Objective To study the clinical application of quantitative ultrasound(QUS) which evaluate skeletal status of children and adolescents.Methods Subjects were children and adolescents aged 0-18 years old.Tibia/radial bone strength was obtained using QUS.Children who were younger than 2 years old only were measured at midpiece of tibia,and children who were older than 2 years old were measu-red at midpiece of tibia and radius.At the same time,calcium in peripheral blood was measured by the method of atomic absorption.Results 1.Radial and tibial bone strength presented nonlinear growth with age in healthy children and adolescents.2.Bone strengths of different anatomic-sites were different and the disparity rate of evaluation at different anatomic sites was 30.1%.3.The bone strength of the children who had some risk factors that could induce decrease of bone strength or had some diseases of bone metabolism was lower than healthy children.Composition of low bone strength children was 71.1% in high risk children,and was 47.9% in those who had some symptom or physical sign of calcium deficiency.4.Composition of low bone strength children was 44.2% in those who had normal peripheral blood calcium,and composition of normal bone strength children in those who had low peripheral blood calcium was 59.7%.The 2 methods had no correlation.Conclusions QUS is a quite useful technique in evaluation skeletal status of children and adolescents,and is sensitive for high risk children.It is necessary to measure radius and tibia,and consider blood calcium and bone strength to evaluate practical level of calcium and nutritional state of children.

Objective: To study the antipyretic action of Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin and its effect on heart rate and blood pressure of rats.Methods: The model of pyretic rabbit was established by diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus triple vaccine,and to observe the effect of Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin on temperature of rabbit. Two-path physiological recorder was used to measure heart rate and blood pressure.Results: The experiment proved that Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin can decrease the anus temperature of pyretic rabbit obviously.Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizanate had no remarkably effect on heart rate and blood pressure.Conclusion: Dipseudoephedrine Glycyrrhizin has antipyretic action and has no effect on heart rate and blood pressure within studied dose.

At the beginning of the 1980s, a concept of viable but non-culturable(VBNC) was suggested. VBNC is a survival strategy adopted by microorganisms when they are exposed to environmental stress. This article try to make a summary of research of the conditions of VBNC formation, recovery of culturability and methods of VBNC cells detection. In addition, introduces the first growth factor of microorganisms-Rpf.

The clinical prescriptions of hemoptysis that built by Menghe physician Ma Peizhi were collected, and were analyzed by the method of unsupervised data mining, such as association rules and clustering algorithm. From the prescriptions, we got the frequency of drugs, the association rules among drugs, 10 core drug combinations and 5 new prescriptions. Accordingly, after the analysis, Menghe physician Ma Peizhi had rich experience in the treatment of hemoptysis. His therapy for hemoptysis was clearing heat and moistening lung, dispel heat from blood to stop bleeding, and enriching yin and blood. And we can also make a conclusion that the TCM inheritance support system is of great practical value for minning the old doctors' clinical experiences.
Data Mining ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Prescriptions ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Hemoptysis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'

Objective To explore the mutation of androgen receptor(AR)gene in a patient with 46,XY disorder of sex development(DSD)and to improve the diagnostic level and understanding of androgen insensitivity syndrome(AIS).Methods The clinical data of the child was analyzed,including physical examination,relevant laboratory examination,karyotype,pelvic B ultrasound,pelvic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and AR gene mutation.The peripheral blood of the child and his parents were drawn,and peripheral blood DNA was extracted.The polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-DNA sequencing method was used to amplify all exons of the AR gene in the child and his parents.Then,they were directly sequenced.Results A 7-years and 2-months old child who suffered from DSD,revealed physical examination that the child had normal female external genitalia,as the clitoris length was 2.0 cm×0.8 cm,with visible vaginal opening,and there were masses at bilateral inguinal region,with a size of 1.5 cm×0.8 cm.The results of human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG)stimulation test:testosterone was 0 nmol/L,androstenedione was 1.78 nmol/L,dihydrotestosterone was 0.07 nmol/L before HCG was injected;but testosterone was 4.69 nmol/L,androstenedione was 2.10 nmol/L,dihydrotestosterone was 0.33 nmol/L after HCG was injection.Sex chromosome analysis reported 46,XY karyotype.Pelvic B ultrasound revealed the absence of a uterus and ovaries and the presence of bilateral testes like gonad at each side of internal inguinal ring,with a size of 1.4 cm×1.0 cm×0.8 cm in the left,1.5 cm×0.7 cm×0.8 cm in the right;but the kidney,ureter,urinary bladder,adrenal gland and retroperitoneal for B ultrasound revealed no abnormality.Pelvic MRI(non-enhanced and enhanced)showed the presence of a blind ending vagina between rectum and urinary bladder(40 mm in depth)and the absence of uterus and ovarian tissue.DNA sequencing found one c.1685T>C heterozygous mutation(p.Ile562Thr)on exon 2 of AR gene in the child.But retrieving and summarzing documents of the domestic and foreign information databases and websites,the locus mutation of AR gene had never been reported.The structure prediction of the mutated protein(Polyohen2 and SIFT software)was significantly changed.By verifying the locus site of the parents of this child,it was found that his mother carried the same mutation,but his father was found to be normal.Conclusions A c.1685 T>C mutation(p.Ile562Thr)on exon 2 of AR gene is a novel mutation.Combined with the patient's clinical manifestations and computer prediction results,it may suggest that the novel mutation of AR gene can lead to the occurrence of AIS.

Adolescent ; Angiofibroma ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Nose ; surgery ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of letrozole for delaying bone maturation and increasing predicted adult height in boys with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) who have a bone age above 13 years and a short stature, and its adverse effects.

METHODSTwenty ICPP boys with a bone age above 13 years and a short stature were randomly divided into letrozole treatment (n=10) and control groups (n=10). The letrozole treatment group received oral letrozole [2.5 mg/(m(2)·d), Qd] for 6 months, while the control group received no treatment and was observed periodically. Bone age, growth rate, height standard deviation (SD) score, predicted adult height SD score, sexual maturity, and levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and androstenedione (ASD) were measured. The letrozole-related adverse reactions were evaluated.

RESULTSAfter 6 months of treatment, both groups had a significantly increased bone age, but the letrozole group had a significantly slowed increase in bone age compared with the control group (13.82 ± 0.23 years vs 14.47 ± 0.30 years; P<0.05); compared with the control group, the letrozole group had a significantly increased predicted adult height SD score (-1.69 ± 0.26 vs -1.91 ± 0.35; P<0.05) and a significantly increased T level (4.9 ± 0.9 nmol/L vs 4.4 ± 0.8 nmol/L; P<0.05). There was no significant difference in testicular volume between the two groups. The treatment led to no significant changes in growth rate, Tanner stage, and levels of FSH, LH, P, E2 and ASD in the two groups, and there was no significant difference in these indices between the two groups. No adverse reactions were observed during letrozole treatment.

CONCLUSIONSLetrozole delays bone maturation and increases predicted adult height in ICPP boys with a bone age above 13 years and a short stature, and it causes no obvious adverse reactions.

Adolescent ; Aromatase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Body Height ; drug effects ; Bone Development ; drug effects ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Nitriles ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Puberty, Precocious ; blood ; drug therapy ; Testis ; drug effects ; pathology ; Triazoles ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use

Objective To explore the relationship between plasma ghrelin levels and glucose and lipid metabolisms of child and adolescent obesity.Methods 30 cases of obesity and 30 healthy normal weisht children and adolescents with same age and gender were selected.Plasma ghrelin level,serum insulin(INS),C-peptide(CPE),fasting blood glucose(FBG),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoproteins(HDL),low-density lipoproteins(LDL)were measured.Results For the obesity group:Plasma ghrelin level significantly decreased [(15.49±1.98)vs(19.47 ±1.50)μg/L]compared with control(P＜0.05);BMI,waistline,FBG,INS were very significantly increased(28.19±3.83)vs(21.07±1.53)kg/m2;(88.60±6.13)vs(78.52 ±4.40)cm;(5.23±0.49)vs(4.59 ±0.63)mmol/L;(22.32 ±3.50)vs(16.98±2.50)μIU/ml,respectively compared with control(all P＜0.01);TC was significantly increased(5.87±0.88)vs(4.05±0.76)nmol/L compared with control(P＜0.05).For the plasma ghrelin level of obesity:The relationship between plasma ghrelin level and body weight,BMI,waistline,INS,TC was obviously negative(r=-0.385,-0.466,-0.336,-0.387,-0.373,respectively,all P＜0.01);The relationship between plasma ghrelin level and FBG was obviously negative(r=-0.324,P＜0.05);No relationship between plasma ghrelin level and age,body height,CPE,TG,HDLC,LDLC.Conclusion Plasma ghrelin level of children and adolescent obesity was obviously decreased,and was strongly related with disordem of glucose and lipid metabolisms.

Analyzed the prescriptions for phlegm retention syndrome that built by Ma Peizhi by the association rules and clustering algorithm, the frequency of drug usage and the relationship between drugs could be get. And from that we could conclude the experiences for phlegm retention syndrome of Ma Peizhi of menghe medical genre. The results of the analysis were that 18 core combinations were dig out, such as Citri Exocarpium Rubrum-Eriobotryae Folium-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. And there were 9 new prescriptions were found out such as Aurantii Fructus-Citri Exocarpium Rubium-Eriobotryae Folium-Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. The results of the analysis were proved that Ma Peizhi of Menghe Medical Genre was good at curing phlegm retention syndrome by using the traditional Chinese medicine of mild and light, such as the medicines of mild tonification, and clearing damp and promoting diuresis.
Algorithms ; Data Mining ; Databases, Factual ; Drug Prescriptions ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mucus ; chemistry ; Practice Patterns, Physicians' ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; drug therapy

Objective To investigate the effect of microcireulation blood flow and altering immunity by Chuanxiongqin,ulinastain and thymosin α1 on sepsis patients.Methods 90 patients were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=30),namely ICU group,Chuanxiongqin group,ulinastain and thymosin α1 group.HLA-DR/CD14+and IL-6,TNF-α,Lac,DD were measured.Results (1)DD showed no significant difference at every time point between ICU group and ulinastain+thymosin α1 group(P＞0.05).DD decreased in Chuanxiongqin group,and was significantly different from the others on the third day.(2)Lac unchanged significantly at every time point in ICU group(P＞0.05).Lac in Chuanxiongqin group and ulinastain+thymeain α1 group tended to decrease,and was statistically different from ICU group on the second day.(3)IL-6 and TNF-α tended to increase at every time point in ICU group(P＜0.05).In ulinastain+thymosin α1 group,IL-6 and TNF-α returned to the level before treatment,HLA-DR/(D14+increased significantly,and was higher than Chuanxiongqin group and ICU group statistically.Conclusion Chuanxiongqin could ameliorate circulation;ulinastsin and thymosin α1 could depress IL-6,TNF-α.So ulinastain and thymosin α1 might protect the immunity of sepsis patients.