Objective To evaluate the effect of antler polypeptides from Cervus elaphus yarkandensis on MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods The concentration of antler polypeptides of Cervus elaphus yarkandensis was measured by BCA protein assay kit. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured and analyzed by BCIP/NBT chromogenic alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining kit. After being induced to form mineralized knot, the cells were stained by using Alizarin red staining. Three different concentrations (10, 1.0, 0.1 μg/mL) of antler polypeptides were analyzed by MTT method and micronutrients enzymes standard method to determine the effect of cell proliferation and ALP synthesis. Results The concentration of antler polypeptides was 0.07 mg/mL. The results of in vitro cell activity analysis showed that the positive rate of ALP was 90%and the mineralization knot was stained red. Compared with the control group, the different concentrations of antler polypeptides all showed the function of cell proliferation and the effect was dose-dependent after 3 d and 7 d. Compared with the control group, at the 3 d, three groups of antler polypeptides promoted synthesis and secretion of ALP (P<0.01) and the results showed a dose-dependent effect. Conclusion Antler polypeptides could obviously promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and secretion of ALP, which indicated that antler polypeptides have certain effect on osteoporosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of sodium citrate on the efficacy of oral midazolam premedication in children with congenital heart disease. Methods Forty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ children, aged 2-6 yr, weighing 12-20 kg, undergoing cardiac surgery, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20 each): control group (gronp C) and sodium citrate group (group S). Group S received oral mixture of midazolam 0.12 ml/kg (0.6 my/kg), ketamine 0.12 ml/kg (6 my/kg), glucose 0.12 ml/kg (60 mg/kg) and sodium citrate 0.12 ml/kg (3 mg/kg), total volume 0.48 ml/kg. Group C received oral mixture of midazolam 0.12 ml/kg, ketamine 0.12 ml/kg and glucose 0.24 ml/kg, total volume 0.48 ml/kg. Hydrochloric acid (pH value 1.75) was mixed with the mixtures in the two groups and pH values were measured. Preoperative anxiety scale and the onset time,sedation score and parental separation score after receiving oral drugs were recorded in preparation room for anesthesia. After entering the operating room, HR, MAP and SpO2 were monitored, and the response to venepuncture in children and the adverse effects associated with oral drugs were also observed and recorded. Results The pH value was 1.97 in group C and 4.52 in group S. The parental separation score, sedation score and response score were significantly lower and the onset time was significantly shorter in group S than in group C. HR, MAP and SpO2 were in the normal range after entering the operating room. There was no obvious adverse effect after administration of oral drugs in the two groups. Conclusion Application of sodium citrate in the oral premedication in children with congenital heart disease can raise the pH value, shorten the onset time of midazolam, and enhance the sedative efficacy.

A registered dietitian credential is generally accepted and recognized as the most authoritative certificate of eligibility for American dietitians.In this article we describe in detail the American Registered Dieti-tian (RD) training system,administered by the Commission on Accreditation for Dietetics Education (CADE) and the Commission on Dietetic Registration (CDR) of the American Dietetic Association (ADA).Taking the Division of Nutritional Sciences of Cornell University as a good example of the RD training unit,we describe the Cornell Un-dergraduate Didactic Program in Dietetics and Dietetic Internship.Career opportunities and job outlook for Ameri-can registered dietitians are also presented.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the nutritional status of dietary calcium intake in school-age children in Shanghai and to analyze the relationship between dietary calcium and bone mineral density (BMD).Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the second and third grade students of 10 primary schools in Yangpu District and Baoshan District in Shanghai. Food frequency questionnaire was used tu estimate the relative intake of dietary calcium of students in 6 primary schools in Baoshnn District. Quantitative ultrasound bone density examination was used to estimate the calcaneal BMD.The relation-ship between calcium intake and BMD was analyzed.Results The average calcium intake was 647 mg/d among ested students.BMD was not significantly different among different age groups (F=1.595,P=0.173),while Z-score was significantly different among different age groups (F=16.02,P=0.000).The total calcium intake was not correlated with BMD or Z-score.The percentage of dairy calcium intake was positively correlated with BMD (r=0.097,P=0.015)and Z-score (r=O.117,P=0.003),the percentage of non-dairy calcium intake and the non-dairy calcium intake were negatively correlated with BMD (r=-0.097,P=0.015) and Z-score(r=-0.110,P=0.006).When the total dietary calcium intake was ≥600 mg/d,BMD and Z-score significantly higherin students with high dairy calcium intake than those with low dairy calcium intake (P<0.05).When the total dietary calcium intake was <600mg/d,BMD and Z-score were higher in students with high dairy calcium in-take than in those with low dairy calcium intake,although no statistical significance was noted (P>0.05).Conclusions BMD and Z-score increase along with the increase of dairy calcium intake.Such effect becomes even more obvious when the total dietary calcium intake is ≥600 mg/d.

Objective To analyze the fungal distribution and drug sensitivity analysis in 113 cases of lesion secretions .Methods Identification of fungi and drug sensitive test were done in 113 cases of lesion secretions .Results Among the 113 cases of lesion se-cretions ,there were Candida albicans 75 cases(66 .4% ) ,Candida dublin 29 cases(26 .7% ) ,Candida parapsilosis 6 cases(5 .3% ) , Candida krusei 3 cases(2 .7% ) .For Candida albicans ,the drug sensitive rates of 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B were 94 .7%and 97 .3% respectively .For Candida dublin ,the drug sensitive rate of amphotericin B was 93 .1% .For Candida parapsilosis ,the drug sensitive rates of voriconazole and amphotericin B were both 83 .3% .For Candida krusei ,the drug sensitive rates of 5-fluoro-cytosine and amphotericin B were both 100 .0% .Conclusion Strengthening the fungal distribution and drug sensitivity analysis be-fore treatment in fungal lesion secretions may provide direction for the clinical treatments .

Based on the point of view that the human body is an organic whole and the fact that virus and body is a unity of contradiction,the interaction mechanism of virus and immunity in the research of the anti-HIV/AIDS Chinese materia medica is discussed.On the one hand,it can widen our thinking to find new target of anti-virus drugs.On the other hand,it can also provide scientific support for understanding the complex mechanics of the anti-HIV/AIDS Chinese materia medica.

Objective To investigate the risk of permanent hair dye use for connective tissue disease ( CTD ) with positive antinuclear antibodies ( ANA ).Methods We conducted a population-based case-control study to analyze 440 CTD patients from the department of our hospital.Four hundreds and forty patients' relatives or friends who were free from any CTD were selected as controls.Patients and controls were matched in sex and age.A face-to-face interview was adopted to finish questionnaires about subjects' demographic data and the use of permanent hair dye.Data about the duration,frequency,times of usage and allergy related to hair dye were collected.Medical history was also reviewed,such as the diagnosis,disease course,primary symptoms,serum tests and organ involvements.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 17.0 software using x2 test and Logistic regression.Results The association between the use of permanent hair dye and CTD did not reach statistical significance (OR=1.282,95％CI 0.966-1.700,P=0.085 ),when the relationship of hair dye use with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was tested,the same result (OR=1.092,95％CI 0.795-1.500,P=0.587 ) could be revealed.Conclusion This preliminary study has shown that the use of permanent hair dye couldn't induce the occurrence of CTD.

AIM: To explore the effects of angiotensin II on aortic calcification in the rat. METHODS: Arterial calcification of Sprague-Dawley rats was induced by vitamin D_3 plus nicotine. Calcification was confirmed by Von Kossa staining, measurement of calcium content, [~(45)Ca~(2+)] accumulation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of vascular tissue. RESULTS: The results showed that calcium content, [~(45)Ca~(2+)] accumulation and ALP activity in calcified arteries increased significantly compared with those of control. Ang Ⅱ levels in plasma and aortic tissues and the amount of angiotensinogen mRNA in calcified aorta were also increased as compared with control. Captopril (inhibitor of ACE) and losartan (Ang Ⅱ receptor inhibitor) decreased significantly the content of calcium, [~(45)Ca~(2+)] uptake and ALP activity in calcified aorta. Ang Ⅱ levels in plasma and aortic tissues and the amount of angiotensinogen mRNA in aortic tissue were down-regulated by captopril. The amount of angiotensinogen mRNA and the content of Ang Ⅱ in the calcified aorta were also decreased by losartan. CONCLUSION: The captopril and losartan significantly alleviate the vascular calcification. [

Objective To investigate the value and the enhanced mode of time-intensity curve(TIC)combined with gamma curve of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods The ultrasonic contrast images of 34 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma by the gamma curve were obtained by the time before,increased branch slope parameter, curve sharpness, gamma modulus, peak time,peak intensity, the average pre-peak intensity, increased branch slope and pre-peak area.Results Compared with the peripheral hepatic parenchyma, the curve of the tumor tissue ascended as well as declined more rapidly, peaked earlier with a more intensive peak value.There were significant differences between the two groups in all the data mentioned-above (P＜0.05 ).Conclusions TIC and gamma fit quantitative analysis can reflect the different perfusion characteristics between hepatocellular carcinoma and normal hepatic parenchyma objectively and accurately,so as to provide the quantitative criterion and basis for the diagnosis and hemodynamic study of the hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:In chronic congestive heart failure (CHF),both protein expression and activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a) are decreased, which results in abnormal regulation of calcium ion and systole and diastole dysfunction.OBJECTIVE:To observe the short-and middle-term therapeutic effects of adeno-associated viral gene transfer of SERCA2a in treatment of CHF in rats,and to investigate the possible mechanisms.DESIGN:Randomized-controlled design.SETTING:Department of Geriatric Cardiology and Department of Pathophysiology,General Hospital of Chinese PLA.METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawiey rats,were randomized into 4 groups:sham-operation group,CHF group,CHF+ green fluorescent protein (GFP) group and CHF+SERCA2a group. Gene transfer 10 and 30 days two time points were set in each group.CHF rat models were established by coarctation of abdominal aorta.At postoperative 18 to 20 weeks,the successful rats in CHF group were intraperitoneally injected with 500 μL aseptic normal saline,and those in the CHF+ GFP group and CHF+ SERCA2a group were injected with the same dose of Adeno-associated viral gene with GFP and SERCA2a gene respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①At 10 and 30 days after gene transfer,hemodynamic parameters,the SERCA2a protein expression was analyzed by Western Blot,and SERCA2a activity was carded out by modified Jones method.②The difference of proteome of hearts was detected by expression proteomics in between CHF+ SERCA2a group and CHF group at 30 days.③Electrophoretic separation and quantitation of cardiac myosin heavy chain(MHC) isoforrns were done at 30 days.RESULTS: ①In CHF group and CHF+GFP group, SERCA2a expression and activity were lower than those in sham-operation group.At 10 days after gene transfer.SERCA2a expression was increased by 80.7%and still lower than that of sham-operation group,and activity was also increased by 89.9%,but still lower than that of sham-operation group.And at 30 days,the SERCA2a protein expression and activity in the CHF+SERCA2a group reached to levels of sham-operation group. ②At day 10,LVSP and LV +dp/dtmax and LV-dp/dtmax were increased and LVEDP was decreased dramatically,but they still did not reach to the levels of sham-operation group.At day 30,the parameters were normalized back to control levels.There were no significant differences in each index between CHF+SERCA2a group and sham-operation group.③Overexpression of SERCA2a increased some energy metabolic enzymes of hearts at 30 days.④There were a downregulation of α-MHC and an upregulation of 3-MHC in failing hearts.Overexpression of SERCA2a increased the expression of α-MHC and decreased the expression of β-MHC to the levels of sham-operation group at 30 days.CONCLUSION: Adeno-associated viral gene transfer of SERCA2a can enhance SERCA2a functions, maintain calcium homeostasis,improve cardiac energy metabolism,and normalize the expression of MHC isoforms in CHF rats.As a result,the heart functions can be improved. So adeno-associated viral gene transfer of SERCA2a has good therapy effects on CHF rats in short and relatively long periods.