Objective To analyze the clinical data of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma and discuss the related risk factors.Methods The clinical data obtained from 109 cases of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively.Results The most common ages of onset were 50-69 years.The course of canceration was usually 6-12 months,and most lesions occurred on the labia majora.The sizes of tumour were around 2-4 cm,and more than 90 ％ of lesions were well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas.According to 2009 FIGO new staging of vulva cancer,more patients were reclassified as stage Ⅰ B,while patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ became less.99 out of 109 patients also had nonneoplastic epithelial disorders of vulva.The lesions mostly affected the labia majora and the labia minora,and 60 ％ of them were pathologically diagnosed as lichen sclerosus.Patients with nonneoplastic epithelial disorders of vulva usually developed into vulvar carcinoma within 10-15 years.Conclusion The incidence of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma is closely related with vulvar nonneoplastic epithelial disorders of the vulva.As the chronic nonneoplastic epithelial disorders of vulva increase the risk of vulvar cancer,periodic follow-up will help its early detection.

Objective To evaluate the expression and discussion on high mobility group protein ( HMGB1 )/toll like receptor 4 ( TLR4 ) and NF-κB possible role in the signaling pathway in preeclampsia .Methods Ten patients with mild preeclampsia(MP), 20 patients with severe preeclampsia (SP) and 30 cases of normal pregnancy were recruited the same period.To check the expression of the HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB P65 protein in placenta tissue using Immunohistochemical staining .Levels of HMGB1, TLR4, NF-κB P65 in blood serum were measured by ELISA.Results 1)ExpressionofHMGB1,TLR4,NF-κBP65wereincreasedascomparetocontrolgroup(P<0.05);HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB P65 in placenta of patients with severe preeclampsia and mild preeclampsia failed to show significant difference .2) HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB P65 in women with preeclampsia was significantly higher than control group ( P<0.05 ); HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB P65 in women with severe preeclampsia showed a higher level as compared to mild preeclampsia (P<0.05).Conclusions HMGB1,TLR4 and NF-κB P65 were over-ex-pressed in the placenta tissue and serum in patients with preeclampsia , which indicated that HMGB1,TLR4 and NF-κB P65 may play an important role in the development of preeclampsia .

0.05). But the level of HbA1c, 2 hour insulin and C peptide were significantly lower than that in CG (P 0.05). Conclusion Wei li acupuncture therapy instrument can improvement the islet ?-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate expression of elderly patients with endometrial cancer of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor and its clinical significance.Methods 45 elderly patients with endometrial carcinoma from March 2012 to June 2014 were selected as the observation group, over the same period healthy women with normal endometrium as control group, using S-P immunohistochemical method, to detect the expression of receptor and progesterone receptor in two groups.Results In observation group, estrogen and progesterone receptor positive expression rates were 60.00%, 46.67%, compared with control group(93.33%, 86.67%), was significantly lower (P<0.05).Patients with low differentiation of estrogen and progesterone receptor, positive expression rate was 37.50%, 25.00%, was lower than other two groups, but which had no difference.Estrogen, progesterone receptor positive expression rates in progress stage were 35.71%, compared with patients ( 80.65%, 74.19%) in early stage, was significantly lower (P<0.05).The positive expression rate of estrogen receptor in patients with lymph node metastasis was 66.67%, compared with the patients with no metastasis, the difference was not statistically significant.The positive expression rate of progesterone receptor was 76.67%, compared with the non metastasis group (46.67%), and was significantly lower (P<0.05).Conclusion The expression of estrogen and progesterone can reflect the biological behavior and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma in aged patients, and have important significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the radioprotective function and its mechanism of Sulforaphane (SF) in mice acute radiation-induced lung injury.Methods Totally 40 female C57BL/6J mice were equally divided into 5 groups randomly.Group A,treated by SF 3 mg/kg plus radiation;group B,treated by SF 5 mg/kg plus radiation;group C,treated by SF 10 mg/kg plus radiation;radiation group with a single dose of 12 Gy in 6 MV X-ray by a linear accelerator,and control group with sham radiation.The mice in drug group were administered intraperitoneally with different concentration of SF every other day from 7 d before irradiation to 7 d after irradiation,while the same volume of DMSO plus physiological saline solvent was given in the control and radiation groups.After being sacrificed at 14 d of SF administration,the pathomorphological changes of mice were observed in trauma lung tissue,the positioning and expression of NLRP3 was observed by immunohistochemical staining,the levels of IL-6,TNF-α and TGF-β1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA,the expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β mRNA in lung tissue were assayed by qRT-PCR,the expressions of NF-κB p65,NLRP3 and IL-1β proteins in lung tissue were assayed by Western blot,the activity of NF-κB was detected by EMSA.Results In comparison with radiation group,there was an obvious amelioration in pathological injury of lung tissue in the treatment groups:the expression of NLRP3 in lung tissue decreased;the concentration of NLRP3 in the drug intervention group (SF 10 mg / kg) markedly decreased (F =42.750,P ＜ 0.05).the IL-6,TNF-a and TGF-β1 levels in BALF decreased (tIL-6 =-62.65-21.00;tTNF-α =-32.18-16.57;tTGF-β1 =-58.22-46.11,P ＜ 0.05);the expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β mRNA markedly decreased (tNLRP3 =-6.56-5.68;tIL-1β =-29.75--21.20,P ＜ 0.05),and the expressions of NF-κB p65,NLRP3 and IL-1β proteins decreased (tNF-κB p65 =-34.00--1.71,tNLRP3 =-25.01--16.91,tIL-1β =-73.70--55.14,P ＜ 0.05);the relative expressions of NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 were reduced in a dose-dependent manner (r =0.945,0.926);and the activity of NF-κB were obviously reduced (tNF-κB =-38.68,-614.82,-2 831.40,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Sulforaphane effectively alleviates the RILI in lung of mice by downregulating the expressions of inflammatory factor NLRP3.

Objective:To investigate the induction of apoptosis by isoalantolactone in human cervical cancer Hela cells is mediated through ROS generation and Mitochondrial dysfunction. Methods: Cells were treated with isoalantolactone in a dose-dependent manner in the presence or absence of NAC for 24 h as the experimental group,and the normal cells were used as control group. Cell viabilities were determined by the MTT assay;the nuclear morphology of Hela cells were observed under fluorescence microscope using the Hoechst 33258 staining;apoptosiscell cycle and reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) were measured by flow cytometry;the protein expression levels of cytochrome C,Bcl-2,Bax and Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. Results:In the present study,we found that isoalantolactone inhibits growth in a dose-dependent manner in Hela cells. Further studies revealed that Hela cells were treated with 20 and 40 μmol/L isoalantolactone for 24 h,after which we could observe the fragmented nuclei and the increased apoptosis rate. And we also found that isoalantolactone arrested the cell cycle at S phase and increased generation of reactive oxygen species and dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (△ψm) in Hela cells. While pretreatment with NAC obviously blocked the apoptotic and inhibition effect of isoalantolactone indicating that induction of apoptosis is ROS-dependent,Western blot study showed that isoalantolactone increased the expression of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 with concomitant release of cytochrome C from mitochondria into cytosol. Conclusion: Isoalantolactone could inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of human cervical cancer Hela cells in vitro through mediating ROS generation and Mi-tochondrial dysfunction, the mechanism of which is also accompanied by up-regulation of Bax expression, down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression,activation of Caspase-3 and release of cytochrome C.

The study of vitiligo has made a huge progress due to the development of medical technology. Some new treatment idea, methods and integrated therapies have been considered as the trending alternatives. This paper summarized the treatment of different regular treatment combined with fire needling for vitiligo in clinic.

Objective To detect the serum levels of folate,homocysteine (Hcy)and vitamin B12 in the patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),and to clarify the clinical significance of folate, Hcy and vitamin B12 in the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of NSCLC.Methods 35 patients with NSCLC were chosen as NSCLC group, and 30 healthy people were selected as control group,excluding hypertension,anemia,family disease history and other related factors.The expression levels of serum folate, Hcy and vitamin B12 were examined by circulating enzymatic method and electrochemical luminescence method.The correlations between the levels of serum folate, Hcy and vitamin B12 of the objects in two groups were analyzed by Pearson test.Results The serum Hcy level of the patients in NSCLC group was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01).The serum folate level of the patients in NSCLC group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.01),while there was no significant difference in vitamin B12 levels between two groups (P > 0.05).The serum Hcy level was negatively correlated with folate level (r=-0.505,P =0.002),but was not correlated with vitamin B12 (r =-0.084,P =0.633).The serum folate level was not correlated with vitamin B12 (r=-0.039,P =0.826).Conclusion The serum Hcy level of NSCLC patient is significantly increased and it has diagnostic and prognostic values in the NSCLC patients.

Objective: To select the common syndrome factors of menopausal syndrome through questionnaire investigation among experts. Methods: Firstly, a questionnaire was constructed on the basis of our previous research, and then investigation of the experts by the questionnaire was carried out. The experts came from twelve tertiary hospitals (6 cities) in China, and engaged in clinical practice of gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The common TCM syndrome factors of menopausal syndrome were selected based on consent degree of the experts in mean value, full marks ratio, rank sum and variation coefficient. Results: One hundred sets of the questionnaires were sent out and ninety-eight sets were returned back. The callback rate was 98%. In accordance with cumulative percentage of expert agreement and complete agreement more than 50% and the coefficient variation less than 0.25, we confirmed the common TCM syndrome factors of menopause syndrome. The syndrome factors related to disease location were kidney, liver, heart, and spleen, and those related to the nature of disease were yin deficiency, deficiency of essence, yang deficiency, hyperactivity of yang, qi deficiency, qi stagnation, blood deficiency, and blood stasis. Conclusion: Expert consultation questionnaire can collect consensus opinions of experts and is effective for identifying common TCM syndrome factors of a disease. The TCM syndrome factors acquired through the study may provide the evidence for establishment of TCM syndrome diagnosis criteria for the disease in future.

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the onset of phlegm obstruction due to lung-deficiency in rats and the therapeutic mechanism of Huatan Recipe. METHODS: Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group and treatment group, with 8 rats in each group. The rats in the model group and treatment group were exposed to sulfur dioxide and cold wind to establish the rat model of phlegm obstruction due to lung-deficiency, and the rats in the treatment group were also treated with Huatan Recipe, a compound traditional Chinese medicine. The expression of NF-kappaB in the bronchial epithelial cells of the rats was tested with the method of immunohistochemistry, and the COX-2 mRNA in the lung tissues of the rats was measured by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The expressions of NF-kappaB and COX-2 mRNA in rats of the model group were higher than those of the normal group (P<0.01), and the expressions of NF-kappaB and COX-2 mRNA in rats of the treatment group were obviously lower than those of the model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The NF-kappaB and COX-2 play an important role in the onset of phlegm obstruction in rats. Huatan Recipe may prevent the development of phlegm obstruction by down-regulating the expressions of NF-kappaB and COX-2 mRNA.