The low butanol concentration of acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation causes uneconomical product recovery. In this work, the effect of small molecule non-ionic surfactants on butanol fermentation was evaluated, using laboratory stocks of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Non-ionic surfactants substantially increased butanol production when additive amount was higher than 1% (W/W). Butanol concentration reached 16.9 g/L with 5% (W/W) Tween 80 and 100 g/L glucose in a 5 L fermenter. It was found that surfactants micelle solubilization capacity to butanol was very limited, indicating that butanol could hardly enter the surfactants micelle. Butanol production improvement was probably caused by cell surface hydrophobicity change due to surfactants adsorption.
Acetone ; chemistry ; Bioreactors ; Butanols ; chemistry ; Clostridium acetobutylicum ; metabolism ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Fermentation ; Surface-Active Agents ; chemistry

Grid management plays an important role in improving the efficiency of social service management. The authors explored the establishment of a nosocomial infection grid management model and implemented it at a tertiary general hospital in Shanghai. χ2 test results showed that since the hospital fully implemented the grid management model in early 2016, the number of hospital infections, surgical site infections, type I surgical incision infections, and ventilator-related pneumonia had shown a downward trend year by year. The number of inspections before the use of antibacterial drugs, the number of blood cultures submitted for fever patients, and the timing of hand hygiene compliance showed an increasing trend year by year( P<0.05), and the management of nosocomial infection was more effective than the previous period. The application of grid management model required establishment of grid organization structure, control of key links, implementation of the special personnel responsibility, formulation of a performance evaluation system, and implementation of incentive measures. The grid management model can significantly reduce the risk of hospital infection, improve the efficiency of hospital infection management, and was valuable to be applicated and promoted in medical institutions.

OBJECTIVEA novel Eu-PB composite mercury film electrode (GC/Eu-PB/MFE) based on chemical modified was developed for the determination of baicalin and the investigation of its the electrochemical behavior.

METHODCyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used.

RESULTThe adsorption characteristic of baicalin was observed in Britton-Robinson buffer solution (pH 6.0) at GC/Eu-PB/MFE. The reduction peak of baicalin was observed at -1.22 V (vs SCE) and peak current was linear to the baicalin from 8.0 x 10(-9) to 1.0 x 10(-6) mol x L(-1) (r = 0.9992, n=8). The limit of detection was 1.2 x 10(-9) mol x L(-1) (S/N = 3). The average recovery was 99.83%, with RSD of 2.3% (n=8). The baicalin in Shuanghuanglian oral can be directly determined without pretreatment.

CONCLUSIONThe GC/Eu-PB/MFE was used to determine baicalin in Shuanghuanglian oral with good repeatability and high sensitivity. The method can be used for the quality control of Chinese traditional medicines containing Scutellaria baicalensis.

Adsorption ; Dosage Forms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Electrochemistry ; instrumentation ; methods ; Electrodes ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Mercury ; chemistry ; Scutellaria ; chemistry

Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is a common surgery for carotid artery stenosis at present. However, hemodynamic depression easily occurs during and after CAS, and then increases the risk of complications such as stroke, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction as well as cardiac arrest. This paper reviewed the epidemiological features, influencing factors, correlation with postoperative complication of hemodynamic depression during CAS and intraoperative management for CAS related hemodynamic depression so as to provide a basis for the coordination efficiency of nurses during interventional operation.

Objective? To calculate the manpower of nurses in the clinical positions in Interventional Operating Room in a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital, and to provide reference for appropriate allocation of human resources of nurses in Interventional Operating Room. Methods? From January to December 2017, "Hospital Nurse Management Regulations" and "Interventional Operating Room Nurse Job Description" in Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Beijing were interpreted, and combined with on-site investigation and expert meeting, the list of nursing work items and the working hours record table for nurses in clinical positions in Interventional Operating Room were designed; the observation method and the hospital information system extraction method were used to measure the total working hours of the Interventional Operating Room nursing project, and the number of nurses required in the Operating Room was calculated. Results? Totally 9 nurses for clinical positions were required for the Interventional Operating Room, including 8 angiographic nurses and 1 assistant nurse. Conclusions? A total of 9 clinical nurses were needed in 4 operating units of the Interventional Operating Room. The ratio of operating units number to nurses number was close to 1:2.5.

Objective:To explore the correlation between post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),resilience and quality of life of front-line medical staff in public health emergencies.Methods:From Nov to Dec 2020,the medical staff of 4 COVID-19 designated hospitals in Wuhan were investigated with the general demographic questionnaire,10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and Simplify Qualify of Life Scale.Spearman correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used to investigate the correlation between PTSD,resilience and quality of life.Results:A total of 545 questionnaires were collected in this survey and the valid effective rate was 97.8% (533/545).The score of psychological resilience,PTSD and quality of life of medical staff were 26(20,30),17(8,25),and 20(18,23),respectively.And 13.1% (70/533)of medical staff had obvious PTSD symptoms.There were significant differences in the score of quality of life among medical staff with different genders,occupations and PTSD levels.Spearman correlation analysis results showed that the score of PTSD was negatively correlated with quality of life and psychological resilience(r=-0.488 and-0.464,P＜0.01).The score of psychological resilience was positively correlated with the score of quality of life(r =0.578,P＜0.01).Psychological resilience and PTSD were important predictors of quality of life,with an explanatory capacity of 37.0% .Conclusions:PTSD is a risk factor for quality of life,and psychological resilience is a protective factor for quality of life.In public health emergencies,improving psychological resilience,preventing and treating PTSD can improve the quality of life of medical staff.

Objective? To explore the effects of ICU head nurse's leadership style on nurse's professional identity. Methods Totally 112 nurses from 9 ICUs of a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Beijing were selected using convenient sampling in September 2018 and investigated with Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) and Professional Identity Scale (PIS). Multivariate multilayer regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of ICU head nurse's leadership style on nurse's professional identity. Results? Head nurse's transformational leadership perceived by the nurses scored (2.69±0.37); the transactional leadership scored (0.62±0.61); and the nurses' professional identity scored (116.63±22.76). Head nurse's transformational leadership was positively correlated with the nurses' professional identity (r=0.376,P＜0.01), but there was no correlation between the transactional leadership and the nurses' professional identity (P＞0.05). Multilayer regression analysis revealed that the transformational leadership is an influencing factor to the nurses' professional identity. Conclusions? Head nurse's leadership style has significant impacts on nurse's professional identity, and the transformational leadership has positive effects on nurse's professional identity. Hospital managers should pay attention to cultivating the transformational leadership of clinical nursing managers, thus improving nurse's professional identity.

Protein neddylation is catalyzed by a three-enzyme cascade, namely an E1 NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE), one of two E2 NEDD8 conjugation enzymes and one of several E3 NEDD8 ligases. The physiological substrates of neddylation are the family members of cullin, the scaffold component of cullin RING ligases (CRLs). Currently, a potent E1 inhibitor, MLN4924, also known as pevonedistat, is in several clinical trials for anti-cancer therapy. Here we report the discovery, through virtual screening and structural modifications, of a small molecule compound HA-1141 that directly binds to NAE in both