Bilirubin ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Humans

The teaching of geriatrics requires the combination of basic medicine,clinical medicine,nursing,rehabilitation medicine and pharmacy,and the intersection of medical science and humanities.In order to meet the problems of coping with much disease coexistance in geriatrics,poor efficacy,long course of disease,slow recovery and adverse drug reactions,the article puts forward the combination of blackboard and multimedia,the combination of teacher teaching and student lectures,the combination of PBL and CBL,and the combination of theoretical knowledge and clinical practice.It also puts forward carrying out reforms from such measures as the classroom teaching,teaching rounds,case discussion,literature reading,academic research,humanistic influence,going to community pension center for social practice and so on,to improve the quality of gerontology teaching.

Objective:To explore the effect of multimedia interactive teaching mode on the standardized residency training in department of geriatrics.Methods:This study selected 80 geriatric residents taking the standardized training in the Department of Geriatrics, First Hospital of Jilin University from October 2019 to October 2020, and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The control group adopted the traditional teaching mode to train the residents, while the experimental group adopted the multimedia interactive teaching mode to train the residents. After training for 3 months, the theoretical knowledge and clinical skills examination results after the training, comprehensive ability before and after the training, and the satisfaction with the training mode after the training were compared between the two groups. SPSS 26.0 was performed for t test. Results:There were significant differences between the two groups in the scores of theoretical knowledge[(92.06±4.75) vs. (87.54±4.23)] and clinical skills [(89.63±4.28) vs. (80.09±4.13)]( P<0.05), and the scores of theoretical knowledge and clinical skills in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of thinking ability, clinical practice ability, scientific research ability, innovation ability and doctor-patient communication ability between the two groups before the training ( P>0.05). However, after the training, the above abilities were all improved ( P<0.05), and the scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05). The satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group in improving cognitive speed, improving understanding, enhancing memory, improving problem analysis, stimulating learning interest, improving classroom participation, knowledge expansion, cultivating critical thinking, improving overall clinical thinking, and improving clinical work proficiency ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The application of multimedia interactive teaching mode in standardized residency training of geriatrics can improve the theoretical knowledge and clinical skills examination results of residents, enhance their comprehensive ability, and improve their satisfaction with the training mode.

This article introduces the development history of palliative medicine at home and abroad, investigates the existing problems of palliative medicine teaching in geriatrics, explores the improvement of geriatric palliative medicine education, and elaborates adopting theoretical teaching and clinical practice, including PBL teaching, case teaching and narrative medicine teaching, to carry out palliative medical education for geriatrics graduate students. The results showed that 67.9% of the students have increased the learning sense of palliative medicine, 92.5% of them think that palliative medicine is very important, and 75% of them think that they have enhanced their ability of language expression and communication with patients with advanced diseases, namely, the ability of end-of-life care.

The human gut is populated by a complex community of microbiota that coexists with the host to maintain homeostasis.Macrogenomic and metabonomics analysis shows that the imbalance in gut microbiota composition and diversity, some bacterial components, metabolites and the signaling pathways mediated by them are involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases, especially in the elderly.Intestinal microorganisms are one of the important factors affecting age-related diseases and can provide insights on treatment strategies for the elderly.This review focuses on the composition of the intestinal microbiota, interaction between the microbiota and the host, features of the gut microbiota in common geriatric diseases and pathogenic mechanisms.