ObjectiveTo establish a geographical origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan， providing a new technical reference for the protection of Haiyuan's geo-authentic medicinal materials and its designation as a national geographical indication agricultural product. MethodsSamples of Foeniculi Fructus were collected from eight producing areas， including Minqin （Gansu）， Bozhou （Anhui）， Qingdao （Shandong）， Dezhou （Shandong）， Urumqi （Xinjiang）， Nujiang （Yunnan）， Gutuo （Inner Mongolia）， and Haiyuan （Ningxia）. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） was used to detect the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in samples from these geographic origins. VOCs were qualitatively analyzed through dual matching with the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST） mass spectral database and the IMS drift time database. Using the Reporter module and Gallery Plot visualization tools within the LAV analytical platform， VOC fingerprint profiles characterizing geographic origins were constructed. A non-targeted analytical strategy was adopted， and 97 VOCs detected via GC-IMS were subjected to principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） based on their differential distribution patterns to construct an origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan region. Key discriminative markers were screened using variable importance in projection （VIP） values greater than 1. ResultsA total of 97 VOCs were identified， including alcohols， aldehydes， ketones， esters， organic acids， terpenoids， ethers， alkenes， and benzenes. The PLS-DA model， based on VOCs data obtained by GC-IMS， effectively distinguished Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from those of other origins. During cross-validation， the model achieved a prediction parameter （Q²） of 0.976 and a goodness-of-fit parameter （R²） of 0.936， with no overfitting observed in permutation testing. Twelve key flavor markers with VIP > 1 were identified as characteristic indicators of Haiyuan origin. ConclusionA stable and highly predictive origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan was successfully established using GC-IMS technology， PLS-DA， and VIP-based marker screening. This model provides a novel technical strategy for accurately distinguishing Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from other regional varieties and offers new technical support for its protection as a geo-authentic medicinal material and a nationally designated geographical indication agricultural product in China.

ObjectiveTo establish a geographical origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan， providing a new technical reference for the protection of Haiyuan's geo-authentic medicinal materials and its designation as a national geographical indication agricultural product. MethodsSamples of Foeniculi Fructus were collected from eight producing areas， including Minqin （Gansu）， Bozhou （Anhui）， Qingdao （Shandong）， Dezhou （Shandong）， Urumqi （Xinjiang）， Nujiang （Yunnan）， Gutuo （Inner Mongolia）， and Haiyuan （Ningxia）. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry （GC-IMS） was used to detect the volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in samples from these geographic origins. VOCs were qualitatively analyzed through dual matching with the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST） mass spectral database and the IMS drift time database. Using the Reporter module and Gallery Plot visualization tools within the LAV analytical platform， VOC fingerprint profiles characterizing geographic origins were constructed. A non-targeted analytical strategy was adopted， and 97 VOCs detected via GC-IMS were subjected to principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） based on their differential distribution patterns to construct an origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan region. Key discriminative markers were screened using variable importance in projection （VIP） values greater than 1. ResultsA total of 97 VOCs were identified， including alcohols， aldehydes， ketones， esters， organic acids， terpenoids， ethers， alkenes， and benzenes. The PLS-DA model， based on VOCs data obtained by GC-IMS， effectively distinguished Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from those of other origins. During cross-validation， the model achieved a prediction parameter （Q²） of 0.976 and a goodness-of-fit parameter （R²） of 0.936， with no overfitting observed in permutation testing. Twelve key flavor markers with VIP > 1 were identified as characteristic indicators of Haiyuan origin. ConclusionA stable and highly predictive origin identification model for Foeniculi Fructus from Haiyuan was successfully established using GC-IMS technology， PLS-DA， and VIP-based marker screening. This model provides a novel technical strategy for accurately distinguishing Foeniculi Fructus in Haiyuan region from other regional varieties and offers new technical support for its protection as a geo-authentic medicinal material and a nationally designated geographical indication agricultural product in China.

Objective To precisely identify the para-Bombay blood types in cancer patients at our hospital, establish a robust system for the identification of challenging blood types in our laboratory, and provide a foundation for precise transfusion practices. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the blood type results of 91 874 cancer patients from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023. Conventional serological methods were used to screen for blood types, and suspected para-Bombay blood types were identified. Further analysis was performed using Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-molecule real-time sequencing and Sanger sequencing was used to determine the genotypes of the ABO, FUT1, and FUT2 genes. Results Eight cases of para-Bombay blood type were confirmed through serological and molecular biological methods. The FUT1 genotypes identified were: 5 cases of h1h1 (homozygous mutation 551_552delAG) and 3 cases of h1h2 (compound heterozygous mutations of 551_552delAG and 880_882delTT). The FUT2 genotypes identified were: 2 cases of Se³⁵⁷/Se^{357, 716} and 4 cases of Se³⁵⁷/Se³⁵⁷. Additionally, one sample revealed a novel heterozygous mutation, 818C>T, in exon 7 of the ABO gene, which was confirmed by PacBio sequencing to be located on the O haplotype. Conclusion PacBio sequencing technology demonstrates significant advantages in analyzing the haplotypes of para-Bombay blood type genes. This approach supports the establishment of a robust system for the identification of challenging blood types and provides novel evidence for precise transfusion practices in cancer patients.
Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Fucosyltransferases/genetics* ; ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Male ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods* ; Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase ; Female ; Retrospective Studies ; Genotype ; Middle Aged ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching/methods* ; Adult ; Mutation ; Aged

Pancreatic cancer induced by mutation KRAS exhibited a higher risk of incidence, recurrence and mortality. C-Myc is downstream of KRAS and can be involved in the regulation of multiple oncogenic pathways and signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer. Over expressing of C-Myc promotes glycolysis and glutamine uptake in pancreatic cancer cells, promotes cell metabolism and proliferation, is an important factor driving the progress and maintenance of pancreatic cancer, and is related to chemotherapy and immunotherapy drug resistance. C-Myc also interacts with cell cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK) and non-coding RNA to regulate the proliferation, development and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Therefore, targeting C-Myc was regarded as an effective strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The activation of C-Myc depends on heterodimerization with its partner MAX and thereby paly a role through binding to the canonical E-Box sequence 5’-CACGTG-3’. Researches showed direct targeting of C-Myc can inhibit the growth of pancreatic carcinoma,such as promoting the degradation of C-Myc, inhibiting the binding of C-Myc/MAX and blocking the binding of C-Myc/MAX to E-box. However, direct targeting has been proved challenging because of its special protein structure. Indirect targeting of C-Myc provided a new strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. C-Myc can be indirected targeting through inhibiting transcription and translation of C-Myc, C-Myc-MAX heterodimerization and promote the ubiquitination and degradation of C-Myc, thus affects the occurrence, development and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

This article reviews relevant literature on the prevention and treatment of cancer with hesperidin published in the past 10 years by searching electronic databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）， Wanfang， and PubMed， and summarizes the research progress on the anticancer mechanism of hesperidin. Hesperidin has a wide range of pharmacological effects， including anti-inflammatory， antioxidant， antibacterial， antiviral， anticancer， immune-regulatory， anti-radiation， neuroprotective and cardiovascular protective properties and so on. Its anticancer mechanisms mainly include inhibiting cancer cell proliferation， promoting apoptosis， reducing angiogenesis， inhibiting invasion and migration of cancer cells， regulating immunity and autophagy， and exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. As a broad-spectrum anticancer drug， hesperidin manifests chemo-preventive and therapeutic effects across various cancers， contingent upon its multifaceted anticancer mechanisms. Furthermore， this article summarizes the synergistic effects of hesperidin in combination with cisplatin， doxorubicin， cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. It elucidates that hesperidin can enhance the cytotoxicity of these anticancer drugs against cancer cells while mitigating drug resistance and adverse side effects. Nonetheless， the clinical use is somewhat constrained due to its poor water solubility and limited bioavailability. Therefore， this article also outlines the current strategies for enhancing hesperidin's bioavailability， including structural modification， combination with other chemical substances， and utilization of nano drug carriers.The discovery of derivatives of hesperidin not only preserves the anticancer efficacy of hesperidin, but also effectively overcomes the shortcomings of poor water solubility and low bioavailability of hesperidin, effectively predicting the good application prospects of hesperidin and its derivatives.

Objective To construct a multi-disciplinary treatment(MDT)gridding vessel catheter-associated infection(VCAI)management and control system.Methods On the basis of evidence-based theory,using Delphi expert correspondence method to construct MDT gridding VCAI management and control system.The knowledge of VCAI was compared before and after the application of this system.Results After two rounds of expert correspondence consultation,the management and control system of theoretical knowledge,practical ability and professional development ability of preventing VCAI was constructed and improved.Using this management and control system to train medical staff can significantly improve their mastery of VCAI related knowledge(P<0.05).Conclusion MDT gridding VCAI management and control system based on evidence-based theory can effectively ensure patient safety.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect and safety of fire needle therapy combined with bladder function training on neurogenic bladder (NB) caused by spinal cord injury. METHODS: A total of 60 patients with NB caused by spinal cord injury were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group , with 30 cases in each group. On the basis of conventional treatment with western medicine, the bladder function training was adopted in the control group, once a day and for 4 weeks. In the observation group, on the basis of the interventions as the control group, fire needling was operated at bilateral Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4) and Zhongji (CV 3), once every two days and for 4 weeks (14 interventions in total). Separately, at the baseline and in 2 and 4 weeks of interventions, the urination conditions (average daily urination frequency, average daily leakage frequency, average daily single urination volume) were recorded in the two groups; the urodynamic parameters (maximum flow rate [Qmax], maximum detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate [PdetQmax], residual urine volume [RUA], maximum cystometric capacity [MCC], and bladder pressure) were detected; the neurogenic bladder symptom score (NBSS), urinary symptom distress score (USDS) were observed. Before and after treatment, the score of World Health Organization quality of life assessment scale-brief (WHOQOL-BREF) was observed in the two groups. The therapeutic effect, the incidence of urinary infection, and the safety were evaluated. RESULTS: In 2 and 4 weeks of interventions, the average daily urination frequency, the average daily leakage frequency, RUA, and the scores of NBSS and USDS decreased in the two groups when compared with the baseline (P<0.05). In 4 weeks of interventions, the above-mention outcomes were lower than those in 2 weeks of interventions (P<0.05); and the results in the observation group were lower in 2 and 4 weeks of interventions when compared with the control group (P<0.05). In 2 and 4 weeks of interventions, the average daily single urination volume, Qmax, PdetQmax, MCC, and bladder pressure increased in the two groups compared with the baseline (P<0.05). In 4 weeks of interventions, the above-mention outcomes were elevated in comparison with those in 2 weeks of interventions (P<0.05); and except for bladder pressure, the results in the observation group in 2 and 4 weeks of interventions were higher when compared with the control group (P<0.05). In 4 weeks of interventions, the scores of each dimension and the total scores of WHOQOL-BREF increased in comparison with the baseline in the two groups (P<0.05), and the scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of urinary infection was 0% (0/30) in the observation group and 10.0% (3/30) in the control group, without significant difference (P>0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.3% (28/30), which was higher than that (73.3%, 22/30) of the control group (P<0.05). No serious adverse reactions occurred in the patients of the observation group. CONCLUSION Fire needle therapy combined with bladder function training can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms, ameliorate urination, restore bladder function and improve the quality of life in the patients with NB caused by spinal cord injury. This therapeutic regimen presents a high safety in practice.
Humans ; Spinal Cord Injuries/therapy* ; Female ; Male ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/etiology* ; Urinary Bladder/physiopathology* ; Urination ; Young Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; Aged ; Adolescent ; Combined Modality Therapy

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for a patient with Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL). METHODS: A 35-day-old male infant who was admitted to the Oriental Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University on August 3, 2021 due to fever for over 7 hours was selected as the study subject. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was carried out for the proband and his parents, and candidate variants were selected based on the clinical phenotypes of the proband and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: WES and Sanger sequencing results revealed that the proband had harbored compound heterozygous c.67_71delinsGCCC and c.65delC variants of the PRF1 gene, which were respectively inherited from his mother and father. The c.67_71delinsGCCC variant was unreported previously. Based on the guidelines of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and clinical manifestations, it was classified as pathogenic (PVS1+PM2_Supporting+PM3+PP4). c.65delC was a known pathogenic variant (PVS1+PM2_Supporting+PM3_Strong+PP4). CONCLUSION The compound heterozygous variants of c.67_71delinsGCCC and c.65delC of the PRF1 gene probably underlay the disease in the proband. The identification of the novel variant has expanded the mutational spectrum of the PRF1 gene.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/genetics* ; Genomics ; Mothers ; Mutation ; Phenotype

Objective : To investigate the correlation between vitamin D levels and the risk of early childhood caries (ECC), and to provide a reference for the primary prevention of ECC in children. Methods : A total of 389 children aged 6 months to 48 months were enrolled in this study. Data of feeding patterns and oral health behaviors were collected, and decayed-missing-filled teeth (dmft) were recorded. The children were divided into an ECC group (dmft > 0, n= 146) and a caries-free group (dmft=0, n=243). Peripheral blood of fingertips was collected to detect the active form of vitamin D--25(OH)D in vivo, and the cariogenic activity of dental plaque was analyzed with the Cariostat test. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to analyze the correlation among caries related factors such as 25(OH)D levels and caries risk in patients with ECC. Results: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of dental caries among 25(OH)D deficiency, insufficiency and normal children (χ2=2.320, P=0.313). There was no correlation between dmft and 25(OH)D levels (dmft=1-3, r < 0.001, P > 0.05; dmft > 3, r= 0.009, P > 0.05). The risk factors for ECC were age (OR=1.082, 95% CI: 1.045-1.121, P < 0.001), breastfeeding within 6 months after birth (OR=2.789, 95% CI: 1.581-4.921, P < 0.001), nighttime milk consumption or sleeping with a nipple (OR=4.187, 95% CI: 1.938-9.048, P < 0.001), and a high Cariostat value of 1.5-3.0 (OR=4.173, 95% CI: 2.014-8.646, P < 0.001). Conclusion There was no correlation between 25(OH)D level and caries in children aged 6-48 months. The risk factors for ECC are age, breastfeeding before 6 months old, nighttime milk consumption or sleeping with a nipple and high cariogenic activity (Cariostat value of 1.5-3.0). It is necessary to establish good feeding habits and oral hygiene habits for children while promoting breastfeeding.

Objective: To understand the proper handwashing behavior of preschool children and primary school students in Beijing, and to analyze associated family factors to provide reference for further health intervention related to handwashing. Methods: From November to December 2020, parents of 36 kindergartens and 18 primary schools in 9 districts of Beijing were investigated online by using a self designed questionnaire with questionnaire star software. The contents of the survey included the basic situation of children and their families, parents correct knowledge of the prevention of novel coronavirus pneumonia, their perception of the epidemic risk, the provision of handwashing guidance for children, and children s handwashing behavior. Results: The proportion of proper handwashing of preschool children was 70.2%, which was higher than that of primary school students (61.9%) ( χ 2=57.63, P <0.01). The proportion of parents of preschool children who correctly knew handwashing related knowledge (36.2%, 33.4%), had low perception of epidemic risk (28.9%, 25.4%), and provided handwashing guidance (99.1%, 97.9%) was higher than that of parents of primary school students, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ 2=6.72, 22.84, 18.68, P <0.05). But the proportion of parents of preschool children who had high self efficacy (75.7%, 78.2%)was lower compared to parents of primary school students( χ 2=6.43, P =0.04). Multivariate regression results showed that whether preschool children or primary school students, urban areas and parents had high self efficacy, low risk perception, and provided hand washing guidance for children, children were more likely to wash their hands correctly. For preschool children, non only children were 0.79(95% CI =0.69-0.92) times more likely to wash their hands correctly than only children. For primary school students, girls were 1.21(95% CI =1.06- 1.39 ) times more likely to wash their hands correctly than boys, and parents who know knowledge correctly were 1.20(95% CI = 1.04 -1.40) times more likely to know it incorrectly( P <0.05). Conclusion Proper hand washing behavior of preschool children is higher than that of primary school students. Parental awareness of COVID-19 epidemic, handwashing behavior, self efficacy and guidance behavior have effects on the development of children s health behavior. Measures should be taken to enhance parents awareness of infectious diseases and their ability and self efficacy of guiding children in disease prevention.