Objective To explore the relationship between the change in waist circumference (WC) and new onset diabetes (NOD) in a population of north China.Methods A total of 101510 subjects took part in the health examination from 2006 to 2007 for the employees of Kailuan Group.89364 subjects with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ＜7.0 mmol/L,no history of diabetes,with complete data of FPG and WC,and without taking hypoglycemic agents were sclected as the observation cohort.Subjects who did not participate in the health examination from 2010 to 2011 and had incomplete data were finally excluded and thus 58426 subjects were included for final analysis.According to the baseline WC measurement and its quartile in the health examination during 2006 to 2007,the observed population was divided into two groups (obese group and non-obese group) or four groups ( first,second,third,and forth quartile groups).Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test the relation between the change in WC and NOD.Results ( 1 ) The incidence of NOD in obese group was higher than that in non-obese group (8.02％ vs 3.37％,P＜0.01 ).Along with increasing WC in the 4 quartile groups,the incidence of NOD was progressively increased,being 2.32％,3.62％,5.46％,and 8.89％ respectively in the total population ( 2.84％,3.65％,5.32％,and 8.95％ in male,and 1.50％,3.41％,6.22％,and 8.51％ in female).( 2 ) Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the first quartile group,the second,third,and forth quartile groups had increased risks of NOD after adjusting age,gender,and other risk factors,the OR value being 1.17,1.47,and 1.95,respectively.After adjusting above factors in different genders,the influence of the second group on NOD in males and females was not significant,however,they still increased the risks of NOD,with the OR value being 1.08,1.36,and 1.90 in male,and 1.35,1.70,and 1.88 in female,respectively.Conclusion The incidence of NOD is increased with increasing WC.

BACKGROUND: One unit of umbilical cord blood does not have a sufficient number of peripheral blood stem cells to meet the requirements of transplantation in adults. One solution of this problem is their ex vivo expansion, which requires not only a longer time and higher culture conditions, but also easily leads to the differentiation of stern cells, thus affecting the effects of transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To transduce human interleukin-3(IL-3) gene into umbilical cord blood CD34" cells and to observe IL-3 expression. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A cell-genomics in vitro experiment was performed in the Chengde Medical College in 2008. MATERIALS: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy adult were provided by Chengde Blood Center, and umbilical cord blood was provided by Chengde Maternal and Child Care Hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from each donor. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll gradient centrifugation and umbilical blood CD34+ cells were isolated using immunomagnetic beads method. IL-3 mRNA was extracted. IL-3 cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR, and IL-3 cDNA was subcloned into eukaryotic expressing vector pcDNA3. In the experimental group, pcDNA3/IL-3 vectors were transduced into umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells, while in the control group, transfection was not performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Detection of IL-3 level in umbilical cord blood CD34" cells suspension using ELISA kits. RESULTS: Theoretically, the amplified IL-3 cDNA was 616 bp, and actually, after agarose gel electrophoresis, the PCR products exhibited a strip with expected size under ultraviolet ray. Extraction of IL-3mRNA was successful and reversely transcripted cDNA was complete. A 616-bp inserted fragment was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis after double digestion with BamH Ⅰ and Xba Ⅰ, and it was the same as IL-3 sequence. Within 1-7 days after transfection, IL-3 level in the umbilical cord CD34+ cells suspension was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t = 3.46, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: IL-3 cDNA was successfully cloned, and eukaryotic expressing plasmid pcDNA3/IL-3 that could be effectively expressed within short term in umbilical cord CD34+ cells was successfully constructed.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension in high temperature,noise operators and related factors.Methods A total of 1 263 workers from a steel enterprise were selected,among them,583 operators contacting with high temperature and noise served as the group A,267 operators only contacting with noise as the group B,249 operators only contacting with high temperature as the group C and 164 operators without contacting with high temperature and noise as group D.The prevalence of hypertension and related factors were analyzed.Results In the analysis of hypertension prevalence rate,the group D (12.8％) ＜ group C (25.7％)＜ group B (34.6％)＜group A(43.9％).In the analysis of blood pressure(systolic pressure/diastolic pressure),the group D[(115.8± 11.5)/(73.6±5.4) mm Hg]＜ group C[(124.1±10.7)/(81.9±7.3) mm Hg]＜ group B[(132.9±11.3)/(86.7±5.2) rnm Hg]＜ group A [(143.7 ± 12.8)/(92.4 ± 6.5) mm Hg].The onset age of hypertension in the group A was earlier than that in the group B,C,D (P＜0.05).The lower educational level,the more working years,the bigger body mass index(BMI),themore smoking and drinking were,the higher the hypertension prevalence rate was.Hypertension had significantly negative correlation with the educational level and significantly positive correlation with age,working years,BMI,smoking and drinking (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in high temperature and noise operators is related to personal constitution and living habits.

Objective To explore the effect of prevention intraoperative hypothermia of different heat preservation measures during craniotomy cerebroma resection surgery in the department of neurosurgery. Methods According to the inclusion criteria, a total of 90 patients with craniocerebral surgery were recruited and randomly divided into A, B, C groups with random number table method, and 30 patients in each group. And the three groups were respectively given different heat preservation measures of regular cover, regular cover with infusion heating, regular cover with force-air warming. Meanwhile the rectal temperatures of just entered into the operating room, immediately after anesthesia induction and every 30 minutes after induction of anesthesia, as well as the HR, BP, the amount of infusion and flushing liquor, operation time, incidence of chills during operation, the condition of surgical site infection and hospitalization days were recorded and analyzed statistically by means of the software of SPSS 13.0. Results Rectal temperatures of the three groups were no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) ,when the patients just were moved into the operating room, immediately after anesthesia induction and 0.5 h、1 h after anesthesia induction. The rectal temperatures of the three groups had statistically significant difference (P<0.05) from the 1.5h after anesthesia induction to the end of the surgery.The incidence rates of introperative hypothermia and chill of group C were 26.7%(8/30)and10.0% (3/30),lower than group A and group B:60.0%(18/30), 33.3%(10/30)and 53.3%(16/30), 13.3%(4/30), meanwhile the statistically significant difference was found in these three groups (χ2=7.500, P=0.024;χ2=6.237, P=0.044).The volume of intraoperative blood loss and transfusion were 200(100, 300), 45(0, 60) ml, which lower than group A and group B:300(200, 525), 215(0, 400) ml and 250(150, 500), 120(0, 200) ml, and statistically significant difference was also found in these three groups(H=7.612, P=0.022;H=6.194, P=0.045). Conclusions Regular cover with force-air warming can effectively reduce the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia and chills of craniotomy cerebroma resection patients in the department of neurosurgery and reduce intraoperative bleeding and transfusion volume, as well as ensure the effect of surgical treatment. So it′s worth popularizing in clinic.

Objective: ICMM occupational health risk assessment model was be used to evaluate the risk of a lead-acid battery enterprise. Methods: In November 2016, a lead-acid battery company in Jiangsu Province was selected as the research object. Based on the occupational health survey data and occupational hazard assessment reports, the ICMM risk assessment model was used to conduct occupational health risks in eight key positions of a lead-acid battery enterprise. The risk assessment results was verified by actual test results. Results: In the quantitative assessment model, the occupational health risk assessment results for the castings and welding positions exposed to lead smoke, and the occupational health risk assessment results for the grinding and dividing positions exposed to lead dust existed unacceptable risks. The occupational health risk assessment results for the ball-milled and plated positions exposed to lead dust existed tolerable risks. The occupational health risk assessment results for the lead-plated and soldered positions exposed to sulphuric acid pastes and acids existed potential risks. In qualitative evaluation matrix method, the occupational health risk assessment results for the castings and welding positions exposed to lead smoke, and the occupational health risk assessment results for the grinding and dividing positions exposed to lead dust existed high risks, the occupational health risk assessment results for other four key positions were considered to be with low risks. Conclusion The key control points for lead smoke in this enterprise were castings and welding positions; The key control points for lead dust were the grinding and separating brush positions. The quantitative assessment model and the qualitative assessment matrix method in the ICMM model were consistent with the actual test results in the eight health risk assessments of occupational hazards in key positions. Therefore, the method could be applied to the assessment of occupational health risks of the lead-acid battery enterprise. According to the results of the assessment, improvements could be made to high-risk positions and the concentration of occupational hazards in high-risk posts could be reduced to better protect the health of workers.

Objective: To monitor the second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure in residents aged 15 years and over in public venues, indoor workplaces, on public transportation vehicles and at home in Beijing and evaluate the effect of Beijing Tobacco Control Regulation. Methods: Data from 2014 and 2016 Beijing Adult Tobacco Survey were used. The surveys covered 16 districts in Beijing. The study subjects were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling with probability proportional to population size, and data were collected by using electronic questionnaire in face-to-face household interviews. A total of 8 484 and 9 372 valid questionnaires were collected for the surveys in 2014 and 2016, respectively. Statistical packages SPSS 20.0 and R 3.4.4 were used for data analyses. After weighting the samples using complex survey designs, the SHS exposure rates in different places in adults of Beijing were estimated. χ² tests were performed for the comparison. Results: The SHS exposure rates of residents aged 15 years and over in Beijing who visited health care facilities, government buildings, universities, primary and secondary schools and restaurants declined from 12.8%, 19.7%, 24.3%, 32.8% and 65.7% in 2014 to 6.2%, 10.8%, 12.5%, 19.1% and 32.5% in 2016, respectively. The SHS exposure rates in bars/nightclubs were 89.5% in 2014 and 80.3% in 2016. From 2014 to 2016, the SHS exposure rates declined from 35.7% to 20.0% in indoor workplaces and declined from 3.9% to 2.5% on public transportation vehicles. The SHS exposure rates at home were 39.8% in 2014 and 37.6% in 2016, respectively. Conclusions The SHS exposure rates in public places declined obviously in Beijing after the one year implementation of Beijing Tobacco Control Regulation, indicating the effect of the regulation implementation.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the global cancer-associated thromboembolism risk assessment tools based on evidence- based methods， and to provide methodological reference and evidence-based basis for constructing a specific tool in China. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted on 6 databases， including CNKI， Wanfang data， VIP， CBM， PubMed， and Embase， as well as on the websites of NCCN， ASCO， ESMO and so on with a deadline of June 30， 2022. Furthermore， a supplementary search was conducted in January 2023. The essential characteristics and methodological quality of included risk assessment tools were described and analyzed qualitatively， focusing on comparing each assessment stratification ability. RESULTS Totally 14 risk assessment tools were included in the study， with a sample size of 208-18 956 cases and an average age distribution of 53.1-74.0 years. The applicable population included outpatient cancer student@sina.com patients， lymphoma patients， and multiple myeloma patients，etc. The common predictive factors were body mass index， venous thromboembolism history， and tumor site. All tools had undergone methodological validation， with 9 presented in a weighted scoring format. Only seven tools were used simultaneously for specificity， sensitivity， negative predictive value （NPV）， positive predictive value （PPV） and area under the curve （AUC） or C statistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS The risk of bias in constructing existing tools is high， and the heterogeneity of tool validation results is significant. The overall methodological quality must be improved， and its risk stratification ability must also be investigated. There are still certain limitations in clinical practice in China.