FoxO as an important transcription factors,can be deacetylated by SIRT1 (a sort of deacetylases),SIRT1-FoxO-au-tophagy pathway is likely to play a vital role in some diseases,e. g.diabetes,aging,obesity,cancer,cardiovascular diseases and muscle atrophy,etcetera.This paper aims to analy transcription-al regulation mechanism of FoxO,and reviews the progress of SIRT1-FoxO-autophagy pathway.

Objective To evaluate the change about the function of pituitary thyroid axis and the role of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on regulation of pituitary thyroid axis in pregnancy Methods The study was designed to provide longitudinal information of parameters of thyroid function and hCG in 74 healthy women during pregnancy and after delivery Serum free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxin (FT 4), TT 3, TT 4, hCG and thyroid hormone binding globulin (TBG) concentrations were measured with radioimmunoassary and serum TSH concentration with immunoradiometric assay Results (1) The FT 3 and FT 4 values below the reference range were 5 88% and 9 80%, respectively, in third trimester and after delivery, both were 38 10% The serum TSH level below the reference range was 31 25% in first trimester and supranormal were 11 90% after delivery The serum hCG level at all stages of pregnancy was higher than postpartum (2) The serum FT 3 level was significantly higher in first (4 37?0 78) pmol/L and second (4 75?0 90) pmol/L trimesters than postpartum (2 96?0 84) pmol/L, decreased in third trimester (3 94?0 75) pmol/L and the lowest level after delivery The serum FT 4 level was significantly higher in first (14 07?1 44) poml/L and second (12 86?0 84) pmol/L trimesters than postpartum (10 45?1 45) poml/L, decreased in third trimester (11 29?1 00) pmol/L and the lowest level after delivery (3) The serum TSH level was the lowest values in early pregnancy (0 88?0 83) mU/L, showed significant increase in second (1 86?1 04) mU/L and third (1 48?0 90) mU/L trimesters and reached maximal level after delivery (2 82?1 42) mU/L (4) The serum hCG level was the highest in early pregnancy (309 05?320 02) ?g/L, then significant decreased in second (69 11?19 18) ?g/L and third (86 25?44 60) ?g/L trimesters and was the lowest levels after delivery (29 92?20 91) ?g/L (5) A significant negative correlation between TSH and hCG levels and a significant positive correlation between hCG and FT 4 and TT 4/TBG were demonstrated Conclusions (1) hCG may be as role on regulation of pituitary thyroid axis during pregnancy and during certain time of postpartum (2) After delivery, part of women were transient hypothyroxinemia

Objective To research the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT)for sepsis and bacterial infection in children,and evaluate the value of severity and prognosis evaluation by dynamic monitoring for PCT levels in children with sepsis.Methods Prospective study.From July 2011 to April 2012,297 children in PICU were divided into sepsis group(n =125)and non-sepsis group(n =172).The sepsis group were divided into severe sepsis group and non-severe sepsis group,at same time,to be divided into bacterial sepsis group and non-bacterial sepsis group.The concentrations of serum PCT,C-reactive protein (CRP),WBC,neutrophil ratio in different time periods were obtained;the pediatric critical illness scores were conducted and sepsis related organ failure assessment were evaluated,the condition of prognosis was observed.Results The level of PCT in sepsis group and non-sepsis group were (21.31 ± 18.27)ng/ml,(4.35 ± 2.63)ng/ml,respectively.PCT of sepsis group was higher than that of non-sepsis group (t =4.744,P ＜ 0.01).The area under ROC curve of PCT,CRP and WBC in sepsis group were 0.737 (95 ％ confidence interval:0.633 ～ 0.840),0.704 (95 ％ confidence interval:0.610 ～ 0.799),0.666 (95 ％ confidence interval:0.554 ～0.778),respectively.When the level of PCT was 10 ng/ml,the diagnosis of severe sepsis had critical value,with sensitivity 80.2％ and specificity 82.6％.We found that PCT rapidly increased at the early infection by dynamically observing PCT,CRP and WBC of sepsis group.Furthermore,when the infection was controlled after using the antibiotic for 5 days,PCT also quiekly came down.However,CRP,WBC remained high level after controlling the infection and they declined slower than PCT.The PCT level of the children in the dead group was significantly higher than that in the survival group.PCT showed negative correlation with pediatric critical illness score (r =-0.621,P ＜ 0.05),and positive correlation with sepsis related organ failure assessment(r =0.755,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion PCT has important value for diagnosing severe sepsis and bacterial sepsis.Dynamic PCT monitoring is valuable in severity classification and prognosis assessment for critically ill children with sepsis,and provide guides for clinicians to adjust the antibiotic use in time.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Smilax Glabra Roxb on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) induced by IL-1 in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods Take human umbilical vascular endothelial cells as study subject, use immunofluorescence staining, serum pharmacology of the traditional Chinese medicine and flow cytometer. The level of VCAM-1 is represented by the mean fluorescence intensity. Results IL-1 increases the expression of VCAM-1, the expression of VCAM-1 in group of serum containing drugs is lower than control group. Conclusion Smilax Glabra Roxb can inhibit the effect of IL-1 induced increase of VCAM-1 expression in HUVECs.

Aim To investigate the role of autophagy in the cardioprotection by orientin and the relative molec-ular mechanisms in cell apoptosis and autophay. Meth-ods The isolated ischemia reperfusion ( I/R ) heart model was built firstly. The Experiments were divided into seven groups:control group, I/R group, different concentrations of orientin-treated group ( 1. 0 mg · kg-1 ,2. 0 mg· kg-1 ,4. 0 mg · kg-1 ) , autophagy in-hibitor group and resveratrol group. Hemodynamic in-dex were recorded by PowerLab, the activities of myo-cardial enzymes were detected through Biochemical an-alyzer, the ultrastructure changes and autophagosomes in myocardial cells were detected by electron microsco-py, the apoptosis was detected by TUNEL, and LC3 and Beclin1 protein levels of left ventricle were meas-ured by Western blot. Results Orientin at middle and high concentrations(2 and 4 mg·kg-1 ) induced auto-phagy shown by increased the number of autophago-somes, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ ratio and Beclin 1 expression after ischemia-reperfusion. The induction of autophagy by orientin was correlated with enhanced cardiac func-tion and decreased apoptosis. But wortmannin, a kind of autophagy inhibitor, significantly attenuated the ori-entin-induced autophagy and increased apoptosis. Con-clusion The cardioprotection of orientin against myo-cardial ischemia reperfusion injury may be mediated through the inhibition of apoptosis and induction of au-tophagy.

Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol(Res) on neonatal rat cardiomyocyte lesion induced by hypoxia. Methods The cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats were cultured in vitro and the model of cardiomyocytes hypoxia was established. The cardiomyocyte vitalities were determined by MTT assay. The cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33258 fluorescent staining. The levels of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were measured as well. Results After the administration of hypoxia for 8, 12, 16 and 24 hours, the cardiomyocyte inhibitory was(22.13?3.22)%, (29.75?0.34)%, (37.43?6.42)% and (45.47?7.32)%, respectively. After the administration of hypoxia for 24 hours, the typical morphologic changes of apoptosis in cardiomyocytes were showed.The intracellular GSH-Px activity decreased from(46.96?8.36)U/ml to(27.13?4.76)U/ml (P

Objective To study the value of Procalcitonin (PCT) in predicting the severity of the critically ill children by analyzing the clinical data of increased PCT level.Methods A total of 392 patients with increased PCT admitted to the PICU of Hunan Children's Hospital from August 2011 to April 2012 were enrolled.The data of clinical manifestations,medical condition,sputum culture,organ function and prognosis were summarized and analyzed statistically.The continuous variables were analyzed with t-test,the categorical variables were analyzed with Chi-squared test,and the correlation analysis was calculated using Pearson coefficients.Results Serum PCT had a positive correlation with inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP),white blood cell (WBC) count and the percentage of neutrophils (NEU％) (P ＜ 0.01).PCT was significantly higher when sputum culture was positive (P ＜0.05) but there were no obvious changes in CRP,WBC and NEUT％ (P ＞ 0.05).Serum PCT increased obviously in the presence of organ dysfunction.The higher serum PCT,the more likely multiple organ failure would happen.The PCT level upon admission in death group (63 cases) was (62.43 ± 70.19) ng/ml,which was higher than that in survival group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions PCT level is helpful in assessment of severity and prognosis of bacterial infection in critically ill children,and can reflect the organ dysfunction objectively.It can improve the survival rate and the life quality in critically ill children.

Proline-rich cell wall proteins are widely spread in plants and are believed to function by modeling the architecture of the cell wall surrounding specific cell types. Five genes encoding proline-rich proteins were isolated from cotton cDNA libraries. The most common characteristic of these proteins is the abundant proline residues that occur in repeating motifs of at least two consecutive Pros. Based on amino acid composition, repetitive motifs and domain organization, the five members can be divided into two subgroups: one group similar to common PRPs including GhPRP3, GhPRP6, GhPRP5 and GhPRP4 was composed of two domains, an N-terminal hydrophobic domain (or signal peptide) followed by a proline-rich domain containing different proline-rich repetitive motifs; the other group different from common PRPs including GhPRPL lies in it contains an N-terminal hydrophilic domain, eight repetitive copies of pentapeptide (similar to PPKKE) lies in the C-terminal domain. Expression studies of the six GhPRPs have been carried out by quantitative realtime RT-PCR. The results showed that GhPRP3 and GhPRP5 were preferentially expressed in 10 dpa fiber, little transcripts was detected in other tissues examined. GhPRPL highly expressed in cotyledons, whereas smaller or negligible amounts of its transcripts were detected in other tissues. The remaining two genes, GhPRP4 and GhPRP6, were expressed in all the tissues analysed, but their transcript level is different. GhPRP4 mRNA is most abundant in hypocotyls, and then in anther, while GhPRP6 expressed highly in fiber, and then in 10 dpa ovule. Furthermore, the results showed that the fiber-specific GhPRP3 and GhPRP5 were also developmentally regulated, suggesting that the genes may play important roles during cotton fiber development.

Background The aqueous flare is obvious in uveitic glaucomatous eye due to the damage of blood-aqueous barrier,especially following intraocular surgery.How to quantitatively determine the aqueous flare is important for us to understand the severity of inflammatory response.Objective This study was to assess inflammatory response following Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in uveitic glaucomatous eye.Methods A nonrandomized controlled study was carried out under the approval of Ethic Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University.Twenty-nine eyes of 29 subjects with refractory glaucoma were enrolled this hospital from October 2011 through July 2012.The patients were divided into the uveitic glaucoma group (10 eyes) and the other refractory glaucoma group (19 eyes) with the matched demography,and Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation was performed on all the eyes under the informed consent of each patient.The aqueous flare value was determined with FC-2000 flare-cell photometry and intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with Goldmann tonometer before surgery and 1 day,3 days,1 week,2 weeks,1 month and 3 months after surgery.The outcomes were compared between the two groups,and the correlation of aqueous flare value with IOP was analyzed.Results In the uveitic glaucoma group,the aqueous flare values were 21.10 (10.50,38.58) photoparticles/ms,88.00 (23.55,168.63) photoparticles/ms and 29.90 (8.90,65.18)photoparticles/ms 1 day,3 days and 1 week after surgery,which were significantly higher than 13.53 (7.60,24.00) photoparticles/ms before surgery (all at P＜0.01).The same trend was found in the other refractory glaucoma group.In addition,the aqueous flare value was higher in the uveitic glaucoma group than that in the other refractory glaucoma group in 3 months after surgery (q=-3.445,P＜0.01).No significant differences were seen in IOP between the two groups at various time points (all at P＞0.05).Also,no significant correlations were seen between IOP and aqueous flare value in all patients at various time points (preoperation:rs =0.136,P =0.481; postoperative 1 day:rs =0.019,P =0.922 ; postoperative 3 days:rs =-0.035,P =0.858 ; postoperative 1 week:rs =0.317,P=0.094; postoperative 2 weeks:rs =0.034,P =0.861 ; postoperative 1 month:rs =-0.094,P =0.628 ; postoperative 3 months:rs =0.065,P =0.738).Conclusions FC-2000 flare-cell photometry can reflect the inflammatory reaction of the anterior chamber following Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in various types of refractory glaucomatous eyes.The postoperative inflammatory response is more serious and lasting in uveitic glaucomatous eye.

Objective Matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10) has been shown to be highly associated with atherosclerosis.Recent studies showed that levels of MMP-10 were elevated in infarcted tissues in acute ischemic stoke.However,serum levels of MMP-10 in patients with acute ischemic stroke have never been studied previously.This study aims to investigate the serum levels of MMP-10 in patients with acute ischemic stroke,and evaluate the association of serum levels of MMP-10 with stroke subtypes based on Trial of Org 10 172 in acute stroke treatment classifications,the severity of stroke,risk factors and carotid artery plaque.Methods The circulating levels of MMP-10 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 194 subjects,including 109 patients who were diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke in the Department of Neurology,Shengjing Hospital,China Medical University from April to December 2012,and the 85 healthy controls.Results Patients with acute ischemic stroke had higher serum levels of MMP-10 compared with healthy controls (6.59 (6.07,7.31) μg/L vs 5.16 (3.87,5.94) μg/L,Z =8.33,P ＜ 0.01).NIHSS score had positive correlation with serum levels of MMP-10 (r =0.204,P =0.037).Classified by risk factors,we compared the MMP-10 levels of subsets,and results displayed that statistically significant difference existed between dyslipidemia subset and non-dyslipidemia subset (Z =2.07,P =0.042).MMP-10 levels had positive correlation with serum levels of LDL-cholesterol (r =0.248,P =0.040),but negative correlation with thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI;r =-0.208,P =0.030).The subset with unstable plaques had higher MMP-10 levels than that with stable plaque (6.62 (6.13,7.36) μg/L) vs 6.10 (6.00,6.46) μg/L,Z =2.12,P =0.034),implying the relationship of MMP-10 and atherosclerosis.Conclusions Patients with acute ischemic stroke have higher serum levels of MMP-10 compared with the healthy controls,and MMP-10 levels have positive correlation with the severity of stroke.MMP-10 is associated with the subtypes of stroke classified by risk factors,and dyslipidemia subset has higher levels of MMP-10 than that of non-dyslipidemia subset.MMP-10 has positive correlation with LDL-cholesterol,but negative correlation with TAFI.MMP-10 may be involved in the process of formation and disruption of unstable plaques,which contribute to the stenosis of arteries and onset of acute ischemic stroke.