Frailty is an important problem influencing the health of elderly.Frailty syndrome assessment is helpful to identify the frailty status and to enhance the targeted intervention.This paper mainly reviewed the research progress of frailty syndrome tools for the elderly abroad,so as to provide evidence for developing specific frailty syndrome assessment tool for Chinese elderly people.

Objective To explore the prevalence and relationship of urinary incontinence and depression among elderly female patients.Methods A total of 118 female patients older than 60 years old were interviewed face to face.The prevalence of urinary incontinence and depression were estimated using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form-Chinese (ICIQ-SF-Chinese) and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15).Linear regression and Spearman correlation were used to identify the relationship between urinary incontinence and depression.Results Urinary incontinence was found in 27.1％ (32/118),and depression was in 39.0％ (46/118) of the survey population.Urinary incontinence with depression was found in 13.6％ (16/118) of the overall population.Urinary incontinence was positively correlated with depression,r=0.211,P＜0.05.The frequency of entertainment and urinary incontinence were significantly related to depression symptoms,P＜0.05.Conclusions Urinary incontinence appears to possess an additive effect on incidence of depression,which seriously affects both physical and mental health of patients.Clinicians should give patients health education and intervention measures at early stage.

To study the antiviral effect of Hypericum perforatum L. extract (HPE) on influenza A virus (IAV) (H1N1) in vitro and in vivo. Cytopathic effect (CPE) and neutral red (NR) dye uptake were used to examine the antiviral effect of HPE on Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells which were infected with IAV in vitro. HPE was effective against influenza A virus (IAV) in vitro, with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 40 μg/mL. The mean 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) in the MDCK used in these experiments was 1.5 mg/mL. Ribavirin was run in parallel with EC50 values of 5.0 μg/mL; the mean CC50 for ribavirin was 520 μg/mL. Oral gavage administrations of HPE or ribavirin to mice infected with the IAV were highly effective in preventing death, slowing the decline of arterial oxygen saturation, inhibiting lung consolidation and reducing lung virus titers. The minimum effective dose of HPE in these studies was 31.25 mg/kg/day, which was administered twice daily for 5 d beginning 4 h prior to virus exposure. Below a dosage of 2000 mg/kg/day, almost all treated mice survived, which suggests that HPE is of low toxicity. Ribavirin's minimum effective dose was 40 mg/kg/day with the LD50 determined to be 200 mg/kg/day. Delay of the initiation of either HPE or ribavirin therapy, using approximately 1/3 LD50 dose each time, could still be protective as late as 48 h after exposure to the IAV. While both agents appeared to have similar efficacy against IAV infections, HPE was considered to be less toxic and may warrant further evaluation as a possible therapy for influenza.

Objective To investigate the effects of Guiqi polysaccharide (GQP) on the telomerase activity in premature senescence of WI-38 cells;To discuss its mechanism of action.Methods MTT assay was used to observe the effects of different concentrations of H2O2 on the proliferation of WI-38 cells and screened the best concentration of H2O2 to induce premature senescence cellular model in WI-38 cells. ELISA and chemical staining method were used to evaluate the protection of GQP in telomerase activity and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in premature cellular senescence.Results 200μmol/L H2O2 treatment could induce premature senescence in WI-38 cells. There were no significant differences in senescence-associated β-galactosidase and telomerase activity between GQP group and normal control group (P>0.05), but had significant difference with model group (P<0.01).Conclusion GQP can increase the telomerase activity and inhibit the senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in premature senescence of WI-38 cells.

Objective To explore the attitude and knowledge towards elderly among undergraduate nursing student , and to investigate the factors which influencing their willingness to work with elderly . Methods A total of 112 freshmen and junior nursing students were chosen by convenience method as sample in one university and surveyed by demographic questions , the Kogan′s Attitude toward Older People ( KAOP) and the Palmore′s Facts on Aging Quiz 1 ( FAQ 1).Results 85.7% of participates had not learned the aging knowledge systematically , and 75.0% presented interest in aged people while 65.2% showed willingness to work for elderly .All students showed a positive attitude towards elderly ( KAOP >102 ) , and the freshmen acquired (145.5 ±11.3) scores while junior students gained (132.9 ±11.9) scores (t=5.6,P<0.05). Meanwhile, freshmen obtained (12.0 ±2.3) scores for the knowledge of aging whilst junior students achieved (12.9 ±2.5) scores (t=-2.0,P<0.05).The age of students had positive correlation with the knowledge of aging, but negative correlation with attitude towards elderly (r =0.231, -0.374,respectively;P <0.05). Students who were more interested in elderly showed more willingness to work for elderly (r=0.314,P<0.01). Conclusions Undergraduate nursing students have a positive attitude towards elderly , and have shortage of aging knowledge , which implied that we should change the curriculum model to improve the right view and interest toward elderly , and cultivate more excellent geriatric nursing students .