Voluntary control of saccadic eye movements is a kind of saccades controlled by conscious and always used to investigate the brain areas related to saccades and ability of response inhibition and work memory.Researching the neural mechanisms of voluntary control of saccadic eye movements could provide a basis to study the advanced cognitive function of brain and facilitate to explore basic neural mechanisms of abnormal saccadic in brain disorders.As neuroimaging technologies develops,intensive studies about the neural mechanisms of voluntary control of saccadic eye movements have been made great progress.It is showed that several brain areas such as prefrontal cortex,subcortical areas and parietal cortex mainly in participate.These multiple brain regions are involved in voluntary control of saccadic eye movements at different stages.Antisaccades and memory-guided saccades including different brain regions because of their different characteristics of saccadic.The future direction of the research is to combine study with neural imaging technology,and to study more about the brain regions and their functional connectivity involved in voluntary control of saccadic eye movements.

The human fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene is a tumor suppressor gene,which is located at chromosome region 3p14.2.The fragile site FRA3B of the FHIT gene is the most unstable site.FHIT can promote apoptosis,and inhibit cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.High methylation status,loss of the various sections of the FHIT gene,changes of the fragile site FRA3B and abnormalities of FHIT transcripts can result in gene afunction,and then promote the development and progression of various types of cancers.Transfecting wild-type FHIT into tumor cells with low or lacking endogenous FHIT expression can induce apoptosis.The combined treatment with other genes may provide a new insight for the treatment of tumors.

As a member of homeobox gene family,HOXC is expressed in many organs and can regulate gene expression,cell differentiation and morphogenesis.Abnormality of its function is closely related to the prognosis of leukemia,breast cancer,renal cell carcinoma,prostate cancer and so on.

Objective To understand the job burnout conditions of nurses with different education levels in Ningyang county,analyze the influence of education level on job burnout,in order to find strategies to relieve the job burnout,reduce burnout,increase working enthusiasm,then further lower nurse turnover rate and stabilize of the nurse team.Methods A total of 150 nurses in the first hospital of Ningyang county participated in the investigation using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) in December 2012.The survey data underwent statistical analysis.Results The results show that in the dimension of emotional exhaustion,education level showed main effect.While in the dimension of depersonalization and personal accomplishment,the education level showed no main effect.Conclusions Education levels have a significant impact on job burnout of nurses,mainly in the emotional exhaustion dimension.Hospital managers should pay attention to job burnout of nurses with college degree,reduce their occupational burnout through positive changes in personal and organizational factors.

Objective To investigate the effects of Acanthopanax Senticosus Injection (ASI) on free radical metabolism and apoptosis in the hepatic tissue after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods A total of 100 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: a sham operation group, a model group, and groups of high-, medium- and low-dose ASI, 20 rats in each group. Seven days before modeling, the drugs had been given by intraperitoneal injection. The rats in the high-, medium- and low-dose groups were given ASI 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg, respectively, and the rats in the sham operation and model groups were given equivalent volume of normal saline. A rat model of hepatic ischemia reperfusion was induced by partial hepatic pedicle clamping followed by reperfusion. 2 h after reperfusion, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, GST and the MDA level in the hepatic tissue were determined; the activities of ALT and AST in serum were also determined; the histopathological changes and hepatocyte apoptosis were observed using the HE staining and the TUNEL staining, respectively.Results In comparison with the model group, the activities of SOD (11.16 ± 2.31 U/mg, 10.63 ± 1.92 U/mgvs.7.34 ± 1.78 U/mg;P<0.01 orP<0.05), GSH-Px (15.48 ± 2..91 U/mg, 13.23 ± 1.87 U/mgvs. 10.35 ± 2.04 U/mg;P<0.01 orP<0.05), GST(1.76 ± 0.25 U/mg, 1.55 ± 0.22 U/mgvs.0.94 ± 0.18 U/mg;P<0.01 orP<0.05) in the hepatic tissue in the ASI high- and medium-dose groups were significantly increased; and the MDA level in the hepatic tissue significantly decreased (4.67 ± 1.24 nmol/mg, 4.93 ± 1.53 nmol/mgvs.10.29 ± 2.41 nmol/mg); the serum levels of ALT(671.82 ± 338.37 U/L, 803.91 ± 441.63 U/Lvs.1 416.22 ± 538.94 U/L;P<0.01 orP<0.05), AST(329.02 ± 161.88 U/L, 417.26 ± 182.37 U/Lvs.751.93 ± 262.75 U/L;P<0.01 or P<0.05) were significantly decreased; the histopathological changes and hepatocyte apoptosis in the ASI high-, medium - and low-dose groups were significantly reduced.Conclusions ASI could effectively attenuate oxidative stress in the, improve the histopathological changes, inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis, and protect against hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of interactive effects of magnetic field of two intensities combined with high-temperature and noise simulating ship environment. Methods Orthogonal trial design of three factors and two levels and variance analysis method were employed. The rabbits and rats were grouped into eight combined exposure groups and eight controls, respectively, according to orthogonal table L_8 (2~7). Animals in all groups underwent the experiments and the indices were determined at the same time. Results Analysis of the radius of capillary vessels on rabbit's conjunctiva and HSP70 of rat's liver and spleen showed that magnetic field was the dominant factor (P

Objective:To explore the influence factors and the characters of infant-mother attachment in Guangdong.Methods:“strange situation"essay was used to assess the characters of infant-mother attachment in 75 infants of 8 to 14 months.An self-formulated questionnaire of infants'general status and family related factors were filled by their mothers.Results:(1)Among 75 infants,65.3% were secure-type,34.6% were insecure-type which included 17.3% of indifferent-type, 13.3% of importunate-type,and 4.0% of disorganized-type;(2)The influence factors were age,approachability,relations between infants and fosterers, and the attitude consistency among family members towards infants.Conclusion:Of this investigation, most infants were secure-type.There were some influence factors involved in the characters of infant-mother attachment.

Objective: Evaluation the clinical characteristics of Chinese reading disorder children.Methods:Use WSIC-CR, PRS and the questionnaire for parents on children's reading and writing abilities to investigate and evaluate 17 Chinese children with SRD (specific reading disorder) and 32 normal children.Results:The VIQ、FIQ、VC、M/C of Chinese SRD children scored in WISC-CR were lower than normal children(98.3?13.5/111.7?13.7,97.1?14.5/110.2?14.3,40.4?9.2/47.6?7.7,25.9?6.3/32.0?7.3,OR=0.88~0.94,P

Objective: To explore the eye-movement characters and the visual cognitive processing traits of Chinese children with reading disorder (RD) during apperceiving pictures. Methods: 14 children with reading disorder and 14 normal controls were collected. Their eye-movements during apperceiving pictures were recorded with Eye-link II High-Speed Tracker. Results:The only significant difference between the two groups existed in the score of average saccade amplitude for picture 3 (RD children scored less 3.79?0.69/ 4.86?1.67,t=-2.29,P0.05).Conclusions:The remember and process capability to the pictures are not the main characters of the Chinese RD children. If the background of picture is complicated, the attention span of children suffered RD will be more limited, and their fixation efficiency will be depressed.

Objective:To explore the eye-movement characteristics and the visual cognitive processing traits of Chinese children with reading disorder (RD) during reading articles in order to offer reference for measures designed for diagnosis and therapy.Methods: Recorded the series data of eye-movement with Eye-link Ⅱ when the children read articles, and analyzed relevant parameter of eye-movement.Essay one is a narrative article chosen from the textbook of the second grade, whose content is simple and there are subject sentences.Essay two is a narrative article chosen from the Neuropsychology, which is an article used to test optic aphasia patient, and the essay has no subject sentence.Results: ①Results of reading comprehend: For the RD children, the reading score of the first narrative article was lower than that in the normal control group (2.2?1.1/2.9?0.5,t=-2.2,P0.05).For the RD children, the reading time of the two articles was longer than that in normal control group (for article one: 119.3?44.1/63.4?20.4, t=4.3,P