basic demographics, health status, and lifestyle of rural residents at ages of 65 years and older who had at least one chronic disease were retrieved from The Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) database in 2018, and participants' depressive symptoms were assessed with The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression-10 (CES-D-10) scale. Factors affecting the depressive symptoms were identified with a multivariable logistic regression model.
Results:
Totally 5 146 rural elderly patients with chronic diseases were enrolled, including 2 373 men (46.11%) and 2 773 women (53.89%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 27.13%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified having two and more children (OR=0.614, 95%CI: 0.387-0.975), living alone (OR=1.450, 95%CI: 1.192-1.764), life satisfaction (general, OR=1.933, 95%CI: 1.651-2.264; low, OR=5.366, 95%CI: 3.488-8.254), self-assessed health status (general, OR=2.697, 95%CI: 2.284-3.185; poor, OR=5.338, 95%CI: 4.262-6.685), disability in instrumental activities of daily living (OR=1.592, 95%CI: 1.328-1.908), sleep duration (normal, OR=0.502, 95%CI: 0.429-0.586; too long, OR=0.494, 95%CI: 0.405-0.603), exercise (OR=0.721, 95%CI: 0.607-0.856), watching TV (OR=0.787, 95%CI: 0.664-0.933), and gardening activities (OR=0.781, 95%CI: 0.626-0.975) as factors affecting depressive symptoms among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases.
Conclusions
The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 27.13% among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases. Number of children, living style, life satisfaction, health status, sleep duration, exercise, watching TV, and gardening activities are associated with the development of depressive symptoms among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases.
9.Effect of hyperglycemia on the expressive type transformation of vascular smooth muscle cell in rats
Wenzhuo DUAN ; Jiafu WANG ; Yi DING ; Tongmei LIU ; Xiuyuan SONG ; Jianying WANG ; Haimin GONG ; Chaoshu TANG ; Xia LI
Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology 1986;0(01):-
AIM: To make hyperglycemia models and observe the effects of hyperglycemia on expressive type transformation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in rats METHODS: Using tissue culture and radioactivity analysis methods RESULTS:①Hyperglycemia group was lower than control group in NO - 2 content, nitric oxide synthase activity and cGMP content;②Hyperglycemia group was higher than control group in endothelin, insulin, total chdesterol and [ 3H]-TdR penetrated rate of VSMC CONCLUSION: It was possible that hyperglycemia reduces the expressive type of VSMC to change and promotes VSMC proliferation
10.New era of individual laboratory diagnosis in infectious diseases is coming:the further exploration and clinical application of mass spectrometry
Xiuyuan LI ; Xue LI ; Xinxin LU
Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2017;40(10):756-760
Accurate diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases are vital, in which rapid, efficient,precise and comprehensive laboratorial detection plays a crucial role.The emergence of mass spectrometry technique revolutionized the test for biomacromolecule in clinical laboratory.The contribution of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI -TOF MS)for laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases was particularly significant.With the knowledge about the principles of MALDI-TOF MS and microbiology,it is not only able to allow you to have an insight into the details,but also help you to further develop and expand the application.Holographic mass spectrometry consists of, liquid chromatography -mass spectrometry(LC -MS)and gas chromatography -mass spectrometer(GC -MS)becomes a pipe dream.The combination of the three mass spectrometer technologies complement each others advantages,so that the application can be extended.They can not only accurately confirm the pathogens, but also detect the immune response products, metabolite and molecular markers of infectious diseases in order to obtain more comprehensive information of both pathogens and hosts, so that the laboratorial diagnosis can be more comprehensive, precise and individual.The application of holographic mass spectrometry breaks through the classic method and nucleic acid detection technology.It can not only embody speediness and accuracy, but also reflect the promotion of science level and research capability.