Objective To discuss the influencing factors of lead poisoning in children and adolescents in certain region of Yunnan and to provide evidence for effective prevention measures.Methods Venous blood samples of 1379 children and adolescents were collected and lead levels in the blood were tested by atomic absorption spectrometer.Children and adolescents with lead level higher than 100 μg/L were diagnosed with lead poisoning.Results The lead level ranged from 1 μg/L to 450 μg/L,with the average level of 82.87 ± 66.97 μg/L,and 341 children and adolescents were diagnosed with lead poisoning,with the poisoning rate of 24.7％.The differences of lead poisoning rates by gender,age,and place of residence were significant (P＜0.05).Gender,age,and distance between place of residence and mining area were the main influencing factors of the lead poisoning rate.Conclusion The blood lead poisoning rate of children and adolescent are high in this region.Boys,children in preschool age and children living closer to the mining area are susceptible to blood lead poisoning.

Objective To study the effect of glucocorticoid receptor(GCR) on the treatment of patients with nephrotic syndrome(NS) and to observe the accommodation effect of herbal gynostemmae,acanthopanax senticosus harns on GCR levels.Methods The patients were divided into 3 groups: the healthy control group,treatment group Ⅰ(GC only) and treatment group Ⅱ(combination with herbal gynostemmae,acanthopanax senticosus harns and GC),radioligand binding assay was used to measure the GCR levels of each group.At the same time,the urine protein ratio within 24 hours was observed in each group.Results Compared with healthy control group,the GCR levels of treatment group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were both reduced,but after 4 weeks of treatment in the treatment group Ⅱ,not only GCR level recovered but also the urine protein were decreased faster than treatment group Ⅰ.Conclusions Herbal gynostemmae,acanthopanax senticosus harns can accommodate the GCR levels of children with NS.They can also eliminate urine protein and cure NS ideally.

Background Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a serious complication of many fundus diseases.A variety of factors are associated with CNV.Research showed that recombinant human endostatin ( rhendostatin ) can arrest the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway and inhibit the proliferation of endothelial cells and angiogenesis.Objective This study was to observe the inhibition of rh-endostatin on experimental CNV.Methods The CNV animal models were created by Argon laser with the wavelength 532 nm to irradiate the inferior retina away optical disc 1-2 DD for 25 spots in 32 eyes of 16 chinchilla rabbits.The laser parameters were as follows:power 800 mW,spot diameter 75 μm and time shutter 50 ms.The models were then divided into model control group and rh-endostatin group.Rh-endostatin was intravitreously injected via scleral incision in 16 eyes of 8 model rabbits at 1 week after photocoagulation.Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence topography(OCT) were performed at 1,2,4 weeks after photocoagulation respectively.The eyeballs were enucleated and the retinal sections were prepared for the histopathologieal examination,and the contents of VEGF and pigment epithelial derived factor(PEDF) in rabbit vitreous,and blood serum were detected by ELISA at 2,4 weeks after photocoagulation.Results Retinal edema and exudes were seen in 1 week and scarring in 4 weeks after photocoagulation.In rh-endostatin injection group,the hyperfluorescence masses were seen in the background phase and early arterial phase in 42％ (84/200) of spots in the first week.The fluorescence leakage was decreased in the rh-endostatin injection group compared with control group in the second week and ceased at the third week on the FFA after injection.Variety forms of hyperreflective zones were found below the retinal pigment epithelium on the seventh day after photocoagulation.But the partial vessel occlusion and fibroplasias were identified in the rh-endostatin injection group in the third week by the OCT.The histopathological examination showed that the morphological abnormality was mild in the rh-endostatin injection group in comparison with model group.The serum PEDF concentration was significantly elevated but the VEGF/PEDF values in vitreous and serum were declined in rhendostatin injection group compared with model group (P ＜ 0.0 1 ).Conclusions Argon laser photocoagulation could induce the experimental CNV in chinchilla rabbit.Intravitreous injection of rh-endostar can effectively inhibit laser-induced CNV in rabbit.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Bushen Tiaojing Recipe (BTR) on the quality of oocytes, reproductive hormones, and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP15) of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) patients.

METHODSSixty infertility patients who prepared for IVF-ET were assigned to two groups according to the treatment order, the treatment group [20 cases, treated with BTR + controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH)] and the control group (treated with COH alone, 40 cases). Age, the time limit for infertility, basal follicle-stimulating hormone (bFSH) concentration, usage days and the dosage of gonadotropins (Gn), serum levels of estradiol (E2), luteotropic hormone (LH), and progesterone (P) on the HCG injection day, the number of retrieved occytes, the fertilization rate, the number of embryos, the high quality embryo rate, and the clinical pregnancy rate were compared. Concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH, E2, testosterone (T), and P in the follicular fluid were detected via chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. The mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in mature granulosa cells was detected by real-time fluorescent PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSThirty-two patients were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 53.3%. Of them, 19 were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 47.5% in the control group, while 20 were pregnant and the total pregnancy rate was 65.0% in the treatment group. But there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the Gn dosage was lower and the high quality embryo rate was higher in the treatment group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in serum concentrations of E2, LH, or P on the HCG injection day, the number of retrieved oocytes, or the fertilization rate (P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, FSH concentrations in the follicular fluid were significantly lower and LH concentrations were significantly higher in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The LH concentrations in the follicular fluid were significantly higher in pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).There was no statistical difference in E2, T, or P concentrations (P > 0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in granulosa cells was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). It was also higher in pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDuring the IVF-ET process, BTR could elevate the quality of oocytes, and increase the sensitivity of ovarian follicles to exogenous Gn, which was correlated with the mRNA and protein expression of BMP-15 in granulosa cells, and changing concentrations of FSH and LH.

Adult ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Embryo Transfer ; Estradiol ; blood ; metabolism ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; metabolism ; Follicular Fluid ; metabolism ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; metabolism ; Oocytes ; drug effects ; Pregnancy ; Progesterone ; blood ; metabolism ; Testosterone ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish an HPLC fingerprint to evaluate the quality of Polygalae Radix, root xylem, and those collected in different growth ages or harvest time.

METHODSeparation was performed at 30 °C on a Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm); the mobile phases was acetonitrile and 0.05% H3PO4 water in the gradient elution; the flow rate was set at 1.0 mL · min(-1) and the detection wavelength at 314 nm; the quality discriminant analyses were accomplished by means of similarity analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and neural network model.

RESULTIn 26 batches of Polygalae Radix, 24 batches fingerprint similarities were above 0.8. In 5 different growth or harvest time batches, 4 batches were above 0.8; in 8 batches root xylem samples, the similarities were all above 0.875. The similarity analysis was in accord with the quality discriminant analysis of cluster analysis, principal component analysis and neural network model.

CONCLUSIONFingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition technique can effectively evaluate the quality of Polygalae Radix. The active substance species are all similar in cultivated, wild, different growth or harvest time Polygalae Radix and polygala root xylem, but the chromatography peak areas are different. The effective material contents are similar between wild and cultivated Polygalae Radix, but each chromatographic peak area of the root xylem is much smaller than that of Polygalae Radix. The chemical substance accumulation mainly depends on harvest month, but little growth time in Polygalae Radix.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; classification ; Polygala ; chemistry ; classification ; Quality Control

Professor WEI Pin-kang has engaged in prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors through intrgrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for more than forty years. According to the characteristics of the gastric cancer development and using the philosophy thinking of TCM comparative states, combined with the ancient theory of phlegm syndrome in TCM, Professor WEI Pin-kang put foward his original theory that is the concept of phlegm differentiation of gastric cancer theory, and built the theory of the stomach sputum pollution, which can renovate the body's environment, eradicating the cause and improving the quality of life for cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the expression in the VEGF,TGF-?1 of cervical squamous car- cinoma infected by HPV16,18.Methods Cells exfoliated from cervix(collected by clinician)of 99 women with cervical cancer and 54 women as a control group were analyzed blindly by human papillomavirus type 16 and 18 Fluorescent Polymerase Reaction Diagnositic kit.The expression of VEGF,TGF-?1 of the positive HPV16,18 of 38 women with cervical squamous cancer were studied by immunohistochemical stain.Results The positive expression of HPV16,18 was observed in 53 in the case of cervical cancer with positive rates of 54 %,but the positive rates was 7 % in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the therapeutic action of Taurine in patients with cerebral infarction(CI)induced by hyperhomocysteinemia(Hhcy).Methods The 100 CI patients induced by Hhcy were randomly divided to two therapy groups.One group was administered Taurine,the other group was administered Folacin combined with Vitamine B12 for 8 weeks.Before and after treating,the serum levels of homocysteic acid(Hcy),Folacin and Vitamine B12 were detected,NIHSS and BI were evaluated.Results The serum levels of Hcy were significantly decreased after administering in both two groups(all P

Objective To investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ampicillin-sulbactam,clindamycin and cefoperazone a- gainst common clinical isolates.Methods MICs of these three antibiotics were determined by E test.Results Ampicillin-sulbae- tam showed inhibition rate of 100% for methicillin susceptible S.aureus (MSSA),E.faecalis,Group A Streptococcus,H. influenzae,penicillin-susceptible S.pneumoniae (PSSP),M.catarrhalis and anaerobes (including 10 strains of Bacteroid spp.,2 strains of P.aches,1 strain of E.lentum,1 strain of Fusobacterium innocuum,and 2 strains of Peptostreptococcus spp.).Ampicillin-sulbactam was active against 86.7% of extended-spectrum?-lactamase non-producing K.pneumoniae (NES- BL-KPN) and 53.3% of non ESBL-producing E.coli (NESBL-ECO).Ampicillin-sulbactam only inhibited 23.3% of A.bau- mannii isolates and 25.0% of E.faecium isolates.For MSSA,anaerobes,PSSP and group A Streptococcus,about 60.0%, 31.2%,30.0% and 10.0% of the isolates were susceptible to clindamycin,respectively.For MSSA,NESBL-ECO and NES- BL-KPN,96.7% to 100% of the isolates were susceptible to cefoperazone.About 40.0% of P.aeruginosa isolates were sus- ceptible to cefoperazone.No A.baumannii isolate was susceptible to cefoperazone.Conclusions The ampicillin-sulbactam has good antimicrobial activity against MSSA,E.faecalis,Group A Streptococcus,NESBL-KPN,H.influenzae,PSSP,M.ca- tarrhalis and anaerobes.In this study,clindamycin is active against 60% of MSSA isolates.Most of other species are relatively resistant to clindamycin.Cefoperazone shows good activity against MSSA,NESBL-ECO,and NESBL-KPN.These three anti- microbial agents can be used as empirical treatment for community-acquired infections.

OBJECTIVETo establish the HPLC fingerprint of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii.

METHODThe chromatographic separation was performed on a Kromasil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) eluted with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-ammonium acetate buffer (2. 5 per thousand acetic acid-ammonia pH 10.5) (60:40). The UV detection wavelength was set at 240 nm and the flow rate was set at 1.0 mL x min(-1).

RESULTThe RSD of precision and repeatability was less than 2%. Under the selected chromatographic conditions, good HPLC fingerprints of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii were obtained.

CONCLUSIONThe method was simple, accurate and repeatable. It can be used for the quality control of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii.

Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Aconitum ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Plant Tubers ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results