Abstract?AIM:To investigate the clinical effect of orthokeratology for 400 juvenile with myopia astigmatism and its effects on corneal endothelial cells.?METHODS:Four hundred patients(800 eyes), of whom the average age was 11.5 ±2.3 years old, 239 male, 161 female, were divided into two groups: orthokeratology group and spectacles group. Parameters including efficacy data ( uncorrected visual acuity, corneal curvature, axial length and diopter ) and corneal endothelial cell data ( count of endothelial cell, endothelial cell density, fluorescein staining and central corneal thickness) were observed at 1d, 1, 6, 12 and 24mo after wearing.? RESULTS: The visual acuity of spectacles group recovered to normal after wearing, that of orthokeratology group recovered to normal at 1mo after wearing.At 2a after wearing, the corneal curvature, diopter of orthokeratology group decreased significantly (40.09 ±0.31D, 0.23 ±0.06D respectively); while those of spectacles group increased, the differences between the two groups were significant (P<0.05).The axial length of the two groups increased slightly at 1mo after wearing ( P>0.05 ) compared to those before wearing. At 2a after wearing, the axial length of the two groups were 23.96 ± 0.38mm, 26.49±0.88mm respectively (P<0.05).At 2a after wearing, central corneal thickness was 527.33 ± 27.69mm, 526.98±26.89μm(P>0.05).The count of endothelial cell and endothelial cell density both decreased after wearing without significant differences (P>0.05).?CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology has less effect on the corneal endothelial cells, no obvious adverse reactions and can control the prognosis of myopia.

Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was employed for simultaneous determination of three components and fingerprint analysis of Periplocae Cortex with gradient elution of mehtanol and water containing 0.1% phosphoric acid as mobile phase. Three components including chlorogenic acid, 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde and periplocoside were well separated under the analytical condition. Seventeen peaks were selected as the common peaks of 30 batches of Periplocae Cortex. The results showed that there is a significant difference in contents of periplocoside between the samples collected from Henan and Shanxi province. Based on the results of three components quantification and fingerprint analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis ( HCA) and principle component analysis (PCA) were used to further prove the differences between two group samples, and the results indicated that quality of Periplocae Cortex from Shanxi was more stable than that from Henan. The established UPLC fingerprint and quantitative analysis methods could be used efficiently in the quality control of Periplocae Cortex, and this study might contribute to the reasonable clinical application.
Benzaldehydes ; analysis ; China ; Chlorogenic Acid ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Ecosystem ; Periploca ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Quality Control

AIM: To investigate the use of therapy ultrasound to enhance nonviral gene delivery. METHODS: Endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) were cultured in 6-well plates. Plasmid (pcDNA3.1/His/LacZ) with or without microbubbles at the different concentrations was transfected into the cells with the use of ultrasound for 1 min at 2 MHz, 1.8 mechanical index (MI). Additional controls included ultrasound alone, microbubble alone and microbubble plus plasmid. The rate of blue cells and the activities of ?-Gal were measured. In addition, cell viability was detected with different time from 1 to 30 min of ultrasound irradiation and the different concentrations of microbubbles. RESULTS: In the group of ultrasound with microbubble, the rate of blue cells and activity of ?-Gal markedly increased by 60% and 9-fold, respectively. Microbubbles at concentration of 10% led to the highest transfection effect. Ultrasoud exposure at 1 to 30 minute had no cell toxic effects, while microbubbles at the concentration of 50% had significant effect on cell survival. CONCLUSIONS: Albumin-coated microbubbles markedly enhance gene delivery by therapeutic ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction, which can be used as a safe and practicality vectors in gene therapy.

China ; epidemiology ; Cleft Lip ; epidemiology ; Cleft Palate ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective:To improve the genetic stability of HBV gene in transgenic mice.Methods:HBV transgenic mice were bred by backcross and double cross.The HBV gene expression and replication were studied with real-time PCR,ELISA and chemiluminescence.Results:The HBV transgenic mice have stably bred to 23rd generation.The serum HBsAg level is 4122.31?2044.74IU/ml;The rate of HBV transgenic mice whose serum HBV DNA reach 104~106copies/ml was 93.93%.The HBV replication and expression were improved markedly.There is no difference between male and female mice about serum HBsAg level.Conclusion:After breeding the HBV gene was expressed stably with high-level in transgenic mice.

Objective To explore the effects of mycoplasma and chlamydia infections on tubal infertilityand to assess the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of female urogenital, and consequently to guide clinical rational drug use. Methods 327 tubal infertility women as infertility group and 286 healthy pregnant women as control group were randomly selected, detected chlamydia trachomatis ( CT) , ureaplasma urealyticum ( UU) and mycoplasma hominis ( MH) in cervical secretions and drug resistance of UU and MH. Results CT infection rates ( 14. 99% ), UU infection rates (23. 24% ) , UU + MH infection rates (29.05% ) ,CT + UU + MH infection rates(9. 17% )and total infection rates(88.99% )in infertility group is higher than those (order: 2. 80% ,6. 99% , 8. 39% ,4. 55% ,29.02% ) in the control group, comparisons of two groups are statistically significant differences (P ＜ 0.05 ), the susceptibility of UU to roxithromycin (sensitivity is 96. 05% ), josamycin ( sensitivity is 96.05% ), tetracycline ( sensitivity is 82.89%), vibramycin( sensitivity is 92. 11% ) and clarithromycin( sensitivity is 96.05% ) were relatively high and low to ciprofloxacin and acetyl spiramycin. The susceptibility of MH to josamycin ( sensitivity is 95. 83% ) , vibramycin ( sensitivity is 91. 67% ), minocin ( sensitivity is 83.33%) and actinospectacin ( sensitivity is 75. 00% ) were relatively high and low to erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin and clarithromycin. UU + MH was only sensitive to josamycin ( sensitivity is 90. 52% ), high resistance ( 77. 89% -91. 58% ) to erythromycin, azithromycin, acetyl spiramycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, azithromycin and clarithromycin.Conclusion Infection of CT, UU, MH and tubal infertility have certain relevance, the rates of CT, UU and MH infection in tubal infertility patients higher than fertile people. For many commonantibacterial drugs, UU, MH and UU + MH has strong resistance, the etiology detection and using adapted antibios should be taken seriously in clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the incidence and its secular trends of gastroschisis in Chinese perinatal infants.Methods Data on perinatal infants was collected at hospitals under surveillance program in Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network from 1996 to 2007.Data on incidence,trend and related factors of gastroschisis in perinatal infants were carried out.Both x2 test and Poisson regression model were used to test the differences between residential areas,sex and maternal age.Both x2 trends test and Poisson regression model were applied to analyze the trends.Results A total of 6 308 594 perinatal infants were monitored during 1996-2007,including 1601 infants with gastroschisis to show the incidence as 2.54 per 10 000 births.The overall prevalence of gastroschisis in China did not change remarkably during the period of our research.The incidence rates of gastroschisis were significantly different between urban and rural areas,between different sex and different maternal age groups.The incidence of gastroschisis was lower in urban area than in rural area (RR=0.58) and lower in female fetuses than in male fetuses (RR=0.76),highest in the group younger than 20 years of age,which was 11.43 times than incidence of the 30-34 age group (RR=11.432).Conclusion The overall prevalence of gastroschisis in China did not show remarkable change during 1996-2007 but the incidence of gastroschisis a bit increased in the area of study and significant differences were seen in different sex,regions and maternal age groups.Mothers aged younger than 20 years old appeared to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence of gastroschisis.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the inductive efficiency of deriving hematopoietic cells from human embryonic stem (hES) cells co-cultured with human yolk sac stromal cells, fetal liver stromal cells or fetal bone marrow stromal cells,in order to discuss the effect of the different hemopoietic microenvironment on hemopoietic cytogenesis. METHODS: We used two-step method to induce the hES cells into the hematopoietic cells. In the first step the hES cells were co-cultured with cytokines by formation of the day 5 embryoid bodies (5d EBs). In the second step the 5d EB cells were induced into the hematopoietic cells by co-culturing with human yolk sac stromal cells, fetal liver stromal cells or fetal bone marrow stromal cells for 10 days. The inductive efficiencies of deriving hematopoietic cells from hES cells co-cultured with the different hemopoietic microenvironment were reflected by the expression levels of flk, CD34 and CD45 antigen. RESULTS: Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that the population of the cells co-cultured with human yolk sac stromal cells contained flk (1.80%+/-0.56%), CD34 (1.30%+/-0.14%) or CD45 (1.05%+/-0.63%) positive cells; the population of the cells co-cultured with human fetal liver stromal cells contained flk (34.00%+/-25.45%), CD34 (38.40%+/-24.80%) or CD45 (72.60%+/-25.70%) positive cells; the population of the cells co-cultured with human fetal bone marrow stromal cells contained flk (2.50%+/-1.48%), CD34 (3.20%+/-0.56%) or CD45 (1.65%+/-0.21%) positive cells. Compared with spontaneous differentiation of EBs, all of the three stromal cells could induce EBs into the hematopoietic cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The inductive efficiency of deriving hematopoietic cells from EBs co-cultured with human fetal liver stromal cells was higher than EBs co-cultured with human yolk sac stromal cells and fetal bone marrow stromal cells.
Antigens, CD34 ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Microenvironment ; Coculture Techniques ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Fetus ; cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; cytology ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Yolk Sac ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo explore effects of nordy on biological behaviors of human malignant glioblastoma cell line U87MG in vitro and transplanted tumor in vivo, and to identify the differential proteome upon Nordy induced differentiation.

METHODSGlioblastoma U87MG cells were induced to differentiate by synthetic lipoxygenase inhibitor, Nordy. The drug was also given via peritoneal injection to nude mice (27 mg/kg body weight) bearing orthotopic transplanted tumors of U87MG cells in the brain. The tumor volumes and GFAP expression were measured. Total proteins of U87MG cells after Nordy treatment were analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. PDQuest 7.1 computer software was used to compare protein profiles of the treated cells with that of untreated control. Differentially expressed proteins were then selected and characterized by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry. The functional aspects of these proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics.

RESULTSNordy suppressed both the proliferation of U87MG cells in vitro and the tumor growth of orthotopic transplanted tumors in vivo (P < 0.01). The differentially expressed proteins induced by Nordy included proliferation-associated gene A, alternative splicing factor ASF-3, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A, coffilin 1 (non-muscle), beta galactoside binding lectin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase 1 and an unknown protein.

CONCLUSIONSNordy promotes the differentiation of glioblastoma cells, by which it may serve as a therapeutic agent. Various proteins identified during Nordy-induced differentiation are involved in the cell proliferation, metabolism, differentiation, apoptosis and gene transcription.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Glioblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Male ; Masoprocol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Protein Array Analysis ; Proteome ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; methods ; Random Allocation ; Tumor Burden

OBJECTIVETo make an inquiry into method of typing of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).

METHODAverage monthly rates were calculated on the basis of data from 1995 to 1999, then cluster analysis was carried out to type out endemic areas.

RESULTSCompared with the results of 36 surveillance spots from 1980 to 1992, twenty-four surveillance spots had the same results (66.7%). Twenty-three surveillance spots had the same results with the original data in 1999 (82.1%).

CONCLUSIONHFRS incidences increased in spring or in summer, but decreased in autumn or in winter. Cluster analysis seemed to be a supplementary method in distinguishing the epidemic types for HFRS.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Cluster Analysis ; Disease Reservoirs ; Hantaan virus ; isolation & purification ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Population Density ; Seasons ; Sentinel Surveillance