Objective:To establish an ion chromatography-integrated amperometric detection method for iodide in water.Methods:After the water sample was filtered through a filter membrane, the AS 11-HC anion chromatography column of ion chromatography method was used to separate iodide ions under the conditions of 70 mmol/L sodium hydroxide solution as the eluent, injection volume of 100 μl, column temperature of 30 ℃, and flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The results were determined by silver working electrode integral amperometric detection method. Under the optimized experimental conditions, methodological evaluations such as method calibration curves, detection limits, quantification limits, precision, and accuracy were conducted.Results:Iodide followed a square correction curve within the concentration range of 0 - 100 μg/L, with a correlation coefficient ( r) > 0.999 9. The detection limit of the method was 0.30 μg/L, and the quantification limit was 1.00 μg/L. The determination results of the national standard substances GBW09113f and GBW09114f for iodine composition analysis in water were within the reference range [(8.4 ± 1.2), (55 ± 6) μg/L]. The recovery rates of low, medium, and high concentration spiked samples with low background values ranged from 91.7% to 97.2%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 0.40% to 1.60%. Conclusion:This method has the characteristics of simple water sample pretreatment, high sensitivity, and good accuracy, which can meet the determination of trace iodides in bulk water samples for iodine deficiency disorders monitoring.

Objective:To establish an ion chromatography-integrated amperometric detection method for iodide in water.Methods:After the water sample was filtered through a filter membrane, the AS 11-HC anion chromatography column of ion chromatography method was used to separate iodide ions under the conditions of 70 mmol/L sodium hydroxide solution as the eluent, injection volume of 100 μl, column temperature of 30 ℃, and flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The results were determined by silver working electrode integral amperometric detection method. Under the optimized experimental conditions, methodological evaluations such as method calibration curves, detection limits, quantification limits, precision, and accuracy were conducted.Results:Iodide followed a square correction curve within the concentration range of 0 - 100 μg/L, with a correlation coefficient ( r) > 0.999 9. The detection limit of the method was 0.30 μg/L, and the quantification limit was 1.00 μg/L. The determination results of the national standard substances GBW09113f and GBW09114f for iodine composition analysis in water were within the reference range [(8.4 ± 1.2), (55 ± 6) μg/L]. The recovery rates of low, medium, and high concentration spiked samples with low background values ranged from 91.7% to 97.2%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 0.40% to 1.60%. Conclusion:This method has the characteristics of simple water sample pretreatment, high sensitivity, and good accuracy, which can meet the determination of trace iodides in bulk water samples for iodine deficiency disorders monitoring.

OBJECTIVE To study the prevention and control strategies for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii(CRAB)infection through inves-tigating an outbreak of CRAB infection in an intensive care unit(ICU),and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of such hospital-acquired infections.METHODS Epide-miological investigations were conducted on patients with CRAB infection in the ICU of a hospital from Jul.7 to Jul.29,2023,and microbial sampling,identification and drug sensitivity testing were conducted on suspected con-taminated environments and items.Targeted prevention and control measures were taken to control the outbreak.RESULTS Within a short period,8 patients in this hospital developed CRAB hospital-acquired infection,among whom,the drug resistance profiles of CRAB isolated from the specimens of 7 patients in bed A4,A14,B18,B19,B20,B21 and B22 were consistent.Through environmental hygiene monitoring,CRAB isolated from patient clothing,isolation gowns and medical staff uniforms matched the drug resistance profiles of the seven patient iso-lates.After taking targeted measures,no new CRAB infection cases occurred in Oct.,and CRAB was no longer i-solated from the environment and medical fabrics.CONCLUSIONS The suspected outbreak of CRAB infection may be related to the inadequate management and contamination of medical fabrics.Therefore,in addition to strictly implementing the routine prevention and control measures for multidrug-resistant bacteria,it is also crucial to strengthen the standardized management of medical fabrics for the prevention and control of hospital-acquired in-fections and outbreaks.

Objective:To investigate the effects of the transforming growth factor-β/Wingless 5a/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (TGF-β/WNT5a/JNK) signaling pathway on fibrosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs).Methods:The human LECs line SRA01/04 was divided into three groups, control group cultured with conventional medium, TGF-β group treated with TGF-β1 for 24 hours and WNT5a group treated with WNT5a for 24 hours.Western blot was performed to detect the relative protein expression levels of WNT5a, JNK, and phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) in cells of the three groups.The SRA01/04 cell line was further divided into four groups, control group cultured with conventional medium, TGF-β group treated with TGF-β 1 for 24 hours, TGF-β+ SP600125 group treated with TGF-β1 for 24 hours+ JNK inhibitor SP600125 for 2 hours, and WNT5a+ SP600125 group treated with WNT5a for 24 hours+ SP600125 for 2 hours.The relative expression of WNT5a, JNK, p-JNK, type Ⅰ collagen (Col-Ⅰ), fibronectin (FN), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in cells of the four groups was detected by Western blot.The distribution of α-SMA in cells was determined by immunofluorescence staining.Cell migration was evaluated via Transwell assay, and Col-Ⅰ gel area ratio was measured at 8, 16, 24, and 48 hours of culture by gel contraction experiment. Results:Western blot revealed that the relative protein expression levels of WNT5a, JNK, and p-JNK were significantly higher in the TGF-β and WNT5a groups than in the control group (all P<0.05).The expression levels of Col-Ⅰ, FN, and α-SMA were significantly higher in the TGF-β, TGF-β+ SP600125, and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the control group and significantly lower in the TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the TGF-β group (all P<0.05).Immunofluorescence staining showed that TGF-β-treated SRA01/04 cells transformed from columnar epithelial cells to spindle-shaped myofibroblasts in TGF-β group, whereas most cells in the TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups were still columnar epithelial cells.The relative fluorescence intensity of α-SMA was significantly higher in the TGF-β, TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the control group, and the relative fluorescence intensity of α-SMA was significantly lower in the TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the TGF-β group (all P<0.05).Transwell assay showed that there were more migrating cells in TGF-β group than in the control group, and the migrating cell count was lower in TGF-β+ SP600125 group and WNT5a+ SP600125 group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).Col-Ⅰ gel contraction experiment results showed that with the extension of culture time, the Col-Ⅰ gel area in each group decreased significantly, with significant overall comparison differences in the Col-Ⅰ gel area shrinkage ratios in each group at different time points ( Ftime=71.599, P<0.001) and among different groups ( Fgroup=71.604, P<0.001).After 48 hours of culture, the Col-Ⅰ gel shrinkage ratios in TGF-β group, TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups were (26.24±0.28)%, (64.02±1.05)%, and (76.81±0.28)%, respectively, which were significantly lower than (90.20±0.31)% of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The WNT5a/JNK signaling pathway, acting as a downstream target of the TGF-β signaling pathway, promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix deposition in LECs, and enhances cell contractility.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

Objective:To summarize the domestic and international research progress on adverse reactions to contrast-enhanced CT examinations, and forecast research themes, future hotspots, and trends.Methods:Using CiteSpace bibliometric methodology, retrieve Chinese and English literature on adverse reactions in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced CT examinations from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Web of Science. The search period covers database inception to December 31, 2023. After deduplication, CiteSpace and other software are employed to conduct statistics and analyses on publication volume, publishing countries, institutions, and keywords for both Chinese and English literature separately.Results:A total of 3 749 articles were included, comprising 3 044 Chinese-language articles and 705 English-language publications. Visual analysis revealed that the annual number of publications on CT contrast-enhanced examination-related adverse reactions exhibited fluctuating growth from 1994 to 2023. The United States emerged as the leading contributor in this research domain, while China demonstrated rapid growth in recent years. Network analysis of research institutions revealed insufficient collaboration and communication among domestic institutions. Thematic clustering identified 22 clusters and 25 emerging keywords in Chinese literature, compared to 20 clusters and 7 burst keywords in English publications. Domestic research priorities focused predominantly on adverse reactions to contrast agents, nursing interventions, and nursing prevention strategies. International research trends emphasized safety, risk factor identification for adverse reactions, contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) prevention, and the prevention of adverse reactions using contrast-agent nanomaterials.Conclusions:Both domestic and international research in this field exhibits distinct emphases but universally underscores the importance of nursing. It is imperative to strengthen multidisciplinary collaboration among domestic institutions in the future. By focusing on research hotspots and cutting-edge frontiers, expanding the depth and breadth of China's research in this domain, and continuously optimizing nursing strategies, we can effectively enhance nursing quality for CT contrast-enhanced examination patients, optimize patient experience, and contribute to the high-quality development of nursing practice in this field.

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

OBJECTIVE To study the prevention and control strategies for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii(CRAB)infection through inves-tigating an outbreak of CRAB infection in an intensive care unit(ICU),and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of such hospital-acquired infections.METHODS Epide-miological investigations were conducted on patients with CRAB infection in the ICU of a hospital from Jul.7 to Jul.29,2023,and microbial sampling,identification and drug sensitivity testing were conducted on suspected con-taminated environments and items.Targeted prevention and control measures were taken to control the outbreak.RESULTS Within a short period,8 patients in this hospital developed CRAB hospital-acquired infection,among whom,the drug resistance profiles of CRAB isolated from the specimens of 7 patients in bed A4,A14,B18,B19,B20,B21 and B22 were consistent.Through environmental hygiene monitoring,CRAB isolated from patient clothing,isolation gowns and medical staff uniforms matched the drug resistance profiles of the seven patient iso-lates.After taking targeted measures,no new CRAB infection cases occurred in Oct.,and CRAB was no longer i-solated from the environment and medical fabrics.CONCLUSIONS The suspected outbreak of CRAB infection may be related to the inadequate management and contamination of medical fabrics.Therefore,in addition to strictly implementing the routine prevention and control measures for multidrug-resistant bacteria,it is also crucial to strengthen the standardized management of medical fabrics for the prevention and control of hospital-acquired in-fections and outbreaks.

Objective:To investigate the effects of the transforming growth factor-β/Wingless 5a/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (TGF-β/WNT5a/JNK) signaling pathway on fibrosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs).Methods:The human LECs line SRA01/04 was divided into three groups, control group cultured with conventional medium, TGF-β group treated with TGF-β1 for 24 hours and WNT5a group treated with WNT5a for 24 hours.Western blot was performed to detect the relative protein expression levels of WNT5a, JNK, and phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) in cells of the three groups.The SRA01/04 cell line was further divided into four groups, control group cultured with conventional medium, TGF-β group treated with TGF-β 1 for 24 hours, TGF-β+ SP600125 group treated with TGF-β1 for 24 hours+ JNK inhibitor SP600125 for 2 hours, and WNT5a+ SP600125 group treated with WNT5a for 24 hours+ SP600125 for 2 hours.The relative expression of WNT5a, JNK, p-JNK, type Ⅰ collagen (Col-Ⅰ), fibronectin (FN), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in cells of the four groups was detected by Western blot.The distribution of α-SMA in cells was determined by immunofluorescence staining.Cell migration was evaluated via Transwell assay, and Col-Ⅰ gel area ratio was measured at 8, 16, 24, and 48 hours of culture by gel contraction experiment. Results:Western blot revealed that the relative protein expression levels of WNT5a, JNK, and p-JNK were significantly higher in the TGF-β and WNT5a groups than in the control group (all P<0.05).The expression levels of Col-Ⅰ, FN, and α-SMA were significantly higher in the TGF-β, TGF-β+ SP600125, and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the control group and significantly lower in the TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the TGF-β group (all P<0.05).Immunofluorescence staining showed that TGF-β-treated SRA01/04 cells transformed from columnar epithelial cells to spindle-shaped myofibroblasts in TGF-β group, whereas most cells in the TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups were still columnar epithelial cells.The relative fluorescence intensity of α-SMA was significantly higher in the TGF-β, TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the control group, and the relative fluorescence intensity of α-SMA was significantly lower in the TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups than in the TGF-β group (all P<0.05).Transwell assay showed that there were more migrating cells in TGF-β group than in the control group, and the migrating cell count was lower in TGF-β+ SP600125 group and WNT5a+ SP600125 group than in the control group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).Col-Ⅰ gel contraction experiment results showed that with the extension of culture time, the Col-Ⅰ gel area in each group decreased significantly, with significant overall comparison differences in the Col-Ⅰ gel area shrinkage ratios in each group at different time points ( Ftime=71.599, P<0.001) and among different groups ( Fgroup=71.604, P<0.001).After 48 hours of culture, the Col-Ⅰ gel shrinkage ratios in TGF-β group, TGF-β+ SP600125 and WNT5a+ SP600125 groups were (26.24±0.28)%, (64.02±1.05)%, and (76.81±0.28)%, respectively, which were significantly lower than (90.20±0.31)% of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The WNT5a/JNK signaling pathway, acting as a downstream target of the TGF-β signaling pathway, promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix deposition in LECs, and enhances cell contractility.

Objective:To summarize the domestic and international research progress on adverse reactions to contrast-enhanced CT examinations, and forecast research themes, future hotspots, and trends.Methods:Using CiteSpace bibliometric methodology, retrieve Chinese and English literature on adverse reactions in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced CT examinations from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Web of Science. The search period covers database inception to December 31, 2023. After deduplication, CiteSpace and other software are employed to conduct statistics and analyses on publication volume, publishing countries, institutions, and keywords for both Chinese and English literature separately.Results:A total of 3 749 articles were included, comprising 3 044 Chinese-language articles and 705 English-language publications. Visual analysis revealed that the annual number of publications on CT contrast-enhanced examination-related adverse reactions exhibited fluctuating growth from 1994 to 2023. The United States emerged as the leading contributor in this research domain, while China demonstrated rapid growth in recent years. Network analysis of research institutions revealed insufficient collaboration and communication among domestic institutions. Thematic clustering identified 22 clusters and 25 emerging keywords in Chinese literature, compared to 20 clusters and 7 burst keywords in English publications. Domestic research priorities focused predominantly on adverse reactions to contrast agents, nursing interventions, and nursing prevention strategies. International research trends emphasized safety, risk factor identification for adverse reactions, contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) prevention, and the prevention of adverse reactions using contrast-agent nanomaterials.Conclusions:Both domestic and international research in this field exhibits distinct emphases but universally underscores the importance of nursing. It is imperative to strengthen multidisciplinary collaboration among domestic institutions in the future. By focusing on research hotspots and cutting-edge frontiers, expanding the depth and breadth of China's research in this domain, and continuously optimizing nursing strategies, we can effectively enhance nursing quality for CT contrast-enhanced examination patients, optimize patient experience, and contribute to the high-quality development of nursing practice in this field.