OBJECTIVETo investigate the precise locations of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding the seminal vesicles (SV) in men and provide some anatomical evidence for SV-related minimally invasive surgery.

METHODSWe observed the courses and distribution of the blood vessels and nerves surrounding SVs and obtained the data for positioning the SV neuroplexes in 20 male pelvises.

RESULTSOne branch of the neuroplexes was distributed to the SVs bilaterally with the neurovascular bundles, (2.85 ± 0.18) cm from the median sulcus of the prostate (MSP), while another branch ran through the Denonvillier fascia behind the SV, (0.81 ± 0.06) cm from the MSP. The arterial SVs (ASV) originated from the inferior vesical artery and fell into 4 types, 55% going directly to the SVs as one branch, 15% running between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct as another branch, 25% downward as 2 branches to the SV and between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct respectively, and 5% as the other ASVs. The shortest distance from the ASV through the prostatic neuroplexus to the posterior SV was (1.08 ± 0.09) cm.

CONCLUSIONIn SV resection, neuroplexus injury can be reduced with a bilateral distance of < 2.85 cm and a posterior distance of < 0.81 cm from the MSP, and so can bleeding by vascular ligation between the SV and the ampulla of the deferent duct.

Biopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate ; blood supply ; innervation ; Seminal Vesicles ; blood supply ; innervation ; Vas Deferens ; blood supply ; innervation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the tongue manifestation features of sexually transmitted and intravenous drug use spread HIV infected population in Xinjiang.

METHODSRecruited were 990 HIV infected subjects in Xinjiang from May 2011 to March 2012, who were assigned to the intravenous drug use spread HIV infected (498 cases) and the sexually transmitted (492 cases). By using tongue figure shoot combined with analyses of experts, tongue manifestations were analyzed and compared between the sexually transmitted and the intravenous drug use spread from four aspects, i.e., the tongue color, the tongue shape, the fur color, and the fur property.

RESULTSCompared with the sexually transmitted population, red tongue, fissured tongue, yellow fur, thick fur, eroded fur, deficiency of fur fluid were more often seen, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). Compared with the intravenous drug use spread population, pale tongue, white fur, and thin fur were more often seen, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe tongue manifestations of the intravenous drug use spread HIV population reflected inner exuberance of evil toxin and heat impairing qi and yin. Compared with the intravenous drug use spread population, the attack of HIV infection was more hiding in the sexually transmitted population, with milder internal injury. Their Wei-qi was not damaged and no obvious change occurred in the tongue figure.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; HIV Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Substance-Related Disorders ; complications ; diagnosis ; Tongue ; pathology ; Young Adult

China ; Information Systems ; Occupational Health Services ; organization & administration ; standards

· AIM: To study the clinical characteristics of metastatic bacterial endophthalmitis.endophthalmitis were retrospectively studied.manifestation was found in 17 cases (77%), iridal purulent nodules in 2 cases and retinal purulent embolism In 3 cases. The total number of leucocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes was elevated markedly, while lymphocyte count was reduced significantly in early stage. Positive rate of bacterial cultivation was 36%.dophthalmitis often have apparent extraocular infected situation before eye Is involved. Ocular appearance and laboratory examination have some specificity in early stage, while bacterial cultivation, as a golden standard,needs to be further improved.

A poly-?-glutamic acid producing strain--BLN-2, was isolated from the soybean products. According to the biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA, the strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis. Using soybeans as culture, the solid-state fermentation conditions of BLN-2 have been studied. The results showed that the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources of BLN-2 were glucose, fructose, NaNO3 and KNO3, respectively. The orthrogonal experiments showed, when the final concentration of the fructose which was added to the soybean culture was 0.5%, the glucose, NaNO3 and KNO3 final concentraion were 2.0%, the production of ?-PGA was the highest--89.05 g/kg. It is 48.42% higher than other comparable soybean medium under the same conditions.

BACKGROUND:The traditional two-dimensional culture system has been widely used in the in vitro culture of human tissue stem cells,but it cannot really simulate the three-dimensional physiological microenvironment in the body, which is not conducive to the study of the biological behavior of human stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To detect the effect of the bioactivity of Col-Tgel in human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)in vitro and in vivo,by constructing a three-dimensional culture system stimulating the physiological microenvironment of the body. METHODS:(1)In vitro co-culture:Green fluorescent protein labeled MSCs(MSCs-GFP)and human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were co-cultured in Col-Tgel for 3 days (three-dimensional culture group). Human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were cultured in Col-Tgel for 3 days as single culture group. MSCs-GFP and human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were co-cultured in Transwell chamber for 3 days as two-dimensional culture group. Human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells were cultured routinely as control group. The percentage of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in each group was measured by flow cytometry. In situ immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the activity of cells that were co-cultured in Col-Tgel.(2)In vivo transplantation:NOD/SCID mice subjected to 24-hour X-ray irradiation were divided into two groups: in experimental group, MSC-GFP cells were resuspended in Col-Tgel and transplanted into the tibia of NOD/SCID mice; in control group, MSCs-GFP were resuspended in PBS and transplanted into the tibia of NOD/SCID mice. The MSC-GFP growth in the bone marrow was detected by two-photon/confocal microscopy at 3 days post transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After co-culture in Col-Tgel for 3 days, the percentage of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in the three-dimensional culture group was 2.8 times that of the two-dimensional culture group, indicating that the MSCs significantly promoted the expansion of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in the Col-Tgel. The percentage of CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+cells in the three-dimensional culture group was increased by 4.5 times compared with the single culture group and increased by 1.5 times compared with the control group. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the cell viability of human MSCs and human umbilical cord blood CD34+cells was not affected after co-cultured in Col-Tgel for 3 days.In the in vivo transplantation experiment,MSC-GFP cells could survive in the medullary cavity.In summary, Col-Tgel provides a new strategy for stem cell culture and in vivo growth by forming a three-dimensional system similar to the physiological environment in vivo.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of "Three-Typed Syndrome Differentiation" (TTSD) in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

METHODSA systematic review and meta-analysis was done based on the clinical diabetes treatment literature of the "TTSD". Overseas databases like the PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials, and China databases like China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM), Chinese national Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, and VIP database, without limitation on language, were included with the time limitation from Jan 1982 to Dec 2012 by retrieval of relative original clinical research articles.

RESULTSNineteen articles where contains 1,840 diabetes patients were obtained, in which no adverse reactions were reported. Of these, 14 literatures involved the effect of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 10 involved that of postprandial 2-h blood glucose (P2hBG), and 19 involved the overall efficacy based on the national Chinese medicine (CM) diagnosis and treatment standard of diabetes. All the meta-analysis results prefer to the "TTSD" groups (CM+Western medicine Based on TTSD). The results show that, beside the efficacy of Western medicine, the concentrations of FBG and P2hBG in "TTSD" groups continue to drop with statistical significance. For "TTSD" groups, the FBG subsequently dropped 1.03 mmol/L, 95%CI [1.24,0.82] P <0.00001), the P2hBG subsequently dropped 1.09 mmol/L, 95% CI [1.61, 0.57] (P <0.0001), and the overall efficacies benefit 3.46 times those of Western medicine alone, 95% CI [2.67,4.48] (P <0.00001).

CONCLUSIONSThe CM by the diagnosis and treatment of type 2 diabetes based on TTSD might be safe and effective, and could better improve both blood glucose and the overall status of patients, including symptoms.

Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; blood ; drug therapy ; Fasting ; blood ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Postprandial Period ; Syndrome ; Treatment Outcome

From original concept and literature of acupoint, the concept and clinical significance of ashi method is discussed, which clarifies that the essence of ashi method is to locate the acupoints by patients' sensitivity on force. The clinical application of heat-sensitive moxibustion has illustrated that positioning method of this therapy is based on the appearance of heat-sensitive moxibustion sensation. Although both types are based on patients' feeling, positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion stands on a new angle and uses a new method to locate acupoint. Therefore, it is believed that the positioning method of heat-sensitive moxibustion is the inheritance and development of ashi method.
Acupuncture Points ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Moxibustion ; history ; methods ; Sensation

China ; epidemiology ; Cleft Lip ; epidemiology ; Cleft Palate ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

HuaFu Shengji is the primary traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy for treating chronic skin ulcer. The high activities of the protein enzyme in the wound fluids is one of the main cause of healing delay. In order to investigate the effect of TCM Zhuhong ointment for promoting wound healing. This research focused on its influence on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities in wound fluids with TCM Yang syndromes, directly on the activated MMP-1,2 activities in vitro and on MMP-1,-2,-9 production by HSF. 8 wound fluid samples were collected, which were diagnosed Yang Syndromes in TCM. Wound fluid activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured by gelatin zymogram assay. MMP-1 and MMP-2 activities in vitro were measured by substrate cleavage. CCK-8 was used to observe the toxicity of Zhuhong ointment on HSF. MMP-1,-2,-9 production by HSF were detected by confocal microscope. Zhuhong ointment from 1 to 25 g x L(-1) obviously inhibited MMP-2 activity in wound fluid. When Zhuhong ointment was over 5 g x L(-1), it showed significantly inhibitory effect on wound fluid MMP-9 activity. In vitro study, when the mercury concentration was 320 mg x L(-1), Zhuhong ointment solution directly inhibited both MMP-1 activity and MMP-2. But mercury concentration from 0.51-2.56 mg x L(-1), it could activate MMP-1 activity, and from 0.51-64 mg x L(-1), activate MMP-2 activity instead. The mercury concentration when Zhuhong ointment saturated in DMEM was 39.6 mg x L(-1). When the mercury concentration was over 1.23 mg x L(-1), Zhuhong ointment showed toxicity to HSF. At 1.23, 0.62, 0.31 mg x L(-1) of mercury concentration, it increased MMP-1 expression by HSF, and at 1.23, 0.62 mg x L(-1), decreased MMP-2 expression. However, at 1.23, 0.62, 0.31 mg x L(-1), it decreased MMP-9 expression. At higher concentration, Zhuhong ointment can inhibit MMP-2, MMP-9 activities in wound fluid with dose-dependent way and show a direct inhibitory effect on activated MMP-1 and MMP-2 in vitro. But at a lower concentration, it showed two-way adjustment, with increased MMP-1, MMP-2 activities and its expression by HSF and decreased MMP-9 activity.
Body Fluids ; enzymology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dermatitis ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiology ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Wound Healing ; drug effects