Neonatal cerebral infarction is an area of damaged cerebral tissue resulting either from disruption to blood flow in a major cerebral artery from thrombosis or embolism or from thrombosis in a major cerebral vein.The pathogenesis is unknown at present,many studies have shown that genetic,mother hypertension,gestational diabetes,smoking,neonatal congenital heart disease,infections,meningitis are the risk factors of neonatal cerebral infarction.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy against acute leukemia by transplantation of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells from unrelated donor (URD NAPBSCT). One patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia received URD NAPBSCT in our hospital. The donor cells were full engafted, and grade Ⅱ skin aGVHD and interstitial pneumonia were developed. The results showed that URD NAPBSCT is an effective new method for the treatment of acute leukemia.

Objective To determine serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor level in patients with posthepatitis B liver cirrhosis.Methods Serum sIL 2R was measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum sIL 2R was significantly higher in patients with posthepatitis B cirrhosis than that in controls(P

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid is one of the main risk factors for neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome, and can even cause death, which is a dangerous emergency to handle during neonatal resuscitation. Routine intubation and endotracheal suction are not recommended for non-vigorous newborns born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid in the latest international neonatal resuscitation guideline. But it is controversial due to lacking high-level evidence. We review the recent evidence for the rationale for endotracheal suction in non-vigorous neonates born through meconium-stained amniotic fluid.

In this paper,we analyzed 24 international cooperation projects involving human genetic resources from 1999 to 2009 hosted by the Cancer Institute and Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.The analysis concerned the overall situation of the projects,the foreign cooperative units,subject distribution,research content,export planning,actual export and achievement.We also put forward proposals to improve the human genetic resources management.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect and security of caffeine citrate in preventing primary apnea of preterm infants by observing the clinical effect, adverse reaction and prognosis of caffeine citrate preventing the primary apnea. Methods A total of 132 preterm infants admitted to neonatal department of Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology were selected during January 2015 to July 2016. They were randomly divided into two groups, one was the caffeine group, and the other was the control group. The infants of caffenine group were intravenous injected caffeine citrate 24 hours after birth, with the first dose 20 mg/kg, and the maintain dose 5 mg/kg every 24 hours, until the corrected gestational age was 34 weeks. The infants of control group were not given methylxanthine drugs. Data were compared between two groups including the incidence of apena after 48 hours of giving drugs, the period of using nasal continuous positive airway pressure (n-CPAP) or ventilator, the incidence of feeding intolerance, tachycardia, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intracranial hemorrhage (HIE), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC),and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), weight growth rate and the length of hospitalization. Results There were significantly lower incidence of apnea after 48 hours, the period of using nasal continuous positive airway pressure or ventilator, incidence of patent ductus arteriosus and intracranial hemorrhage and the duration of hospitalization in caffeine group than those in control group (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of feeding intolerence, bradycardia, NEC, BPD and the weight growth rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The preterm infants given caffeine could reduce the incidence of the primary apnea, improve the prognosis of the preterm infants, and no significant adverse reaction.

Objective To investigate the effects of human milk fortifier(HMF)addition at different time points on the growth,development and the incidence of complications in very low birth weight(VLBW)infants.Methods A total of 93 VLBW infants admitted into Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Tianjin Central Hospital of Obste-trics and Gynecology from January to September 2015 with more than 80％of total milk intake during hospitalization,excluding those who had severe asphyxia or abandoned treatment and died,were collected.The included cases were divided into 2 groups by using completely randomized grouping method,early fortification group(n=48)and delayed fortification group(n=45)adding HMF with the enteral intake of 50 mL/(kg·d)and 100 mL/(kg·d),respectively.The outcomes included growth development and the incidence of complications during hospitalization.Then,t test and chi-square test of independent samples were used for statistical analysis.Results There was significant difference in the weight growth rate between the 2 groups,and the growth rate of early fortification group and delayed fortification group were(15.4±2.4)g/(kg·d)and(13.6±2.3)g/(kg·d),respectively(t=3.043,P=0.004).There was no significant difference in height growth rate,head circumference growth rate,weight at 34 weeks postmenstrual age,time of recovering birth weight and parenteral nutrition,hospitalization duration,body weight,body length,head circumference at discharge and the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation between the 2 groups(all P>0.05).There was no statistical difference in incidence of feeding intolerance,necrotizing enterocolitis,nosocomial infection,retinopathy of prematurity,bronchopulmonary dysplasia between the 2 groups(all P>0.05).Conclusions HMF with enteral intake of 50 mL/(kg·d)contributes to weight gain rate in VLBW infants during hospitalization,but not to the increase in the incidence of complications.

Objective:To analyze the mortality of extremely preterm infants(EPIs) born at 22 +0-25 +6 weeks of gestation in Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology and then compare it with data from other countries to provide evidence for better healthcare for this population. Methods:Clinical data of EPIs born at 22 +0-25 +6 gestational weeks in our center from January 2011 to December 2017 were retrospectively collected. The enrolled patients were grouped based on their gestational age, birth weight, and admission time in order to analyze the mortality in different groups. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, five sets of data regarding the mortality of EPIs born at 22 +0-25 +6 gestational weeks during the same period were retrieved from a multicenter survey involving 15 centers in China, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network (NICHD-NRN) in the United States, Canadian Neonatal Network TM, Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network (ANZNN) and Korean Neonatal Network (KNN). The mortality rate among data from different sources was compared using Chi-square test on the condition that the definition of death was the same. Besides, the causes of neonatal death were analyzed. Results:A total of 64 EPIs were enrolled in our center. The total mortality rate was 42.2% (27/64), and were 1/1, 8/10, 50.0%(10/20) and 24.2%(8/33) in EPIs of gestational age of 22 +0-22 +6, 23 +0-23 +6, 24 +0-24 +6 and 25 +0-25 +6 weeks, 5/6, 50.0%(16/32), 25.0%(6/24) and 0/2 in those with birth weight of ≤600 g, >600-≤800 g, >800-≤1 000 g and >1 000 g, respectively. In the 27 death cases in our center, the causes of death were as follows: neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (16 cases, 59.3%), sepsis (two cases, 7.4%), necrotizing enterocolitis (three cases, 11.1%), severe intraventricular hemorrhage (three cases, 11.1%) and others (three cases, 11.1%). The mortality rate was 57.1%(12/21) before 2016(2011-2015), 45.0%(9/20) in 2016 and 26.1%(6/23) in 2017. The total mortality of EPIs in our center was higher than that in Canada [42.2% vs 26.6%(165/621), χ2=7.015, P=0.008], as well as in Australia and New Zealand [42.2% vs 28.2%(140/497), χ2=5.330, P=0.021], while there was no statistically significant difference when compared with that in South Korea [42.2% vs 42.1%(218/518), χ2<0.001, P=0.988]. Conclusions:The mortality of EPIs born at 22 +0-25 +6 gestational weeks is higher in our center when compared with that in some developed countries such as Canada and Australia. Therefore, we should pay more efforts to reduce the mortality of EPIs through quality improvement.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different doses of caffeine in treatment of primary apnea in preterm infants.

METHODA total of 164 preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation), presented with primary apnea, were recruited in Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics from October 2013 to December 2014. The patients were prospectively allocated into low-dose (loading 20 mg/kg and maintenance of 5 mg/(kg·d) after 24 h, n=82) and high-dose (loading 20 mg/kg and maintenance of 15 mg/(kg·d) after 24 h, n=82) groups of caffeine citrate treatment by using a random number table. The treatment effects, side effects of caffeine, and the clinical outcome of the preterm infants were compared between groups by χ(2) test or nonparametric test.

RESULTThe patients in low-dose group had birth weight of (1,237 ± 338) g, male gender of 43 (52%) and gestational age of (29.8 ± 3.4) weeks. The patients in high-dose group had birth weight of (1 262 ± 296) g, male gender of 45 (55%) and gestational age of (29.9 ± 2.7) weeks. The baseline characteristics including birth weight, gender and gestational age were comparable between the two groups. Frequency of apnea was significantly lower in high-dose group compared with low-dose group (10 (8, 15) vs.18 (13, 22), Z = -2.610, P = 0.009), and the success rate of removal of the ventilator was significantly higher in high-dose group compared with low-dose group (85% (70/82) vs.70% (57/82), χ(2) = 5.898, P = 0.015). The effective rate of caffeine treatment was significantly higher in high-dose group compared with low-dose group (82% (67/82) vs.61% (50/82), χ(2)=8.619, P = 0.003). No significant differences were observed concerning the incidence of caffeine-associated side effects including tachycardia, irritability, difficulty in feeding, hyperglycemia, hypertension, digestive disorders and electrolyte disturbances between two groups (P all > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the clinical outcomes of the preterm infants including death during hospitalization, chronic lung disease, other complications and duration of hospital stay between two groups (P all > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONA therapeutic regimen consisting of a loading dose of 20 mg/kg and maintenance dose of 15 mg/(kg·d) of caffeine citrate could improve the treatment effects and keep safety for primary apnea in preterm infants, and will not cause more adverse events.

Apnea ; drug therapy ; Birth Weight ; Caffeine ; administration & dosage ; Citrates ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; drug therapy ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP/CPPS) patients. Methods The 38 cases with CAP/CPPS patients (18 cases of CAP and 20 cases of CPPS) and 20 cases of healthy controls were selected. The differential expressions of 40 kinds of inflammatory cytokines were detec-ted by antibody arrays in prostate fluid. Results The inflammatory cytokines which increased more than 1.5 times expression have been found. There were seven kinds in CAP including monocyte che-moattractant protein (MCP)-1, solution tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ(s TNF R Ⅱ), platelet-de-rived growth faetor-BB (PDGF-BB), interleukin (IL)-β, IL-11、IL-6、MCP-2 and five kinds in CPPS groups including MCP-1、PDGF-BB、MCP-2、s TNF R Ⅱ、It-11 respectively, compared with healthy control group. The cluster analysis results showed that protein expression of Monocyte chemoattrac-tant protein 1 (MCP-1)and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) were significantly increased in CAP (3.47 and 2.07 times) and CPPS (2.25 and 2.19 times) compared with healthy control group and were the final polymerization of inflammatory cytokines. The protein expression of interleukin 1 β (IL-1 β), MCP-1 and soluble tumor necrosis factor Ⅱ (s TNF R Ⅱ) in CAP group was increased more than 1.85,1.55,1.67 times compared with CPPS group. Conclusions Elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in the course of CAP/CPPS disease. The extent of the inflammatory response of CAP was higher than CPPS. The inflammatory factors of MCP-1 and PDGF-BB could serve as a novel diagnostic marker.