Objective To investigate the changes of plasma adiponectin concentration in type 2 diabetic patients with macrovascular complications.Methods Forty-nine cases of type 2 diabetic patients with macrovascular complications,fifty-four cases of type 2 diabetic patients without macrovascular complications and thirty-five healthy people were investigated.Their plasma adiponectin levels was assayed.Meanwhile,the levels of blood pressure,plasma glucose,lipids and C-peptide were measured.The plasma adiponectin levels among three groups were compared,and the factors affecting the plasma adiponectin were analyzed.Results The plasma adiponectin levels in the group of type 2 diabetes without macrovascular complications were lower than in the control group and were the lowest in the group of type 2 diabetes with macrovascular complications.The plasma adiponectin levels of these three groups were (16.37?3.03)mg/L,(6.69?4.42)mg/L,(4.08?3.24)mg/L,respectively.The differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P

From the practice of application of PBL teaching in biochemistry,we find that the PBL has obvious advantages in inability training,class course and knowledge application,but the PBL should be applied in limited theory-learning course.

Objective:To investigate the effects of safflor yellow ( SY) on body fat, fatty liver and insulin resistance in diet-in-duced obese mice. Methods:Male C57BL/6 mice at the age of 4 weeks were fed with high fat diet ( HF) for 8 weeks to make the obese model. The mice were intraperitoneally injected SY (100 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) for 6 weeks. At the end of experiment, the introper-itoneal glucose tolerance test ( IPGTT) and insulin tolerance test ( ITT) were performed, and the body fat, blood lipid profile and the other metabolic parameters were detected. Meanwhile, the epididymis fat and liver tissue were withdrawn for HE staining, the adipo-cyte area was quantified and the morphology of liver was observed. Results:SY significantly reduced the body weight, body fat mass, adipocyte area, liver weight and blood lipid levels of the obese mice (P<0. 05), and fatty liver was obviously alleviated after the ad-ministration of SY. Meanwhile, IPITT and ITT tests showed that SY significantly improved the glucose intolerance and insulin resist-ance of the obese mice(P<0. 05). Conclusion:SY has significant weight-loss effects and it can alleviate fatty liver, and improve glu-cose intolerance and insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice.

Objective To explore the clinical value of transvaginal three-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound in assessing effects of Chinese herbal drugs on improving endometrial receptivity in patients with thin endometrium.Methods A total of 76 cases of patients diagnosed with thin endometrium in Jiangbei District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2015 to October 2016 were selected and treated with Chinese herbal prescription for three months.The endometrial thickness,endometrial volume and blood flow indexes before and after treatment were measured by using transvaginal three-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound.Results After 3 months treatment,the endometrial thickness and endometrial volume were increased,and the pulse index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of endometrial blood flow were decreased,compared with those before treatment,there were statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The results of three-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound indicates that after 3 months treatment the vascularization index (VI),flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) were significantly higher than those before treatment,there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).Conclusion The Chinese herbal prescription could increase the thickness and volume of endometrium,augment blood supply,and improve endometrial receptivity significantly.Transvaginal color three-dimensional Doppler ultrasound is a convenient and objective method for evaluating clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal prescription in patients with thin endometrium,which has high practical value.

Objective To explore a preliminary health behavior self-efficacy scale for functional dyspepsia patients,and supply a practical evaluation tool for clinical nurses.Methods Through literature review,group discussion and expert interview,the authors established the preliminary index system.The Delphi method was used to organize two rounds of 20 experts consultations.Results In the two rounds of expert consultations,experts positive coefficients were 100％,respectively.The authoritative coefficient of experts was 0.83,respectively.The Kendall's W coefficients were 0.23 and 0.29.The evaluation system included 5 dimensions,11 evaluation indicators,and 42 evaluation items.Conclusions The reliability of the self-efficacy scale developed with Delphi method is relatively high and it can acted as an evaluation tool for self-efficacy and health education of patients with functional dyspepsia.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and clinical application of measuring blood glucose and urea with electrodes and end reaction methods. Method Using the electrodes and end reaction methods, blood glucose and urea were measured respectively. The results and the relativity between the two methods were compared. Result Comparing the two methods for GLU and UREA, the correlative factors were 0.990 1 and 0.989 1 respectively. They had fairly good comparability. The linear ranges of their regression equations met the clinical needs. With favorable accuracy, the correlative factors were above 0.997 9. Conclusion The electrodes method was rapid and accurate, which was suitable for emergency tests. The ending reaction methods was fairly stable and has less interfering factors, which was fit for the routine use.

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics of gestational diabetic retinopathy (DR)of 13 pregnants with vitreous hemorrhage.Methods The clinical data of 26 eyes retinopathy with 13 cases of gestational diabetes were retrospectively analyzed.After bilateral eyes were mydriatic by Pyrazole MAO amine compound,ophthal-mologist used fundus camera to check bilateral fundus.B ultrasonic was used to examine vitreous hemorrhage and the surfaces of vitreous and retinal.Results In 13 cases,26 eyes vision were between hand motion-0.6.Sudden vitre-ous hemorrhage in 13 eyes,accounted for 50.0%(13/26).Among them,the classⅠvitreous hemorrhage in 10 eyes, 76.9%(10/13).Ⅱ,Ⅲ grade vitreous hemorrhage in 2 eyes,15.4%(2/13).LevelⅣvitreous hemorrhage in 1 eye, accounted for 7.7%(1/13).26 eyes were diagnosed with stage IV(early or fiber hyperplasia period)DR.The fundus photography:the size,number of retinal neovascularization were found in 13 eyes without vitreous hemorrhage.Ultra-sound confirmed that the 13 eyes vitreous hemorrhage were fresh bleeding,and found 4 eyes with fiber membrane, accounted for 30.8%(4/13).The eyes without vitreous hemorrhage were timely treated by laser,and the eyes with vitreous hemorrhage were treated by stage laser treatment according to the condition of vitreous hemorrhage absorp-tion.Followed up for 4 to 6 months,in a stable condition.Conclusion Obstetrics and gynecology doctors and oph-thalmologists should pay attention to pregnancy DR with vitreous hemorrhage.Because they are all early or fiber hyper-plasia period.Timely and reasonable laser treatment can prevent permanent damage of visual function.

AIM: To examine the alteration of pathologic structure and gaseous molecules in rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by high pulmonary blood flow.METHODS: Aortocaval shunting was produced for 11 weeks in rats, and pulmonary hemodynamics was evaluated.Pulmonary vascular micro- and ultra- structure was also examined.Meanwhile,the concentration of plasma nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) was measured by spectrophotometry.The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in pulmonary arteries was detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: After 11- week aortocaval shunting,pulmonary artery mean pressure was significantly increased.Muscularization of small pulmonary vessels and relative medial thickness and area of pulmonary arteries were obviously increased in shunting rats compared with controls.Ultrastructure of intrapulmonary arteries changed obviously in shunting rats.Meanwhile,plasma NO concentration was increased and eNOS expression in pulmonary artery endothelial cells was significantly augmented in rats of shunting group.Plasma carbon monoxide level and HO-1 expression in puomonary artery smooth muscle cells,however,were not altered in shunting rats.CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary vascular structural remodeling is the important pathologic basis of pulmonary hypertension induced by a left-to-right shunt,and NO other than CO might play an important regulating role in the development of high pulmonary blood flow-induced pulmonary hypertension.

Objective This study was designed to investigate the importance of H2S in rats with adriamycin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy.Methods Weight-matched adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as follows:(1)the ADR group(n=12)where adriamycin(2.5 mg/kg)was given once a week;(2)ADR + small-dose NaHS group(n=12)where NaHS solution [2.8 ?mol/(kg?d)] was given;(3)ADR+large-dose NaHS group(n=12)where NaHS solution [14 ?mol/(kg?d)] was given;(4)the control group(n=9)where physiological saline was administered instead of adriamycin.(5)NaHS group(n=9)where NaHS solution [14 ?mol/(kg?d)]was given.Hemodynamic and echocardiographic measurements were carried out after treatment.Histological examination was implemented at the 10th week after the rats were sacrificed.Meanwhile,H2S concentrations in serum and myocardial tissues were evaluated by modified sulfide electrode method.Results The heart function of ADR rats decreased obviously.Pathological examination demonstrated that characteristics consistentwith cardiomyopathy were found in ADR group.H2S concentrations in serum and myocardial tissues of the rats in ADR group were both significantly decreased as compared with those in the control group(both P

PPARγ2 gene C1431T polymorphism was assayed by PCR-RFLP in 200 polycystic ovary syndrome( PCOS)patients and 150 normal subjects. Serum adiponectin and leptin levels were determined by ELISA method. Polymorphism of the site might be associated with serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations and thiazolidinedione treatment in women with PCOS ( P<0.05 or P<0.01).