Objective To observe the clinical effect of treating advanced esophageal carcinoma with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine.Methods 36 cases with advanced esophageal carcinoma were randomly divided into a eontrol group and a treatment group.The control group was treated with conventional radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy,and the treatment group was treated with three-dimensional conforrnal radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine.The short-term effect,toxicity and long-term effect were observed,and cause of death was analyzed.Results The complete remission rate in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The toxicity of the treatment group was markedly decreased.One and three years'survival rate between the two groups had a significant difierent(P＜0.05),but five years'survival rate between the two groups had no significant difference(P＞0.05).Local uncontrolled rate and recurrence rate in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group(p＜0.05).Conclusion The treatment of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine on advanced esophageal carcinoma was better than conventional radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy.

Objective To investigate the clinic effect of using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combining with Sanyangxuedai in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Methods Grouping 100 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer randomly into a control group and a treatment group,with 50 patients in each.The control group was treated with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy,the treatment group was treated on the basis of the control group with a ioint Sanyangxuedai.The clinical effects were compared in the two groups.Results The three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combining with Sanyangxuedai had more better treating indications than using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy only and the results had statistical significances(χ~2=12.01,P＜0.05).Conclusion The three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy combining with Sanyangxuedai had beaer clinical efrect in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

The genotypes of extended spectrum β-laetamases(ESBLs) and AmpC β-lactamases produced by Enterococcus gallinarum isolated from chloebia gouldiae were determined to elucidate the evolution mechanism of the resistant genes.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 18 antibacterial drugs against the Enterococcus gallinarum were detected with two dilution method,and the ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases from the bacterium were amplified by PCR using the primers of TEM,SHV,CTX-M,ACC,CIT,DHA,EBC,FOX and MOX,respectively.The PCR products were cloned and then the cloned fragments were sequenced to identify their genotypes and subtypes.The bacterium was proved to be a ESBL-producing and AmpC β-lactamase-producing bacterium,showing severe resistant to the other drugs,except the third and forth cephalosporins,carbopenems and fosfomycin.Compared with that of AJ847364 (TEM-116),the sequence of the TEM-type was characterized by two nucleotide mutations (512T→A and 695A→C),which led to two mutations of amino acids(17111e→Lys and 232Lys→Thr),showing that the detected TEM-type was a new genotype,the sequence of the AmpC β-lactamase was similar to that of EF078894 (ACT-like type)with a 97% homology.The genotype of ESBLs of Enterococcus gallinarum was a new TEM-type derived from the TEM-type ESBLs of klebstella pneumoniae isolated from the same avian.The genotype of AmpC lactamase was ACT-type,which probably concerned with β-1actam antibiotics used.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of PIK3CA on the sensitivity of acute B lymphocytic leukemia cells (Nalm-6 cells) to chemotherapy drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Children's normal B lymphocytes and Nalm-6 cells were cultured. Nalm-6 cells were transfected with PIK3CA siRNA (siPIK3CA group) or its negative control (PIK3CA-Control group). Normal Nalm-6 cells were named Mock group. Nalm-6 cells transfected by PIK3CA siRNA were treated with Akt inhibitor (siPIK3CA+Akti-1/2 group). mRNA and protein expression was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Proliferation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs was detected by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis was explored by low cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to test invasion. RESULTS: PIK3CA mRNA (p=0.008) and protein (p=0.006) expression was higher in Nalm-6 cells than that in normal B lymphocytes. Compared with the Mock group and PIK3CA-Control group, Nalm-6 cells of the siPIK3CA group had lower OD495 values (all p < 0.05) and invasion cell numbers (p=0.03 and p=0.025), as well as a higher proportion of G0/G1 phase cells (p=0.020 and p=0.022), percentage of apoptosis (p=0.016 and p=0.022), and inhibition rate (all p < 0.05). pAkt expression in the siPIK3CA group (p=0.026 and p=0.031) and siPIK3CA+Akti-1/2 group (p=0.019 and p=0.023) was lower than that in the Mock group. CONCLUSION: PIK3CA silencing inhibited Nalm-6 cell proliferation and invasion, and promoted their apoptosis and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs, potentially through regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Count ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Therapy ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, B-Cell ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of a new formulation of albendazole emulsion (AbzE) in cases of liver cystic hydatidosis.

METHODSTwo regimens of AbzE (10 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) and 12.5 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)) were given to 212 patients with liver cystic hydatidosis in courses ranging from 3 months to more than one year. Assessment of drug efficacy was essentially based on imaging signs with ultrasonography as the main tool. Assessments were performed at the end of different courses and in the follow-up study of 1 - 4 years after the cessation of therapy.

RESULTSAt the end of therapeutic courses, the overall cure rate of the 212 cases was 74.5%, with a 99.1% effective rate. In the follow-up study, the cure rate was 83.1%, effective rate was 89.3%, ineffective rate was 0.6%, and recurrence rate was 10.2%. The highest cure rate was observed in cases receiving AbzE 12.5 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) for 9 months. Retreatment of recurrent cases with AbzE obtained satisfactory results.

CONCLUSIONSAbzE surpassed other currently used antihydatidosis drugs or formulations with its promising efficacy and mild side effects, and could be recommended as a drug of choice in the treatment of cystic hydatidosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Albendazole ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Echinococcosis, Hepatic ; drug therapy ; Emulsions ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of midodrine hydrochloride in the treatment of intradialysis hypotension (IDH)in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD)patients.Methods One hundred and tburteen MHD patients from 8 dialysis centers with IDH were enrolled in the study.These patients took orMly midodfine for 4～6 weeks.Midodrine(2.5～10 mg)was given 15～30 minutes after the beginning of hemodialysis,and another 2.5～10 mg was used during hemodialysis if systolic blood pressure(SBP)increased less than 20 mm Hg.The total usage of each dialysis session was not more than 20 mg.The pre-,intra-,post-hemodialysis blood pressure and heart rate,the pre-and post-hemodialysis body weight,the uhrafiitrated volume of each dialysis,the pre-and post-treatment liver and renal function and electrocardiogram were measured and recorded.The symptoms of IDH were observed. Results Compared to those before treatment with midodrine hydrochloride,the minimum intradialysis SBP and heart rate at that time,the post-dialysis SBP and heart rate,and total uhrafiitrated volume changed significanlly (P＜0.01).The total effective rate was 84.2%.And the symptoms of IDH were improved significantly (P＜0.01).The side effects were observed in only 2 patients.Conclusion Midodrine iS safe and effective for the treatment of IDH.

Objective To investigate the clinical pathologic features of a distinct variant of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) characterized by neuronal loss of layer four.Methods Between 2005 and 2017,approximately 3 000 surgeries were performed for the treatment of intractable epilepsy at Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University and Yuquan Hospital,Tsinghua University.Retrospective analysis of clinic-pathological data of patients with epilepsy surgery was made and histological manifestations of neuronal loss of cortical layer four were included in this study.Results In this cohort,25 patients (22 males and three females) were identified with early onset pharmaco-resistant epilepsy and regionally circumscribed neuronal loss of cortical layer four in surgical specimens from the occipital lobe.Histologically,except for neuronal loss in cortical layer four in all cases,glial scar lesions were found in some patients.Thus the histology of those cases can be subdivided into two groups:group A (13 cases):neuronal loss of cortical layer four without glial scar lesions;and group B (12 cases):neuronal loss of cortical layer four with glial scar lesions.Due to the prominent horizontal disorganization of cortical layering and lack of any other microscopically visible principle lesion,group A should be classified hitherto as FCD International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) type Ⅰ b,however,group B with scar lesions and cortical dysplasia around the main leision,should be classified as FCD ILAE type Ⅲd.This retrospective analysis of clinical histories revealed a perinatal distress in 20 patients (80％),suggesting an acquired pathomechanism.Magnetic resonance imaging revealed abnormal signals in the occipital lobe in all patients,and signal changes suggestive of encephalomalacia were found in 18 patients.Surgical treatment achieved favorable seizure control (Engel class Ⅰ and Ⅱ) in 18 patients (75％ among 24 available follow up).Comparion of the two groups with age at epilepsy onset (group A:5.00±2.76,group B:5.01±3.78),the proportion of perinatal distress (group A:11/13,group B:9/12) and the follow-up results (favorable seizure control of the two groups was 9/13,9/11 respectively) showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.Conculsion Neuronal loss of cortical layer four in the occipital lobe should be classified as a distinct variant of FCD ILAE type Ⅲd.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective:To explore influence on physical development of children aged 18 months from HIV-positive mothers for prevention mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, and provide evidence for the improvement PMTCT program.Methods:This retrospective case control study was conducted in 554 HIV negative infants aged 18 months whose HIV positive mothers had received PMTCT services reported through PMTCT system database from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017 and 1 109 healthy infants born in 2017, whose mothers were healthy, in Lingshan, Luzhai, and Hengxian counties, ranking top three counties with high HIV infection prevalence, in Guangxi. PMTCT data and physical development data such as height, weight and head circumference of children aged 18 months were collected. The physical dysplasia in the infants was defined as at least one of the three main indicators of height, weight and head circumference below the normal range.Results:The number of HIV-positive mother and their infants in the case group were 667 and 554 respectively, and the PMTCT rates were 91.15 % (608/667) and 96.57 % (535/554) respectively. HIV positive rate, mortality rate and mother to child transmission rate of the infants aged 18 months were 1.44 % (8/554), 3.07 % (17/554) and 1.91 % (8/418) respectively, and the physical examination results of the infants aged 18 months showed that the physical dysplasia rate was 30.51 % (169/554). Among the 1 109 infants in the control group, the physical dysplasia rate was 9.83 % (109/1 109). The difference between the case group and the control group was significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The PMTCT rates of HIV positive mother and their children were more than 90.00 %, respectively. However, poor physical development rate of infants aged 18 months were more than 30.00 %. The possible influence of PMTCT on physical development of the infants aged 18 months of HIV positive mother’s needs to be further studied.

Objective: To summarize the clinicopathological features of cystic meningioangiomatosis. Methods: The clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics and pathological features of a case of cystic meningioangiomatosis were analysed, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: A 16-year-old male patient from Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University had a history of epileptic seizures for more than three months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a cystic mass in the left frontal lobe with long T₁ and long T₂ signals. Extensive resection of the upper frontal gyrus was performed. The excised lesion presented with a cystic shape after incision and contained colorless translucent liquid. Microscopic examination of the lesion showed that the number of blood vessels in the local cortex of the brain tissue was increased and the vessels appeared to be branching. The blood vessel walls were surrounded by proliferative spindle cells, which were arranged in concentric circles. Immunohistochemical study revealed that those spindle cells and the cyst wall were vimentin positive. These cells had a rich reticular fibers. Ten months after the operation, the general condition of the patient was good, no epileptic seiƶure was observed, and the follow-up MRI did not reveal any residual lesion. Conclusions MRI of cystic meningioangiomatosis shows cystic space occupying. Pathological findings show typical features of meningioangiomatosis and cystic space formation. Cystic meningioangiomatosis has good prognosis after surgical resection.