Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of Rivaroxaban and Warfarin in the treatment of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis.Methods From January to December 2015,51 patients of deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb divided into.Warfarin group (21 cases) and Rivaroxaban group (30 cases).The time of each therapy lasted for 3 months or longer.The characteristics and the change of lower limb venous patency rate in two groups of patients were analyzed to evaluate the curative effect.Results Rivaroxaban group had shorter therapy time than Warfarin group.The lower limb venous patency rate in Rivaroxaban group were higher than that in Warfarin group (85.7％ vs.60％,P ＜0.05).Ultrasonography showed partial patency in 5 mixed thrombus patients of Warfarin group,while complete patency in 2 and partial patency in 3 of Rivaroxaban group.Normalized rate in peripheral venous thrombosis patients of Rivaroxaban group were higher than Warfarin group (84％ vs.25 ％ P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Rivaraxaban is superior to Warfarin in the complete recanalization of DVT,while safe and reliable.

Actins ; metabolism ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Adult ; Drug Therapy ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Varicocele ; complications ; drug therapy ; surgery

Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

0.05).92.7%of the objects knew that passive smoking was harmful.71.9%knew that passive smoking made people suffering from cardiopathy more possibly.74.9%knew that the wife whose husband smoked were easier to catch lung cancer.And 84.4%knew that the child whose parent s smoked more possibly took asthma or respiration disease. The correct rates of the four knowledge points were different among different gender and the degree of education,which was higher in female than in male,and higher in high education degree than in the other(P

?-arbutin is biosynthesized by whole cell method with Xanthomona maltophilia BT-112.The conditions for cell biosynthesized ?-arbutin are investigated as follows:temperature,25℃;concentration of hydroquinone,30mmol/L;mol ratio of sucrose and hydroquinone,20∶1;time course of ?-arbutin biosynthesis,45 hours;rotational speed,160r/min;concentration of Xanthomona maltophilia BT-112,85g/L;concentration of K-2HPO-4-KH-2PO-4 buffer solution,25mmol/L;pH of K-2HPO-4-KH-2PO-4 buffer solution,8.0.Under the above optimal conditions,the maximum of molar conversion yield based on the amount of hydroquinone supplied reaches 86.7%.

The polymorphism and thermostability of nirmatrelvir, the main antiviral component of the oral COVID-19 treatment drug, were studied. Four polymorphs of nirmatrelvir were prepared by recrystallization methods. Among them, Form 1 and nirmatrelvir methyl tert-butyl ether solvate (Form 2) had been reported in the literature, while nirmatrelvir isobutyl acetate solvate (NMTW-IBAC) and nirmatrelvir ethyl acetate solvate (NMTW-EA) are two new solvates. The crystal structures were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The thermostability of polymorphism and crystalline transformation were also investigated by combining Hirshfeld surface analysis and interaction energy analysis. The results showed that nirmatrelvir Form 1 belongs orthorhombic crystal system with the space group P2₁2₁2₁ and one nirmatrelvir molecule included in the asymmetric unit, which has the same crystal structure as nirmatrelvir Form 4 reported in the literature. Owing to its larger thermal expansion, the differences in crystallographic parameters obtained at different temperatures were found between Form 1 and Form 4. Three solvates of nirmatrelvir belonged to the iso-structural with monoclinic crystal system and the space group P2₁, in which the asymmetric unit contains one nirmatrelvir molecule and one solvent molecule. The thermal analysis results showed that nirmatrelvir Form 1 was a solvent-free crystal form with the best thermal stability and the strongest intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Among the three solvates, NMTW-EA has the worst thermal stability and the weakest hydrogen bonding interaction between the nirmatrelvir molecule and the solvent molecule. The energy framework of nirmatrelvir solvates showed that the closer the arrangement between solvent and nirmatrelvir molecules, the greater the total interaction energy between solvent and nirmatrelvir molecules. The phase transition studies of the three solvates showed that NMTW-IBAC and NMTW-EA were transformed into amorphous after desolvation, respectively, while Form 2 undergoes oiling during desolvation. The research provides theoretical guidance for the analysis, identification and quality control of nirmatrelvir polymorphs.

As a novel transdermal drug delivery technology of minimally invasive, safe and efficient, microneedles have received increasing attention. The microchannels formation by microneedles onto the skin is a prerequisite and key for microneedles to deliver drugs. However, there is still a lack of systematic evaluation in skin microchannels. This review summarized influencing factors and evaluation methods in microchannels formation and healing by microneedles, including geometric parameters, materials for preparation, drugs, penetration parameters, differences among the skin of subjects, and presence or absence of occlusion. This review provides reference for other scholars to further study the effectiveness and security of microneedle applications.

The rice gall dwarf disease, caused by the Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) is a serious disease occurring in rice in many regions of Guangdong province. As a basis to control the disease we have studied the genomic diversity of a variety of isolates from different locations. Genome segment 8(S8), encoding a main outer capsid protein (Pns8) of RGDV five isolates (BL, CH, DQ, GZ, XY) from Guangdong province was cloned and sequenced. The results revealed that all the S8 segments of the five isolates consisted of 1 578 nucleotides and had a single open reading frame (ORF) extending for 1 301 nucleotides from nucleotide 21 which encoded a polypeptide of 426 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 47.4 kDa. The S8 full-length sequence and the ORF sequence shared 97.3%-98.8% and 97.3%-99.1% nucleotide sequence identities within the five Chinese isolates, and shared 94.8%-95.6% and 95.0%-96.0% identities with those of the Thailand isolate respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of Pns8 in GZ isolate was identical to that in the Thailand isolate, while the amino acid sequence variability of Pns8 within five Chinese isolates ranged from 0.5% to 2.1%. These results indicate that the S8 segment of RGDV is highly conserved in different isolates from different locations. The S8 cDNA from the XY isolate was cloned into the plasmid vector pET-28b(+) and a fused expression protein with an apparent molecular mass of 51kDa was specifically detected in an analysis of Escherichia coli Rossetta(DE3)Ⅱcells. To our knowledge, this is the first report on analysis of the RGDV segment 8 sequence and genetic comparison of different RGDV isolates and their protein expression.