Objective To summarize our experiences in the long-term continuous maintenance of the peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in a patient with intestinal fistula.Method The systematic holistic nursing care has been provided according to the nursing practices to a patient with intestinal fistula since 2006,during which eitht PICCs were used successively.Results The eight PICCs were placed for 3-14 months.The 1 st,3rd,5th,and 7th cathers were retained for 12,13,11,and 14 months.The second catheter was retained for 6 months,and then removed due to increased body temperature (38.7℃).The 4th cather was retained for 3 months,then catheter-related bloodstream infection was suspected due to high body temperature (39℃) ; culture for fungi at the tip showed positive results.The 6th catheter was retained for 7 months,inserting from jugular vein to the superior vena cava; however,it was removed due to puncture point local purulent changes at the puncture site.The 8th catheter was applied for 8 months,but was rmoved due to tube occlusion,which responded poorly to urokinase.Conclusion The application of PICC in patients with fistula can relieve the pain and improve the quality of life.

Objective After an experimental exposure to low dosage of Cd 2+(39*!?mol/L) for 30 days,the changes of Cd 2+ on ultrastructure of the hepatopancreas cells of the freshwater crab (Sinopotamon yangtsekiense♂)at three different times were studied. Methods Sixty freshwater crabs(♂)were divided into two groups:control(n=30) and test(n=30)groups.The test(n=30) group was exposed to low dosage of Cd 2+(39*!?mol/L)while the control crabs were in water without cadmium.During the 5*!d,15*!d,30*!d,the ultrastructure of the hepatopancreas cells was observed by using transmission electro-microscopy(TEM). Results In the course of the experiment,the nuclear membrane changed from spreading all over the place to disintegrated,and the penetration of the mitochondrial outer membrane and inner membrane was changed.The mitochondria showed swelling and vacuolating.Mitochondrial cristae partly disintegrated,then fully disintegrated.Besides,the Cd 2+ exposure affected the gross form and the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER).At first,the RER became the different sized vesicles,then,the ribosomes on the little vesicles began to fall,and finally,the RER turned to the concentric round lamellar structures.But the smooth endoplasmic reticulum(SER)increased markedly.In addition,the numbers and types of lysosome were increased in the mean time and some lysosomes became void vesicles,the autophagosomes or the myeloid bodies(MD).The microvilli showed partly falling and vacuolating.Conclusion After the cadmium treatment the detoxification mechanism of the freshwater crab's hepatopancreas cells lost,the structural and functional integrality of the mostly organelles,such as the nucleous,the mitochondria and the rough endoplasmic reticulum,were destroyed,so that the normal physiological function of hepatopancreas cells was affected.

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma is a kind of eye disease that can cause irreversible blindness which is characterized by visual field loss. Clinical research shows that the optic nerve head has changed before the visual field loss. The morphological changes of the optic nerve head have become the key to determine the early diagnosis of glaucoma and disease development. So it has important significance for us to study the morphological changes of the tissues of optic nerve head under the high intraocular pressure.
OBJECTIVE: To establish three-dimensional finite element model of optic nerve head which includes choroid, retina and lamina cribrosa, and analyze the thickness of the optic nerve head under the acute high intraocular pressure.
METHODS: (1) We chose healthy cats without refractive media and other eye diseases. The tomographic sequence images of the optic nerve head of a cat were obtained with the intraocular pressure of the normal value by using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. (2) The three-dimensional model of the retina, choroid and lamina cribrosa was obtained. Three-dimensional model of optic nerve head was established by assembling the model of the retina, the choroid and the lamina cribrosa. The thickness of the retina, choroid and lamina cribrosa was analyzed under different intraocular pressures by using the method of finite element analysis. (3) Animal model of acute ocular hypertension was established by methods of anterior chamber perfusion. The tomographic sequence images of the optic nerve head of a cat were obtained with different intraocular pressures by using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Then, we measured the thickness changes of the choroid, retina and lamina cribrosa under different intraocular pressures, and compared with the results of finite element analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The thickness of the choroid, retina and lamina cribrosa trended to be thin, and the cup dish ratio of optic nerve head increased gradual y with the increased intraocular pressures. Regarding to the thickness changes of the choroid, retina and lamina cribrosa, the trend of experimental measurement results was consistent with finite element calculation results. Hence, it is feasible to analyze morphological changes of every fundus tissue under high intraocular pressure using the tomographic sequence images obtained by optical coherence tomography. We can predict the morphological changes of the optic nerve head tissue by finite element analysis, which has certain guiding significance in determining the progression of glaucoma.

BACKGROUND:The measure and prediction of the shape of optic nerve head are the key issues for early diagnosis and duration prediction of glaucoma. Therefore, it is significant to research the shape variation of optic nerve head under high intraocular pressure.
OBJECTIVE:To establish three-dimensional finite element model of optic nerve head and to analyze the deformation of optic nerve head and the change in retina thickness after acute high intraocular pressure.
METHODS:Animal model of acute ocular hypertension was established by methods of anterior chamber perfusion. The tomographic images of the optic nerve head of a cat were obtained at the normal intraocular pressure and 5 320 Pa, 7 980 Pa, 10 640 Pa, 13 300 Pa, 15 960 Pa intraocular pressures using optical coherence tomography. Then, we measured the variation of retinal thickness at typical location. Basing on the tomographic images of optic nerve head of a cat at normal intraocular pressure, we obtained three-dimensional structure of retina and choroid using software MIMICS. Then three-dimensional model of optic nerve head was established by assembling the retina and choroid. The deformation of optic nerve head and the change in retinal thickness under high intraocular pressure were observed using software ABAQUS. The effectiveness of the model was verified by the experimental result.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With the increase of intraocular pressure, the retinal thickness is thinner, the optic nerve head depth, width and the ratio of the depth to width are gradual y increased. It suggests that the acute high intraocular pressure causes retinal thinning, optic nerve head widening and deepening. It is feasible to establish optic nerve head modeling in vivo by using optical coherence tomography, mechanical analysis can be applied to predict the shape variation of optic nerve head, which is significant to further deduce the pathological process of glaucoma.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of c-jun on hCG-induced testosterone secretion in isolated rat Leydig cells by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ASODNs).

METHODSc-jun ASODNs were used to antagonise the effects of c-jun, hCG was used to induce the testosterone secretion of LC cultured in vitro and testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTSThe testosterone secretion of LC in vitro could be induced by hCG, which was a good model for the functional study of LC. c-jun ASODNs decreased the hCG-induced testosterone secretion of LC in a dose-dependent manner(P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that c-jun proto-oncogene enhances the testosterone secretion of LC.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Leydig Cells ; secretion ; Male ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testosterone ; secretion

Objective:To explore a new training mode for nursing professionals suitable for the 1+X certificate system, and realize the training goal of "one specialty and multi-ability" compound technical nursing talents.Methods:To take the "1+ X" certificate standard as the basis for the construction of nursing specialty, to reconstruct the talent training program of integration of graduation certificate and certificate. To take the content of "1+X" certificate as the basis for the construction of professional courses, construct the core curriculum system of integration of curriculum and certificate. To build a "new double-qualified" teaching staff and constructing of new double-qualified teachers and accelerate the development of quality resources.Results:The talent training mode of integration of graduation certificate and certificate under the 1+X certificate system was constructed. The curriculum structure has been optimized. The teachers′ability of teaching, training and examination was improved.Conclusions:The new mode of training nursing professionals under the 1+X certificate system meets 1 degree education and X vocational training of nursing students and achieve a "1" and "X" seamless convergence. It provides innovative ideas for the promotion and implementation of 1+X certificate system pilot work in the field of nursing education nationwide.

Objective To analyze the hemodynamic parameters of anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the left coronary artery sinus (AORL) based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD), so as to make an evaluation of the disease. Methods A normal right coronary artery (RCA) case and an AORL case were selected. Two models were reconstructed in Mimics software and imported into ANSYS CFX software for hemodynamics simulation. The hemodynamics of normal RCA model and AORL model were compared. Results AORL model had a smaller volume flow (9.35 cm3/s), which might lead to insufficient blood supply downstream of the RCA; the pressure at the acute corner of AORL model (13.78 kPa) was lower than normal RCA model (14.9 kPa); the wall shear stress (WSS) of AORL model (12.83 Pa) was larger than that of normal RCA model (9.74 Pa); the total deformation of AORL model was relatively large. Conclusions The entrance velocity and pressure of AORL were lower than those of normal RCA, which might lead to ischemic symptoms. The research findings are of theoretical significance for the effective evaluation of ischemia and other diseases in clinic.

Capital Medical University has opened the courses of Prosthetic and Orthotics Engineering since 2003. Through a three-period development of more than ten years, the professional training scheme has met the international requirements and highlight in specialty characteristics. It needs a combination of medicine, rehabilitation, technology, prosthetic and orthotics, an enough foundation for personals and sites, teachers of bi-profession, and a comprehensive test system to practice.