Positron emission tomography (PET)/CT plays an important role in the diagnosis of bone metastasis from lung cancer,and can reflect the pathophysiological and morphological changes in lesion of bone metastasis.The sensitivity,specificity and the overall accuracy of PET-CT for the diagnosis of bone metastasis in patients with lung cancer are higher than those of routine methods such as X-ray,CT scan,MRI and SPECT/CT.

Objective To investigate the perfusion characteristics of normal pancreas and pancreatic carcinoma on multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT).Methods Perfusion CT for pancreatic cancer was performed with sixteen-slice spiral CT in 26 patients(all of them were then confirmed by pathology).Eighteen patients without pancreatic disorders served as controls.Contrast medium-enhanced dynamic CT was performed,and the data were analyzed by using commercial software to calculate tissue blood flow(BF),blood volume(BV),mean transit time(MTT),and vascular permeability-surface(PS)area product.Perfusion parameters of normal pancreas and tumors tissues were compared.Results Technical failures were experienced in 1(3.85%)subjects of pancreatic carcinoma.The mean BF,BV,MTT and PS in pancreatic carcinoma were(68.89?73.42)mL/(100 mg? min),(10.02?3.59)mL/100 mg,(8.23?3.26)s,(28.63?9.35)mL/(100 mg?min),respectively.The mean BF,BV,MTT and PS in normal pancreas tissue were(173.53?71.33)mL/(100 mg?min),(14.43?3.15)mL/100 mg,(7.15?5.45)s,(13.98?8.53)mL/(100 mg?min),respectively.The mean BF,BV and PS between pancreatic carcinoma and normal pancreas were statistically significant(BF,PS:P0.05).Conclusion CT perfusion imaging can be used to identify patients with pancreatic carcinomas,because individual differences exist in the results of CT perfusion.

The integration of the biochemistry teaching content in thematic teaching pattern is the key link to realize the specialization of biochemistry and the theme of teaching contents.Around the theme of the content integration,weakening discipline consciousness and serving the professional ability are the requirements of curriculum reform of the new era and the requirements of the education concept students as the main body,teachers as the leading.In practice,we should conduct content integration three-dimensional perspective fromthree-dimensional perspective three dimensional perspectives of biochemicalthreedimensional perspective knowledge,professional and practical characteristics,including the integration of professional theme and the integration of teaching theme in order to build a suitable subject teaching mode,to further improve the teaching effect of biochemistry.

Background and purpose:The non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been the highest disease incidence in lung cancer, sputum cytology diagnosis has become an important adjunct to the early diagnosis of lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of thinprep cytological and immunocytochemical method in differentiatial diagnosis of exfoliated cells of malignant sputum in NSCLC. Methods:Sputum samples were detected with thinprep cytology test, a total of 530 cases suspicious tumor cells and malignant tumor cells sputum specimens were randomly selected in continuous paraffin-embedded sections, respectively, NSCLC tumor cell markers CK7, CK5/6, TTF-1, P63, EMA were evaluted by immunocytochemical staining. Results:Of the 530 cases of malignant sputum, these were confirmed 265 cases of lung adenocarcinoma, 246 cases of squamous carcinoma, 19 cases of adeno-squamous carcinoma. Moreover, TTF-1 and CK7 were signiifcantly higher expressed in adenocarcinoma, the positive rates were 92.45%(245/265) and 91.70%(243/265);CK5/6 and P63 were signiifcantly higher expressed in squamous carcinoma, the positive rates were 97.15% (239/246) and 99.59% (245/246). Conclusion: Liquid-based cytology combined with immunocytochemistry had important clinical value in classification and identification of sputum samples, the combination of CK7, CK5/6, TTF-1, P63, EMA can be used for classiifcation and identiifcation of malignant sputum samples between NSCLC, is worthy of promoting in clinical cytopathology diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of co-infection in initial treatment acute leukemia induction chemotherapy.Methods The clinical features of 179 untreated acute leukemia patients with nosocomial infection were analyzed after combined chemotherapy.Results In the 179 patients,151cases achieved complete remission,the complete remission rate was 84.4 ％,82 cases suffered from nosocomial infections,the incidence of infection was 45.8 ％.The sites of infection were oral,anal,lung,as well as primary foci was not clear bacteremia.In 428 specimens,the isolated bacterial colony counted a total of 66,the number of fungal colonies was 9,the bacterial colony was G-bacteria-based.G-bacteria had different degrees of resistance to many antibiotics.Extended-spectrum β-lactamases strains had not been detected in these specimens.Conclusion Acute leukemia patients is easy to co-infection after chemotherapy.Control and prevention of nosocomial infections should run throughout the entire treatment process,application of laminar flow bed helps reduce the newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients with nosocomial infection incidence.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the teaching quality of the course of Drug Abuse and ADR Moni-toring in pharmacy master degree candidates. METHODS:In Pharmacy College of Jilin University,traditional teaching method was adopted among pharmacy master degree candidates of grade 2014(n=30,control group);case teaching method was adopted for the course of Drug Abuse and ADR Monitoring among those of grade 2015 (n=32,observation group). The teaching effects were evaluated by questionnaire and examination. RESULTS:Theoretical examination result and case analysis score as well as the rate of excellent case analysis score in observation group were all significantly higher than control group,with statistical signifi-cance (P<0.05). The satisfaction degree of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group in respects of teaching methods,arousing interest in classroom learning,establishing the awareness of safe and rational drug use,with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:For the course of Drug Abuse and ADR Monitoring in pharmacy master degree candi-dates,case teaching method improves students'exam results,stimulates students'interest and enthusiasm,promotes the establish-ment of students'safe and rational drug use consciousness and improves teaching quality.

Objective: To enhance the dissolution rate in vitro and bioavailability in vivo of the active components of extraction of Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi. Methods: Solid dispersion of extract of Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi were prepared with solid dispersion technology, X ray diffraction and stability experiments were also carried out. Results: The dissolution rates in vitro of the active components of extraction of Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi solid dispersion were obviously raised and stable, and the solid dispersion was not easy to age. Conclusion: The dissolution rate in vitro of the active components in Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi can be inproved greatly by the solid dispersion using PVP and HPMC as a carrier.

Aim To investigate the role of cAMP re-sponse element binding protein (CREB)in the injury of rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (RPM-VEC)induced by LPS.Methods RPMVECs were i-solated and cultured in vitro,Western-blot was used to assay phosphorylation levels of CREB.Endothelial per-meability was determined by measuring the influx of Evans blue-labeled albumin across endothelial mono-layer.Results LPS increased CREB phosphorylation at Ser 1 3 3 in RPMVEC in a time-dependent manner , peaked at 30 min,but still higher at 120 min compared with basal control group.Pretreatment of cells with PKA inhibitor V5681 nearly suppressed the CREB phosphorylation stimulated in the presence of LPS,and the monolayer permeability of PMVEC was significantly increased. Conclusions LPS rapidly induces the phosphorylation of CREB in RPMVEC,and PKA me-diates the process.During the process of LPS-stimula-ted injury of RPMVEC,phosphorylation of CREB may play a protective role.

Objective: To investigate the anti-tumor efficiency of B16 melanoma HACs in vivo and in vitro.Methods: Tris-HCI extract and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration were applied to prepare B16 HACs, and the cytolokicity of specific CTL induced by HACs was tested. Results: The 41, 47 and 53 tube HACs obtained by gel filtration could decrease the tumor incidences, delay the time of tumor development and decrease the mortalitites of mice.Conclusion:60 ~ 97 kD HACs from B16 melanoma cytosol have the activites of inhibiting tumor and could be used in effective anti-tumor therapy.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picornaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand,foot,and mouth disease (HFMD) in children.Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed.Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu.The VP1 protein from one of these strains,55F,was expressed.The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody,the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay.These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.