Objective To provide a scientific basis for prevention of Keshan disease by observing the changes of electrocardiogram in residents from Keshan disease area and urban residents in Ju County.Method In 2013,four countries (towns) of Sangyuan,Anzhuang,Qishan and Longshan were selected as the investigation sites across the Keshan disease areas in Ju County of Shandong Province,one village was selected in each country (town),no less than 200 people were chosen from each village.There were 36 residential communities in urban area in Ju County,one residential community was selected from 4 positions (east,west,south and north) in urban area,no less than 200 non-endemic urban residents were chosen from each residential community as control,the electrocardiogram examination was conducted.According to the Keshan Disease Diagnostic Standard (WS/T 210-2011),Keshan disease was diagnosed.Results Among the 964 inhabitants investigated in Keshan disease area,143 cases showed abnormal electrocardiogram and the detection rate was 14.83％;in the 926 cases of urban electrocardiogram,78 cases showed abnormal electrocardiogram,abnormal rate was 8.42％,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =18.80,P ＜ 0.01).There were 93 cases who met the 8 Keshan disease diagnostic criteria of abnormal electrocardiogram changes in the Keshan disease areas,abnormal rate was 9.65％;while there were 37 cases in urban residents,abnormal rate was 4.00％,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =23.55,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion These residents who have lived in Keshan disease endemic areas have a higher rate of abnormal electrocardiogram in Ju County of Shandong Province,they are still threatened by the causative factors of Keshan disease,and the authority should strengthen the prevention measures of Keshan disease.

OBJECTIVE:To preparation Ru'an mixture,and establish its quality standard and observe its therapeutic efficacy.METHODS:Ru'an mixture was prepared with Radix Bupleuri and Ramulus Cinnamomi and Radix Angelicae Sinensis as raw material.Radix Bupleuri,Radix Paeoniae Alba,and Radix Angelicae Sinensis were identified by TLC and the content of Tanshinol was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The TLC spots of Radix Bupleuri,Radix Paeoniae Alba,and Radix Angelicae Sinensis were all clear.The linear range of Tanshinol was 0.203～2.030?g(r=0.999 8).The total effect rate in Ru' CONCLUSION:Ru'an mixture is reasonable in preparation technique,controllable in quality.

Objective: To observe the inlfuence of simvastatin combining ezetimibe on blood levels of glucose and lipids in patients of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
Methods: A total of 316 patients with ACS and IGT were randomly divided into 2 groups: Treatment group, the patients received simvastatin 20 mg/day with ezetimibe 10 mg/day,n=160 and Control group, the patients received simvastatin 20 mg/day,n=156. All patients were treated for 24 months. Blood levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were observed at 6, 12 and 24 months of medication; fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the number of patients with new onset diabetes were examined at 6 days and 12, 24 months of medication.
Results:①In Treatment group, at 6 months of medication, blood levels of TC (mmol/L) and LDL-C (mmol/L) were (3.5 ± 0.5) and (2.1 ± 0.4) which were both lower than baseline levels (5.2±1.2) and (3.5±0.5),P<0.05; at 12 and 24 months, TC and LDL-C were (3.1 ± 1.0), (1.8 ± 0.6) and (3.0 ± 0.6), (1.8 ± 0.5), TC and LDL-C were consistently decreased, all P<0.05. In Control group, at 6 months of medication, TC and LDL-C were (4.0 ± 0.5) and (2.4 ± 0.5) which were both lower than baseline levels (5.3 ± 0.8) and (3.1 ± 0.4),P<0.05; at 12 and 24 months, TC and LDL-C were (3.8 ± 0.6), (2.3 ± 0.6) and (3.7 ± 0.5), (2.1 ± 0.7), allP<0.05. TC and LDL-C levels in Treatment group were lower than Control group at 6, 12 and 24 months of medication, allP<0.05.②In Treatment group, FBG (mmol/L) levels at 12 and 24 months were similar to 6 days,P>0.05; HbA1c at 12 and 24 months were similar to baseline,P>0.05; 2hPG (mmol/L) level at 24 months was higher than 6 days (9.5 ± 1.1) vs (8.7 ± 1.0),P<0.05; there were 26 patients with new onset diabetes at 24 months after medication. In Control group, 2hPG level at 24 months was higher than 6 days (9.6 ± 0.8) vs (8.7±0.7); there were 25 patients with new onset diabetes at 24 months after medication. The levels of FBG, 2hPG, HbA1c and the number of patients with new onset diabetes were similar between 2 groups, allP>0.05.
Conclusion: Ezetimibe combining simvastatin may better reduce blood lipids, while it had no real effect on blood glucose metabolism in patients with ACS and IGT.

Objective In order to know the effect of rehabilitation of pelvic organs by pelvic floor muscle training and electrical stimulation. Methods Divided 330 pregnant women into the integrated group(120 cases),the experimental group(100 cases) and the control group(100 cases) randomly. Rou-tine nursing cares was used in the control group, pelvic floor muscle training and electrical stimulation were used in the integrated group in addition, pelvic floor muscle training was used in the experimental group. Evaluated the rehabilitation condition of pelvic organs in the 42nd day after delivery among the three groups. Results All the indexes which can indicated the rehabilitation condition of pelvic or-gans in the integrated group and the experimental group were significant better than those of in the con-trol group, while there was no significant differences about the above indexes between the integrated group and the experimental group. Conclusions Pelvic floor muscle training combined with electrical stimulation can effective promote the rehabilitation of function of pelvic organs, and then prevent the in-cidence of related diseases.

Objective To determine the association of-429T/C and G1704T polymorphisms in the receptor for advanced glycation end products gene with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods Case-control study.From the Beijing Desheng Diabetic Eye Study cohort of 1467 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),a total of 97 patients with PDR and 105 diabetic patients without retinopathy (DWR,duration of diabetes 15 years) were included for this study.Questionnaires were collected and general ophthalmologic examinations were performed.Biochemical analysis was conducted.DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood.The-429T/C and G1704T single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected by the means of PCR-restrication fragment length polymorphisms.Results The frequency distribution of-429T/C in DWR group was 81.0％ in TT,16.1％ in TC,2.9％ in CC.The frequency distribution of-429T/C in PDR group was 77.3％ in TT,20.6％ in TC,2.1％ in CC.There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups (x2 =0.40,P＞0.05).Frequency of the-429T/C minor allele C in the DWR and PDR group were 11.0％ and 12.4％,respectively,with no significant statistical difference between the two groups (x2 =0.20,P＞0.05).The frequency distribution of G1704T in DWR group was 66.7％ in GG,29.5％ in GT,3.8％ in TT.The frequency distribution of G1704T in PDR group was 78.4％ in GG,21.6％ in GT.There was no significant statistical difference between the two groups (x2 =3.44,P＞0.05).Frequency of the G1704T minor allele T in the DWR and PDR group were 18.6 ％ and 10.8 ％,respectively,in which significant difference was found within the two groups (x2 =4.79,OR=1.88,95％CI:1.06-3.33,P＜0.05).Conclusions G1704T polymorphism is associated with PDR presence and 1704G allele may increase the risk of PDR.

Objective To study the effect of diosgenin(Dio) from Dioscorea nipponica on the proliferation in mouse spleen T lymphocytes and expressions of IL-2 and IFN-γmRNA,in order to investigate the immunity regulatory mechanism of Dio.Methods T lymphocytes stimulated by different concentrations of Dio and concanavalin A(ConA) were co-cultured.CCK-8 was used to detect the Dio effects on T lymphocyte proliferation.The RT-PCR method was adopted to detect the effect of Dio on expression of IL-2 and IFN-γmRNA.Results The Dio concentration in the range of 0.937 5-15.000 0 μg/mL had the inhibiting effect on T lymphocyte proliferation,Dio concentration in the range of 3.750 0-15.000 0μg/mL had the inhibiting effect on IFN-γ and IL-2 expression in T lymphocytes.With the Dio concentration increase,the inhibition effect was enhanced(P＜0.05).7.500 0 μg/mL was the best inhibition concentration.The inhibition effect was decreased when the concentration exceeding 7.500 0 μg/mL.Conclusion Dio has the inhibiting effect on T lymphocyte proliferation and expressions of IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio (GPR) in diagnosis of liver inflammation grade in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). MethodsA total of 545 patients with CHB who underwent percutaneous liver biopsy and routine laboratory examinations during hospitalization in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University from October 2016 to October 2019 were enrolled. Inflammation grade (G) was determined according to the Scheuer scoring system, and APRI, FIB-4, and GPR were calculated based on related clinical indicators. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. A Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between two variables. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the three serum noninvasive diagnostic models in determining liver inflammation grade, and the Delong test was used for comparison of the area under the ROC curve (AUC). ResultsAmong the 545 patients, 224 had grade G0-1 liver inflammation, 209 had grade G2 liver inflammation, and 112 had grade G3 liver inflammation. The Spearman correlation analysis showed that APRI, FIB-4, and GPR were positively correlated with liver inflammation grade (r=0.611, 0.470, and 0.563, all P＜0.001). APRI, FIB-4, and GPR had an AUC of 0.820, 0.719, and 0782, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥2 liver inflammation, with optimal cut-off values of 0.53, 1.48, and 0.20, respectively; for the diagnosis of G≥2 liver inflammation, GPR had a better performance than FIB-4 (P=0.01) and a slightly lower performance than APRI (P=0.048). The stratified analysis based on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level showed that in the ≤1×upper limit of normal (ULN) group, the (1-2)×ULN group, and the (2-5)×ULN group, APRI had an AUC of 0.847, 0.786, and 0.724, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥2 liver inflammation, FIB-4 had an AUC of 0.777, 0.729, and 0.626, respectively, and GPR had an AUC of 0.801, 0.781, and 0.607, respectively; the subgroup analysis showed that GPR had a similar diagnostic performance to APRI and FIB-4 in all ALT stratification groups except the (2-5)×ULN group, in which GPR had a lower diagnostic performance than APRI (P=0.042). APRI, FIB-4, and GPR had an AUC of 0.791, 0.725, and 0.801, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥3 liver inflammation, with optimal cut-off values of 0.66, 1.49, and 0.25, respectively; in the diagnosis of G≥3 liver inflammation, GPR had a similar diagnostic performance to APRI and a better diagnostic performance than FIB-4 (P=0.006). The stratified analysis based on ALT level showed that in the ≤1×ULN group, the (1-2)×ULN group, and the (2-5)×ULN group, APRI had an AUC of 0.900, 0.742, and 0.693, respectively, in the diagnosis of G≥3 liver inflammation, FIB-4 had an AUC of 0.874, 0.683, and 0.644, respectively, and GPR had an AUC of 0.890, 0.805, and 0.668, respectively. The subgroup analysis showed that GPR had a similar diagnostic performance to APRI and FIB-4 in all ALT stratification groups except the (1-2)×ULN group, in which GPR had a better diagnostic performance than FIB-4(P=0.015). ConclusionAPRI, FIB-4, and GPR may accurately diagnose liver inflammation grade in CHB patients, which helps to monitor the progression of CHB and determine the timing of antiviral therapy.

Objective: To discuss the misdiagnosis of pyriform sinus fistula and to better understand this kind of illness. Methods: The analysis was based on twenty-eight patients with congenital pyriform sinus fistula aged from 11 months to 14 years, with the median age of 5 years, and who were surgically treated from January 2013 to January 2017 in Kunming Children′s Hospital.Twenty patients were misdiagnosed in other hospital.After the routine examination of neck ultrasound and enhanced CT, internal fistula was found by self-retaining laryngoscope, traced by methylene blue, and excised by high ligation. Results: Twenty patients were misdiagnosed.The misdiagnosis time ranged from 6 months to 3 years.Under self-retaining laryngoscope, piriform fossa fistula were found in all patients.Nineteen fistula were found in the left and 1 in the right.The fistula in patients was unilateral.Seven cases were misdiagnosed as suppurative lymphadensitis, undergone abscess incisional drainage many times.Three cases were misdiagnosed as thyroglossal duct cyst and performed excision of thyroglossal duct cyst.One case was treated by extended Sistruck operation again because the doctor considered that excision of middle segment of hyoid bone was not enough and the fistula was not ligated completely.One case was misdiagnosed as second branchial cleft fistula on the right side of the neck.Nine cases were misdiagnosed as hyroid-associated diseases including 2 cases suppurative thyroiditis, 2 cases subacute thyroiditis and 5 cases thyroid neoplasms.Among them, 2 cases underwent partial thyroidectomy.All the patients were treated with high ligation of fistula under general anesthesia.The operation was smooth, and no hoarseness, bucking and pharyngeal fistula occurred after the operation.Postoperative follow-up time ranged from 12 months to 4 years and the median follow-up was 18 months without recurrence.The diagnosis was confirmed pathologically. Conclusions Pyriform sinus fistula in children was uncommon and easily misdiagnosed in clinic.The majority of physician including some otolaryngologists were lack of understanding of the disease.It should be regarded as one of the important differential diagnosis of neck mass in children.Children with recurrent left neck infection and/or abscess should be highly suspected.Self-retaining laryngoscopic examination can make a definite diagnosis and high ligation of the fistula through the external neck approach can achieve good therapeutic effect.