It is considered that formula screening should be in accordance with the heory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and the composition of formula should be simpliied. The doses of each ingredient and whole formula should be paid attention. In order to arantee the safety ana offectiveness of the preparation, the method of dose screening was roposed.

Objective To explore the effects of diet and/or exercise intervention on oxidative stress of overweight or obese adolescents.Methods Thirty-one adolescents with normal body weight(normal control group)and 93 overweight or obese adolescents(average age(13.6 ±0.7)years; body mass index (BMI)22.4 to 34.1 kg/m2)were enrolled in this study.The overweight or obese participants were then randomly assigned to the diet group(group A),exercise group(group B),diet plus exercise group(group C),and non-intervention group(group D).Individualized caloric intake was carried out.One-hour afterschool exercise was performed once per day,4 days per week for 10 weeks.Changes of anthropometry,body composition,and metabolic biomarkers were determined.Results Compared to the normal control group,serum levels of fasting glucose,total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and malondialdehyde(M DA)of the in overweight group were significant increased(all P ＜ 0.05),although the level of SOD was significant decreased(P ＜ 0.05).Serum MDA level was positively correlated with bodyweight,BMI,TC,and LDL-C(R values were 0.209,0.228,0.274,and 0.263,respectively ; all P ＜0.05),and serum SOD level was negatively correlated with bodyweight and BMI(R values were-0.334 and-0.362,respectively ; both P ＜ 0.05).Group A,B and C showed a significant decrease in BMI,waist circumference and body fat after the intervention(all P ＜ 0.05).The level of MDA was significantly decreased after the intervention in group A and B(both P ＜ 0.05); the levels of TC and LDL-C were significantly decreased in group B and C(both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:Oxidative stress could have existed in overweight adolescents even when their serum glucose and lipid profiles are at a normal level.Ten-week diet and/or exercise intervention may contribute to improved body weight control,lipid metabolism,and oxidative stress response in this population.

As a global disease,hepatitis B still threatens human health.However,the pathogenesis of hepatitis caused by HBV remains unclear.The innate immune system in the liver can detect HBV infection and use every strategy to eliminate the virus.DNA recognition receptors play an important role in this process;they recognize tlBV DNA or pgRNA in cytoplasm or nucleus,activate innate immunity through various signaling pathways to produce inflammatory cytokines and interferon,and finally exert their antiviral effect.This article summarizes the DNA recognition receptors involved in inflammation induced by HBV and HBV clearance,elaborates on their detailed pathways,and discusses the issues regarding the role of DNA recognition receptors in liver innate immunity induced by HBV and related perspectives.

Objective To explore the clinical teaching intervention measure and effect of the cultivation of humanistic quality of post 90s nursing students in practice .Methods One hundred and forty-eight nursing students in practice from 2012 and 152 cases from 2013 were chosen and divided into the control group and the observation group .The control group received traditional way of teaching , the observation group received the intervention study on the cultivation of humanistic quality about ten months through the bucket theory .The comprehensive intervention measures were carried out through the way of joint teaching in all clinical departments so as to improve the teaching philosophy , update the concepts of education , reform the curriculum structure, optimize teaching contents , refine teaching processes , and strengthen the model and guidance .The evaluation was carried out according to the formulation of methods and standard of evaluating the humanistic quality and professional image of nursing students in practice , and the scores of evaluation were analyzed , and the interventional effect was compared .Results The cases of nursing students in practice who respectively got 10-20, 21-30, and 31-40 were 4 cases (2.6%), 49 cases (32.3%), 99 cases (65.1%) in the observation group, and were significantly higher than 22 cases (14.9%), 53 cases (35.8%), 73 cases (49.3%) in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-3.351, P<0.05).The score of hospital patients on the cultivation of humanistic quality and self-evaluation of nursing students in practice in the observation group were higher than those in the control group , and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-3.202, P <0.05 ).Conclusions The implementation of the intervention of the cultivation of humanistic quality through the bucket theory can effectively improve the nursing students ’ humanistic quality , improve the professional image , and is benefit to all-round development of the nursing students in practice .

Objective To explore the method and efficacy of home enteral nutrition for patients undergoing radical resection of esophagus cancer. Methods A total of 85 patients who underwent radical surgery for esophageal cancer and jejunum fistula from January 2016 to March 2017 were enrolled and were divided into observation group (n=44) and control group (n=41) by random number table method. Patients of control group took normal family diet orally after nutrition assessment and jejunum fistula clipped while patients of observation group received extra special immune enteral nutrition preparations for tumor through fistula of jejunostomy under the guidance of a nutrition support team. After one month treatment, plasma nutrition indicators and European Screening for Nutrition Risk (NRS 2002) assessment were performed to analyze the difference of two groups to compare the nutrition status. Results All indicators did not differ when discharged for two groups (P>0.05). After one month intervation, level of hemoglobin, total serum protein, albumin, prealbumin and transferrin of the observation group were statistically higher than those of control group [(12.90±1.33) vs. (10.83±1.35)g/dl, (72.22±4.83) vs. (63.90±5.44)g/L, (41.63±2.67) vs. (36.98±3.69)g/L,(217.70±56.72) vs. (166.27±39.97)mg/L,(2.41±0.38) vs. (1.76±0.47)g/L; P< 0.01]. Percentage of patients with high nutritional risk (NRS 2002 ≥3) in the observation group was lower than that of the control group (45.5% vs. 68.3%; P<0.05). Conclusions Nutritional support at home after discharge could improve the nutritional status and reduce the risk of malnutrition for patients who underwent radical surgery for esophageal cancer.

Objective To analyze the basic characteristics and variation trend of death causes of permanent residents in Enshi City during 2013-2018, to assess the burden of different diseases, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating disease prevention and control strategies. Methods The death monitoring data of permanent residents in Enshi City, Hubei Province from 2013 to 2018 was collected. The crude mortality, standardized mortality, life expectancy, potential years of life loss (PYLL), standard potential years of life loss (SPYLL), average years of life lost (AYLL), and annual percentage change (APC) were calculated to describe the distribution and trend of death causes. Results The average annual crude death rate and standardized death rate of residents in Enshi City from 2013 to 2018 were 679.43 per 100 000 and 615.02 per 100 000, respectively. The top 5 causes of death were circulatory system diseases, respiratory system diseases, malignant tumors, injuries, and digestive system diseases, accounting for 91.2% of the total deaths. Analysis of life expectancy found that the average life expectancy of local residents from 2013 to 2018 was 78.02 years, and the value in the male group (75.57 years) was lower than that in the female group (80.78 years). Life loss analysis revealed that PYLL caused by various diseases was 171 620 person-years, SPYLL was 171 284.62 person-years, and AYLL was 15.03 years/person in Enshi City from 2013 to 2018. Among all the death causes, the top five in terms of life loss were injuries, malignant tumors, circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases and digestive diseases. Conclusion From 2013 to 2018, the death rate of residents in Enshi City was relatively higher compared with those in other cities in China, the average annual crude death rate was on the rise, and the average annual standardized death rate was on the decline, indicating a highly ageing region. Chronic diseases such as circulatory system diseases, malignant tumors, and respiratory diseases, as well as injuries were the main death causes and caused a heavy burden of diseases, which should be the focus of future prevention and control work. Considering the higher levels of death and life loss indicators of male residents than those of women, targeted prevention and control measures should be taken to narrow the gap between men and women and improve the overall life quality of the whole population.